World Ocean Atlas 2018
(MI_Metadata)
fileIdentifier: gov.noaa.nodc:NCEI-WOA18
language:
LanguageCode: eng
characterSet: (MD_CharacterSetCode) utf8
hierarchyLevel: (MD_ScopeCode) series
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: ncei.info@noaa.gov
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
protocol: HTTPS
name: NOAA Contact Information
description: Information for contacts at NCEI.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
dateStamp:
DateTime: 2025-05-20T18:54:00Z
metadataStandardName: ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
metadataStandardVersion: ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
return to top
identificationInfo: (MD_DataIdentification)
citation: (CI_Citation)
title: World Ocean Atlas 2018
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2018-10-15
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2019-08-28
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
edition: (inapplicable)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
authority: (CI_Citation)
title: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
date: (inapplicable)
code:
Anchor: NCEI Dataset ID gov.noaa.nodc:NCEI-WOA18
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: ncei.info@noaa.gov
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
protocol: HTTPS
name: NCEI Contact Information
description: Information for contacts at NCEI.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/6 Tim P. Boyer
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
role: (CI_RoleCode) resourceProvider
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
role: (CI_RoleCode) resourceProvider
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/6 Boyer, Tim P.
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/190 García, Hernán E.
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: hernan.garcia@noaa.gov
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/149 Locarnini, Ricardo A.
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: ricardo.locarnini@noaa.gov
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/2731 Zweng, Melissa M.
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: melissa.zweng@noaa.gov
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/about/our-offices/office-of-common-services
protocol: HTTPS
name: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) website
description: Institution web page
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName:
Anchor: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2958-8747 Mishonov, Alexey V.
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName:
Anchor: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6409-0645 Reagan, James R.
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.umd.edu/
protocol: HTTPS
name: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) website
description: Institution web page
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/4622 Weathers, Katharine A.
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: katharine.weathers@noaa.gov
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/3 Baranova, Olga K.
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: Olga.Baranova@noaa.gov
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/3 Paver, Christopher R.
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: Olga.Baranova@noaa.gov
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName:
Anchor: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7090-9779 Seidov, Dan
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/49 Smolyar, Igor V.
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) author
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
individualName:
Anchor: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6409-0645 James Reagan
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.umd.edu/
protocol: HTTPS
name: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) website
description: Institution web page
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
presentationForm: (CI_PresentationFormCode) tableDigital
abstract: World Ocean Atlas 2018 (WOA18) is a set of objectively analyzed (one degree grid and quarter degree grid) climatological fields of in situ temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, Apparent Oxygen Utilization (AOU), percent oxygen saturation, phosphate, silicate, and nitrate at standard depth levels for annual, seasonal, and monthly compositing periods for the World Ocean. Quarter degree fields are for temperature and salinity only. It also includes associated statistical fields of observed oceanographic profile data interpolated to standard depth levels on quarter degree, one degree, and five degree grids. Temperature and salinity fields are available for six decades (1955-1964, 1965-1974, 1975-1984, 1985-1994, 1995-2004, and 2005-2017) an average of all decades representing the period 1955-2017, as well as a thirty year "climate normal" period 1981-2010. Oxygen fields (as well as AOU and percent oxygen saturation) are available using all quality controlled data 1960-2017, nutrient fields using all quality controlled data from the entire sampling period 1878-2017. This accession is a product generated by the National Centers for Environmental Information's (NCEI) Ocean Climate Laboratory Team. The analyses are derived from the NCEI World Ocean Database 2018.
purpose: Oceanographic objective analyses have proven to be of great utility to the oceanographic, climate research, geophysical, and operational environmental forecasting communities. Such analyses are used as boundary and/or initial conditions in numerical ocean circulation models and atmosphere-ocean models, for verification of numerical simulations of the ocean, as a form of "sea truth" for satellite measurements such as altimetric observations of sea surface height, for computation of nutrient fluxes by Ekman transport, and for planning oceanographic expeditions among others.
