NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - GISP2 Ice Core 110,000 Year Oxygen Isotope Data
(MI_Metadata)
fileIdentifier: noaa-icecore-17796
language: eng; USA
characterSet: (MD_CharacterSetCode) utf8
hierarchyLevel: (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
contact: NCEI (pointOfContact) (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: ncei.info@noaa.gov
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
name: NCEI Contact Information
description: Information for contacts at NCEI.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology
positionName: Data Center Contact
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
phone: (CI_Telephone)
voice: 828-271-4800
facsimile: 303-497-6513
address: (CI_Address)
deliveryPoint: 325 Broadway, E/NE31
city: Boulder
administrativeArea: CO
postalCode: 80305-3328
country: USA
electronicMailAddress: paleo@noaa.gov
role: (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
dateStamp: 2024-04-22
metadataStandardName: ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
metadataStandardVersion: ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
return to top
identificationInfo: (MD_DataIdentification)
citation: (CI_Citation)
title: NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - GISP2 Ice Core 110,000 Year Oxygen Isotope Data
date: (CI_Date)
date: 1997-11-30
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
edition: (missing)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code:
Anchor: DOI doi:10.25921/jtjy-9030
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: noaa-icecore-17796
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: NCEI DSI 1200_02
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: NCEI DSI 1200_01
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName: Grootes, P.M.
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName: Grootes, P.M.
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName: Stuiver, M.
role: (CI_RoleCode) originator
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName: Stuiver, M.
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
presentationForm: (CI_PresentationFormCode) tableDigital
abstract: This archived Paleoclimatology Study is available from the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), under the World Data Service (WDS) for Paleoclimatology. The associated NCEI study type is Ice Core. The data include parameters of ice cores with a geographic location of Greenland. The time period coverage is from 110977 to -37 in calendar years before present (BP). See metadata information for parameter and study location details. Please cite this study when using the data.
purpose: Records of past temperature, precipitation, atmospheric trace gases, and other aspects of climate and environment derived from ice cores drilled on glaciers and ice caps around the world. Parameter keywords describe what was measured in this dataset. Additional summary information can be found in the abstracts of papers listed in the dataset citations.
status: (MD_ProgressCode) completed
pointOfContact: NCEI (pointOfContact) (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: ncei.info@noaa.gov
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
name: NCEI Contact Information
description: Information for contacts at NCEI.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
pointOfContact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA World Data Service for Paleoclimatology
positionName: Data Center Contact
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
phone: (CI_Telephone)
voice: 828-271-4800
facsimile: 303-497-6513
address: (CI_Address)
deliveryPoint: 325 Broadway, E/NE31
city: Boulder
administrativeArea: CO
postalCode: 80305-3328
country: USA
electronicMailAddress: paleo@noaa.gov
role: (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
graphicOverview: (MD_BrowseGraphic)
fileName: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/webimages/pc-default-icecore.png
fileDescription: Paleoclimatology - Ice Core
fileType: PNG
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: Earth Science > Climate Indicators > Paleoclimate Indicators > Ice Core Records
keyword: Earth Science > Paleoclimate > Ice Core Records
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
thesaurusName: GCMD Science Keywords (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2020-01-09
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
edition: 9.1
citedResponsibleParty: GCMD Landing Page (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Earth Science Data and Information System
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/find-data/idn/gcmd-keywords
name: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords
description: The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores
keyword: earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores
keyword: earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores
keyword: earth science > paleoclimate > ice cores
keyword: earth science > paleoclimate > ice core > oxygen isotopes
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
thesaurusName: GCMD Science Keywords (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2020-01-09
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
edition: 9.1
citedResponsibleParty: GCMD Landing Page (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Earth Science Data and Information System
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/find-data/idn/gcmd-keywords
name: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords
description: The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: What: depth at sample end; Material: null
keyword: What: delta 18O; Material: bulk ice
keyword: What: delta 18O; Material: bulk ice
keyword: What: ice age at sample end; Material: null
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus
date: (missing)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/paleoenvironmental-standard-terms-thesaurus
name: PaST Thesaurus
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: Continent > North America > Greenland > GISP2 > LATITUDE 72.583333 > LONGITUDE -38.466667
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
thesaurusName: (missing)
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) dataCentre
thesaurusName: GCMD Data Center Keywords (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2020-01-09
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
edition: 9.1
citedResponsibleParty: GCMD Landing Page (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Earth Science Data and Information System
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/learn/find-data/idn/gcmd-keywords
name: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Keywords
description: The information provided on this page seeks to define how the GCMD Keywords are structured, used and accessed. It also provides information on how users can participate in the further development of the keywords.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
useConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
otherConstraints: Cite as: Grootes, P.M.; Stuiver, M. (1997-11-30): NOAA/WDS Paleoclimatology - GISP2 Ice Core 110,000 Year Oxygen Isotope Data. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.25921/jtjy-9030. Accessed [date].
resourceConstraints: Distribution Liability (MD_LegalConstraints)
accessConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
otherConstraints: Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
resourceConstraints: Use Liability (MD_LegalConstraints)
useConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
otherConstraints: Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
accessConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
otherConstraints: None
resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
useConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
otherConstraints: Please cite original publication, online resource, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource, and date accessed. The appearance of external links associated with a dataset does not constitute endorsement by the Department of Commerce/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of external Web sites or the information, products or services contained therein. For other than authorized activities, the Department of Commerce/NOAA does not exercise any editorial control over the information you may find at these locations. These links are provided consistent with the stated purpose of this Department of Commerce/NOAA Web site.
aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation)
aggregateDataSetName: (CI_Citation)
title: Oxygen 18/16 variability in Greenland snow and ice with 10-3 to 10-5-year time resolution
date: (CI_Date)
date: 1997
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName: P. M. Grootes, M. Stuiver
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: (missing)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.1029/97JC00880
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: Associated Reference published 1997
description: P. M. Grootes, M. Stuiver, 1997: Oxygen 18/16 variability in Greenland snow and ice with 10-3 to 10-5-year time resolution. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 102, 26455-26470, 10.1029/97JC00880
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (missing)
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
initiativeType: (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) sciencePaper
language: eng; USA
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) geoscientificInformation
extent: (EX_Extent)
description: Date Range: 110977 cal yr BP to -37 cal yr BP;
geographicElement: (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
westBoundLongitude: -38.466667
eastBoundLongitude: -38.466667
southBoundLatitude: 72.583333
northBoundLatitude: 72.583333
geographicElement: (EX_BoundingPolygon)
polygon:
Point:
description: Study Coordinates
pos: 72.583333 -38.466667
temporalElement: (EX_TemporalExtent)
extent:
TimePeriod:
beginPosition: -109027
endPosition: 1987
supplementalInformation: STUDY NOTES: GISP2 delta 18O, 2 meter data set to 110 KYrBP, and 1 year resolution data back to 1133 years B.P. ABSTRACT SUPPLIED BY ORIGINATOR: The 3-km-long Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2 (GISP2) ice core presents a 100,000+-year detailed oxygen isotope profile covering almost a full glacial-interglacial cycle. Measurements of isotopic fluctuations in snow, frost, and atmospheric water vapor samples collected during summer field seasons (up to 20 per mil) are compatible with the large and abrupt 18O/16O changes observed in accumulated firn. Snow pit d18O profiles from the GISP2 summit area, however, show rapid smoothing of the 18O/16O signal near the surface. Beyond about 2-m depth the smoothed d18O signal is fairly well preserved and can be interpreted in terms of average local weather conditions and climate. The longer climate fluctuations also have regional and often global significance. In the older part of the record, corresponding to marine isotope stages (MIS) 5a to 5d, the effect of orbital climate forcing via the 19- and 23-kyr precession cycles and the 41-kyr obliquity cycle is obvious. From the end of MIS 5a, at about 75,000 years B.P., till the end of the glacial at the Younger Dryas-Preboreal transition, at 11,650 years B.P., the 18O/16O record shows frequent, rapid switches between intermediate interstadial and low stadial values. Fourier spectra of the oscillations that are superimposed on the orbitally induced changes contain a strong periodicity at 1.5 kyr, a broad peak at 4.0 kyr, and additional shorter periods. Detailed comparison of the GISP2 18O/16O record with the Vostok, Antarctica, dD record; Pacific Ocean foraminiferal 18O/16O; Grande Pile, France, tree pollen; and insolation indicates that a counterpart to many of the rapid 18O/16O fluctuations of GISP2 can be found in the other records, and that the GISP2 isotopic changes clearly are the local expression of climate changes of worldwide extent. Correlation of events on the independent GISP2 and SPECMAP time scales for the interval 10,000-50,000 years B.P. shows excellent Chronometric agreement, except possibly for the event labeled 3.1. The glacial to interglacial transition evidently started simultaneously in the Arctic and the Antarctic, but its development and its expression in Greenland isotopes was later suppressed by the influence of meltwater, especially from the Barents Sea ice sheet, on deep water formation and ocean circulation. Meltwaters from different ice sheets bordering the North Atlantic also influenced ocean circulation during the Bolling-Allerod interstadial complex and the Younger Dryas and led to a distinct development of European climate and Greenland 18O/16O values. The Holocene interval with long-term stable mean isotopic values contains several fluctuations with periods from years to millennia. Dominant is a 6.3-year oscillation with amplitude up to 3 to 4 per mil. Periodicities of 11 and 210 years, also found in the solar-modulated records of the cosmogenic isotopes 10Be and 14C, suggest solar processes as the cause of these cycles. Depression of 18O/16O values (cooling) by volcanic eruptions is observed in stacked GISP2 d18O records, but the effect is small and not likely to trigger major climate changes.
return to top
distributionInfo: (MD_Distribution)
distributor: (MD_Distributor)
distributorContact: NCEI (distributor) (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: ncei.info@noaa.gov
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
name: NCEI Contact Information
description: Information for contacts at NCEI.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) distributor
distributionOrderProcess: (MD_StandardOrderProcess)
fees: In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
orderingInstructions: Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
distributorFormat: (MD_Format)
name: Native Format(s)
version: (missing)
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.25921/jtjy-9030
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Landing Page
name: Metadata Landing Page
description: NCEI landing page with general information and links to access the data.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/17796
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web Browser
name: NOAA Study Page
description: Study page with data access information.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) search
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/paleoclimatology/ice-core
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Information
name: NCEI Ice Core Page
description: General information for this data type.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/gispd18o-noaa.txt
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Download
name: NCEI Direct Download
description: Direct download links for dataset files.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/icecore/greenland/summit/gisp2/isotopes/d18o1yr-noaa.txt
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Download
name: NCEI Direct Download
description: Direct download links for dataset files.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
return to top
metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: This ISO metadata record was translated from DIF metadata using dif-9x-to-iso-19115-2.xsl Version: 2022-06-21
