The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES)-R Space Environment In Situ Suite (SEISS) is made up of five particle sensors that collectively observe 30 eV to 4 MeV electron fluxes and 30 eV to > 500 MeV ion / proton fluxes, plus heavy ion fluxes above 10 MeV/nucleon. SEISS data support real-time solar radiation storm and radiation belt alerts issued by the NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center.
Product Details
The Level-1b data are the fully calibrated and full resolution data in physical units. Level-2+ data are higher order data products that vary by instrument. Example Python codes provide syntax to wget to download multiple files, to read and use certain data products in Python.
Product | SEISS L1b Satellite Data | Product Description | |
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SEISS L1b EHIS Energetic Heavy Ions |
Heavy ion differential fluxes derived from in situ measurements of heavy ion count rates. |
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SEISS MPS-LO L1b Magnetospheric Electrons and Protons: Low Energy |
Fluxes of relatively low energy electrons and ions derived from in situ measurements of electron and ion count rates. |
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SEISS MPS-HI L1b Magnetospheric Electrons and Protons: High Energy |
Fluxes of medium and high energy electrons and protons derived from in situ measurements of electron and proton count rates. |
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SEISS SGPS L1b Solar and Galactic Protons |
Fluxes of very high energy protons and alpha particles derived from in situ measurements of proton and alpha count rates. |
Product | SEISS L2 Satellite Data | Description | SEISS L2 Satellite Plots | |||
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SEISS L2 Averages | 1-min. and 5-min. averages for the Magnetospheric Particle Sensors (MPS-HI and MPS-LO) and for the Solar and Galactic Proton Sensor (SGPS) | |||||
MPS-HI Moments and Spacecraft Charging | Density and temperature moments and spacecraft charging level | |||||
MPS-LO Moments and Spacecraft Charging | Density and temperature moments and spacecraft charging level | |||||
SGPS Integral Flux
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Solar proton flux integrated above specific energies | |||||
Event Detection | Proton event detection (SGPS) | |||||
Rate of Rise | Rate at which integral flux is increasing | |||||
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Linear Energy Transfer measurements (measurement of harmful radiation) |
Special Event Data
September 2017 Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) Events
The last large solar energetic particle (SEP) events of Solar Cycle 24 (in September 2017), were also the first SEP events observed by GOES-16. The real-time-processed data from these events were initially unavailable to the public because the instruments on GOES-16 had not reached provisional validation status. NCEI has reprocessed the GOES-16 SGPS data for these events, and they are now available to the public.
Solar Proton Events Affecting the Earth Environment (1976 to date)
- SPE list (1976 to date): This table lists the solar proton events detected by SWPC and its predecessors using GOES data from 1976 to the present day.Starting in 2021, the events have been detected using SGPS data.
Instrument Descriptions
MPS-LO
The Magnetospheric Particle Sensor - Low Energy (MPS-LO) is comprised of a pair of electrostatic analyzers (ESA) that measure 30 eV - 30 keV ion and electron fluxes in fourteen angular zones (twelve unique) arranged in a north-south fan centered on the satellite zenith direction. MPS-LO represents a measurement capability not previously flown on GOES.
MPS-HI
The Magnetospheric Particle Sensor - High Energy (MPS-HI) measures 50-4000 keV electrons (plus an integral >2 MeV channel) and 80-12,000 keV protons using five electron and five proton telescopes, also arranged in a north-south fan centered on the satellite zenith direction. MPS-HI also includes two dosimeters under hemispherical aluminum domes (2.54 and 6.35 mm thickness).
SGPS East and West
Two Solar and Galactic Proton Sensor (SGPS) units, west- and east-facing, observe solar energetic protons and alpha particle (helium-4 nuclei) fluxes. Each SGPS observes 1-500 MeV protons (plus an integral >500 MeV channel) and 3.8-894 MeV alpha particles.
EHIS
An Energetic Heavy Ion Sensor (EHIS) observes solar and galactic heavy ion nuclei (also known as cosmic rays) from carbon to iron in five energy bands. The energy range varies with element, from 18-335 MeV/nucleon for carbon to 37-825 MeV/nucleon for iron. EHIS uses the innovative Angle Detecting Inclined Sensor (ADIS) system to resolve the elemental composition of heavy ion fluxes. EHIS represents a measurement capability not previously flown on GOES.
L1B Data
- GOES-16 SEISS EHIS ReadMe
- GOES-17 SEISS EHIS ReadMe
- GOES-18 SEISS EHIS ReadMe
- GOES-16 SEISS MPS-LO ReadMe
- GOES-17 SEISS MPS-LO ReadMe
- GOES-18 SEISS MPS-LO ReadMe
- GOES-16 SEISS MPS-HI ReadMe
- GOES-17 SEISS MPS-HI ReadMe
- GOES-18 SEISS MPS-HI ReadMe
- GOES-16 SEISS SGPS ReadMe
- GOES-17 SEISS SGPS ReadMe
- GOES-18 SEISS SGPS ReadMe
Ephemeris Data L2
SEISS Publications
- Boudouridis, A., Rodriguez, J. V., Kress, B. T., Dichter, B. K., & Onsager, T. G. (2020). Development of a bowtie inversion technique for real-time processing of the GOES-16/-17 SEISS MPS-HI electron channels. Space Weather, 18, e2019SW002403. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019SW002403
- Connell, J. J., Lopate, C., & McLaughlin, K. R. (2016). Accelerator test of an improved Angle Detecting Inclined Sensor (ADIS) prototype with beams of 78Kr and fragments. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 837, 11-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2016.08.038
- Dichter, B. K., Galica, G. E., McGarity, J. O., Tsui, S., Golightly, M. J., Lopate, C., & Connell, J. J. (2015). Specification design and calibration of the space weather suite of instruments on the NOAA GOES-R program spacecraft. IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 62(6), 2776– 2783. https://doi.org/10.1109/TNS.2015.2477997
- Kress, B. T., Rodriguez, J. V., & Onsager, T. G. (2020). The GOES-R space environment in situ suite (SEISS): Measurement of energetic particles in geospace. In J. G. Steven, T. J. Schmit, J. Daniels, & R. J. Redmon (Eds.), The GOES-R Series (pp. 243– 250). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814327-8.00020-2
- Kress, B. T., Rodriguez, J. V., Boudouridis, A., Onsager, T. G., Dichter, B. K., Galica, G. E., & Tsui, S. (2021). Observations from NOAA's newest solar proton sensor. Space Weather, 19, e2021SW002750. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021SW002750