status: (MD_ProgressCode) completed
status: (MD_ProgressCode) historicalArchive
pointOfContact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: ncei.info@noaa.gov
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/contact
protocol: HTTPS
name: NCEI Contact Information
description: Information for contacts at NCEI.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
resourceMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
graphicOverview: (MD_BrowseGraphic)
fileName: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/metadata/landing-page/bin/gfx?id=gov.noaa.nodc:NCEI-WOA18
fileDescription: Preview graphic
fileType: PNG
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0176314 0176314
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0192181 0192181
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2019-07-31
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/12 ANALYSES - ANNUAL SUMMARIES
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/13 ANALYSES - MONTHLY SUMMARIES
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/14 ANALYSES - SEASONAL SUMMARIES
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/116 DISSOLVED OXYGEN
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/223 NITRATE
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/238 OXYGEN - APPARENT UTILIZATION (AOU)
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/244 OXYGEN - PERCENT SATURATION
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/263 phosphate
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/307 SALINITY
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/333 silicate
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/373 WATER TEMPERATURE
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS
date: (inapplicable)
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/obstype/details/37 atlas
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/obstype/details/3 chemical
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/obstype/details/14 physical
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS
date: (inapplicable)
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1730 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) dataCentre
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS
date: (inapplicable)
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/seaname/details/179 World-Wide Distribution
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS
date: (inapplicable)
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: oceanography
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: WMO_CategoryCode
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2012-09-15
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword:
Anchor: https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/e59896e0-3b4d-43ea-9348-f1f456305d05 DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NCEI > National Centers for Environmental Information, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) dataCentre
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Data Center Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2025
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
edition: 21
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
city: Greenbelt
administrativeArea: MD
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords
protocol: HTTPS
name: GCMD Keyword Forum Page
description: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword:
Anchor: https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/4fde380a-38c5-4d46-bc80-4f2515a43983 EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NITRATE
keyword:
Anchor: https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/8dd7c9f0-51d0-4037-b1d0-a2517c1770ad EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > NUTRIENTS
keyword:
Anchor: https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/90aa8838-79bd-4b28-b518-8217e863c385 EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > OXYGEN
keyword:
Anchor: https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/0b513d8c-bfd3-44ee-976e-42757b8375a2 EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > PHOSPHATE
keyword:
Anchor: https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/c91c8879-1b29-48e3-b4cd-a238af66cdaf EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN CHEMISTRY > SILICATE
keyword:
Anchor: https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/46206e8c-8def-406f-9e62-da4e74633a58 EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE
keyword:
Anchor: https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/7e95b5fc-1d58-431a-af36-948b29fa870d EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2025
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
edition: 21
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
city: Greenbelt
administrativeArea: MD
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords
protocol: HTTPS
name: GCMD Keyword Forum Page
description: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword: Oceans > Ocean Nutrients > Dissolved Inorganic Nutrients > Nitrate
keyword: Oceans > Ocean Nutrients > Dissolved Inorganic Nutrients > Phosphate
keyword: Oceans > Ocean Nutrients > Dissolved Inorganic Nutrients > Silicate
keyword: Oceans > Ocean Oxygen > Dissolved Oxygen
keyword: Oceans > Ocean Salinity
keyword: Oceans > Ocean Temperature > Water Temperature
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Originator Keywords
date: (inapplicable)
descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords)
keyword:
Anchor: https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/3d4e44c4-5d99-4a9b-8388-43c63533ee97 GEOGRAPHIC REGION > GLOBAL OCEAN
type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place
thesaurusName: (CI_Citation)
title: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2025
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) revision
edition: 21
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
address: (CI_Address)
city: Greenbelt
administrativeArea: MD
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords
protocol: HTTPS
name: GCMD Keyword Forum Page
description: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2025. GCMD Keywords, Version 21. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
resourceConstraints: (MD_Constraints)
useLimitation: accessLevel: Public
resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
useConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
otherConstraints: Cite as: Boyer, Tim P.; García, Hernán E.; Locarnini, Ricardo A.; Zweng, Melissa M.; Mishonov, Alexey V.; Reagan, James R.; Weathers, Katharine A.; Baranova, Olga K.; Paver, Christopher R.; Seidov, Dan; Smolyar, Igor V. (2018). World Ocean Atlas 2018. [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/NCEI-WOA18. Accessed [date].
otherConstraints: When using temperature, please also cite: Locarnini, R. A., A. V. Mishonov, O. K. Baranova, T. P. Boyer, M. M. Zweng, H. E. García, J. R. Reagan, D. Seidov, K. Weathers, C. R. Paver, and I. Smolyar, 2019. World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 1: Temperature. A. Mishonov Technical Ed.; NOAA Atlas NESDIS 81, 52 pp. https://doi.org/10.25923/e5rn-9711
otherConstraints: When using salinity, please also cite: Zweng, M. M., J. R. Reagan, D. Seidov, T. P. Boyer, R. A. Locarnini, H. E. García, A. V. Mishonov, O. K. Baranova, K. Weathers, C. R. Paver, and I. Smolyar, 2019. World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 2: Salinity. A. Mishonov Technical Ed.; NOAA Atlas NESDIS 82, 50 pp. https://doi.org/10.25923/9pgv-1224
otherConstraints: When using oxygen, please also cite: García, H. E., K. Weathers, C. R. Paver, I. Smolyar, T. P. Boyer, R. A. Locarnini, M. M. Zweng, A. V. Mishonov, O. K. Baranova, D. Seidov, and J. R. Reagan, 2019. World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 3: Dissolved Oxygen, Apparent Oxygen Utilization, and Oxygen Saturation. A. Mishonov Technical Ed.; NOAA Atlas NESDIS 83, 38 pp. https://doi.org/10.25923/qspr-pn52
otherConstraints: When using nutrients, please also cite: García, H. E., K. Weathers, C. R. Paver, I. Smolyar, T. P. Boyer, R. A. Locarnini, M. M. Zweng, A. V. Mishonov, O. K. Baranova, D. Seidov, and J. R. Reagan, 2019. World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 4: Dissolved Inorganic Nutrients (phosphate, nitrate and nitrate+nitrite, silicate). A. Mishonov Technical Ed.; NOAA Atlas NESDIS 84, 35 pp. https://doi.org/10.25923/ng6j-ey81
otherConstraints: When using density, please also cite: Locarnini, R.A., T.P. Boyer, A.V. Mishonov, J.R. Reagan, M.M. Zweng, O.K. Baranova, H.E. García, D. Seidov, K.W. Weathers, C.R. Paver, and I.V. Smolyar (2019). World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 5: Density. A. Mishonov, Technical Editor. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 85, 41 pp. https://doi.org/10.25923/xnf9-9s53
otherConstraints: When using conductivity, please also cite: Reagan, J.R., M.M. Zweng, D. Seidov, T.P. Boyer, R.A. Locarnini, A.V. Mishonov, O.K. Baranova, H.E. García, K.W. Weathers, C.R. Paver, I.V. Smolyar, and R.H. Tyler (2019). World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 6: Conductivity. A. Mishonov Technical Editor, NOAA Atlas NESDIS 86, 38 pp. https://doi.org/10.25923/wjeq-s877
resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
useLimitation: Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
accessConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
otherConstraints: Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation)
aggregateDataSetName: (CI_Citation)
title: Locarnini, R. A., A. V. Mishonov, O. K. Baranova, T. P. Boyer, M. M. Zweng, H. E. Garcia, J. R. Reagan, D. Seidov, K. Weathers, C. R. Paver, and I. Smolyar, 2018. World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 1: Temperature. A. Mishonov Technical Ed.; NOAA Atlas NESDIS 81, 52pp
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2019
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: NOAA Atlas NESDIS 81
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
positionName: (unknown)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.25923/e5rn-9711
protocol: HTTPS
name: https://doi.org/10.25923/e5rn-9711
description: related atlas
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (unknown)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
presentationForm: (CI_PresentationFormCode) documentDigital
series: (CI_Series)
name: NOAA Atlas
issueIdentification: NESDIS 82
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
initiativeType: (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) project
aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation)
aggregateDataSetName: (CI_Citation)
title: Zweng, M. M., J. R. Reagan, D. Seidov, T. P. Boyer, R. A. Locarnini, H. E. Garcia, A. V. Mishonov, O. K. Baranova, K. Weathers, C. R. Paver, and I. Smolyar, 2018. World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 2: Salinity. A. Mishonov Technical Ed.; NOAA Atlas NESDIS 82, 50pp.
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2019
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: NOAA Atlas NESDIS 81
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
positionName: (unknown)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.25923/9pgv-1224
protocol: HTTPS
name: https://doi.org/10.25923/9pgv-1224
description: related atlas
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (unknown)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
presentationForm: (CI_PresentationFormCode) documentDigital
series: (CI_Series)
name: NOAA Atlas
issueIdentification: NESDIS 82
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
initiativeType: (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) project
aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation)
aggregateDataSetName: (CI_Citation)
title: Garcia, H. E., K. Weathers, C. R. Paver, I. Smolyar, T. P. Boyer, R. A. Locarnini, M. M. Zweng, A. V. Mishonov, O. K. Baranova, D. Seidov, and J. R. Reagan, 2018. World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 3: Dissolved Oxygen, Apparent Oxygen Utilization, and Oxygen Saturation. A. Mishonov Technical Ed.; NOAA Atlas NESDIS 83, 38pp.
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2019
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: NOAA Atlas NESDIS 83
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
positionName: (unknown)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.25923/qspr-pn52
protocol: HTTPS
name: https://doi.org/10.25923/qspr-pn52
description: related atlas
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (unknown)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
presentationForm: (CI_PresentationFormCode) documentDigital
series: (CI_Series)
name: NOAA Atlas
issueIdentification: NESDIS 83
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
initiativeType: (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) project
aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation)
aggregateDataSetName: (CI_Citation)
title: Garcia, H. E., K. Weathers, C. R. Paver, I. Smolyar, T. P. Boyer, R. A. Locarnini, M. M. Zweng, A. V. Mishonov, O. K. Baranova, D. Seidov, and J. R. Reagan, 2018. World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 4: Dissolved Inorganic Nutrients (phosphate, nitrate and nitrate+nitrite, silicate). A. Mishonov Technical Ed.; NOAA Atlas NESDIS 84, 35pp.
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2019
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: NOAA Atlas NESDIS 84
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
positionName: (unknown)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.25923/ng6j-ey81
protocol: HTTPS
name: https://doi.org/10.25923/ng6j-ey81
description: related atlas
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (unknown)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
presentationForm: (CI_PresentationFormCode) documentDigital
series: (CI_Series)
name: NOAA Atlas
issueIdentification: NESDIS 84
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
initiativeType: (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) project
aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation)
aggregateDataSetName: (CI_Citation)
title: Locarnini, R.A., T.P. Boyer, A.V. Mishonov, J.R. Reagan, M.M. Zweng, O.K. Baranova, H.E. Garcia, D. Seidov, K.W. Weathers, C.R. Paver, and I.V. Smolyar (2019). World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 5: Density. A. Mishonov, Technical Editor. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 85, 41pp.
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2019
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: NOAA Atlas NESDIS 85
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
positionName: (unknown)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.25923/xnf9-9s53
protocol: HTTPS
name: https://doi.org/10.25923/xnf9-9s53
description: related atlas
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (unknown)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
presentationForm: (CI_PresentationFormCode) documentDigital
series: (CI_Series)
name: NOAA Atlas
issueIdentification: NESDIS 85
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
initiativeType: (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) project
aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation)
aggregateDataSetName: (CI_Citation)
title: Reagan, J.R., M.M. Zweng, D. Seidov, T.P. Boyer, R.A. Locarnini, A.V. Mishonov, O.K. Baranova, H.E. Garcia, K.W. Weathers, C.R. Paver, I.V. Smolyar, and R.H. Tyler (2019). World Ocean Atlas 2018, Volume 6: Conductivity. A. Mishonov Technical Editor, NOAA Atlas NESDIS 86, 38 pp.
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2019
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: NOAA Atlas NESDIS 86
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
positionName: (unknown)
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
onlineResource: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://doi.org/10.25923/wjeq-s877
protocol: HTTPS
name: https://doi.org/10.25923/wjeq-s877
description: related atlas
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
role: (unknown)
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
presentationForm: (CI_PresentationFormCode) documentDigital
series: (CI_Series)
name: NOAA Atlas
issueIdentification: NESDIS 86
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
initiativeType: (DS_InitiativeTypeCode) project
language:
LanguageCode: eng; USA
characterSet: (MD_CharacterSetCode) utf8
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) environment
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) oceans
extent: (EX_Extent)
geographicElement: (EX_GeographicBoundingBox)
westBoundLongitude: -180
eastBoundLongitude: 180
southBoundLatitude: -90
northBoundLatitude: 90
temporalElement: (EX_TemporalExtent)
extent:
TimePeriod:
beginPosition: 1955-01-01
endPosition: 2017-12-31
supplementalInformation: This final version of WOA18, published in July 2019, is replacing a prereleased version made available in September 2018. The changes between the versions include: 1. For the first time, the animal-mounted pinniped temperature profiles (APB) have been added, improving coverage in high latitude areas. 2. A different Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT) correction (Cheng et al., 2014) has been employed. 3. A double XBT correction has been detected in pre-release version and fixed in final version. 4. All temperature and salinity climatological fields were re-calculated to account for these adjustments.
return to top
distributionInfo: (MD_Distribution)
distributor: (MD_Distributor)
distributorContact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName:
Anchor: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
phone: (CI_Telephone)
voice: +1-301-713-3277
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: ncei.info@noaa.gov
role: (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact
distributionOrderProcess: (MD_StandardOrderProcess)
fees: In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
orderingInstructions: Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
distributorFormat: (MD_Format)
name: netCDF
version: netCDF-4 classic
specification: NODC_NetCDF_Grid_Template_v2.0, CF-1.6, ACDD-1.3
distributorTransferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions)
transferSize:
Real: 218531.804
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/thredds-ocean/catalog/ncei/woa/catalog.html
protocol: THREDDS
applicationProfile: Web browsers can browse THREDDS Data Servers and specialized THREDDS software can enable more sophisticated data access and visualizations.
name: THREDDS
description: These data are available through a variety of services via a THREDDS (Thematic Real-time Environmental Distributed Data Services) Data Server (TDS). Depending on the dataset, the TDS can provide WMS, WCS, DAP, HTTP, and other data access and metadata services as well. For more information on the TDS, see http://www.unidata.ucar.edu/software/thredds/current/tds/.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data.nodc/ncei/woa/
protocol: FTP
applicationProfile: Any FTP client
name: FTP
description: These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP).
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/woa/
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web browser
name: HTTPS
description: Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/world-ocean-atlas
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web browser
name: World Ocean Atlas
description: Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/NCEI-WOA18
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web browser
name: NCEI Dataset Landing Page
description: Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
return to top
dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) series
lineage: (LI_Lineage)
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: NCEI Accession 0176314 v1.1 was published.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2018-10-15T23:47:29Z
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: NCEI Accession 0176314 was revised and v2.2 was published.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2019-03-19T02:52:48Z
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: NCEI Accession 0192181 v1.1 was published.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2019-08-28T08:17:39Z
return to top
metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian