Microplastic concentrations from a tidal flat near Tokyo Bay, Japan collected on 2020-06-04 (NCEI Accession 0285699)
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title: Microplastic concentrations from a tidal flat near Tokyo Bay, Japan collected on 2020-06-04 (NCEI Accession 0285699)
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abstract: This study estimated the concentration of microplastics (i.e. plastics measuring less than 5mm; reported in unit of pieces/m2) from a tidal flat near Tokyo Bay, Japan collected on 2020-06-04. Microplastics were collected using a metal scoop and sieved through a mesh size of 1000 μm. This dataset contains the detailed results from all 351 individual microplastic samples encountered including the shape, size and color, in a spreadsheet format.
purpose: These microplastic concentration data were collected in order to determine their abundance in a tidal flat near Tokyo Bay, Japan during 2020-06-04
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title: Tanoiri, H., Nakano, H., Arakawa, H., Hattori, R. S., & Yokota, M. (2021). Inclusion of shape parameters increases the accuracy of 3D models for microplastics mass quantification. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 171, 112749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112749
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description: Parameter or Variable: microplastic concentration (measured); Units: pieces/m2; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Metal scoop; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Samples were collected on June 4, 2020, at a tidal flat located at the mouth of Tsurumi River (35◦29′51.2′′ N, 139◦40′34.6′′ E, Tokyo Bay, Japan). This place was chosen because Tsurumi River passes through one of the most densely populated area in Japan (basin area: 235 km2, population density: about 9.2 × 103 people/km2), and, consequently, the concentration and diversity of microplastics are estimated to be high. A rectangular frame of 1.0 m parallel to the coastline and 0.5 m perpendicular to the coastline was set up at an arbitrary point in the tidal zone. All drifted materials inside the frame were collected and transferred to the laboratory. A total of 351 particles of “large microplastics” measuring 1 mm to 5 mm in length were randomly selected under a stereomicroscope and classified into five shapes (Fragment, Foam, Film, Fiber, and Pellet), based on the classification chart proposed by GESAMP (2019). Since a large number of shells were found at the sampling site, samples were initially treated with a 20% formic acid (HCOOH) solution for 10 min at room temperature for calcium carbonate removal. Then samples received a treatment with a solution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and iron (II) sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4 ⋅ 7H2O, 0.01 g per 10 mL of 30% H2O2, acidic condition of 0.5% HCOOH) for 3 days at room temperature, followed by another treatment with 20% potassium hydroxide solution (KOH) for 2 days at 50 ◦C. Finally, samples were rinsed with distilled water and dried at 50 ◦C for 1 day. Since previous studies on microplastic extraction methods have pointed out that the use of strong acids in chemical treatments and heating above 60 ◦C can cause loss or dissolution of microplastics, this study used formic acid, a weak acid, in order to minimize the impacts on microplastics. The effects of this acid were compared by microscope images and mass measured before and after the treatment. Images (light source: dark field illumination method, with SZX2-ILST LED illumination mount, Olympus, Japan, exposure time: 27.8 ms, ISO: 400, 5.44 × 103 dpi) were then captured using a binocular stereomicroscope (SZX10, Olympus, Japan) coupled with a camera (DP73, Olympus, Japan). Samples were also categorized into colors. The length of the samples was measured using ImageJ (version1.53a; Java1.8.0_112).; Data Quality Method: In order to prevent the contamination of plastic particles, all equipment and instruments for sample collection and processing were cleaned prior to use. Component analysis of the sample was performed using Attenuated Total Reflection method (ATR method) by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR, IRT-6600, Jasco Corporation, Japan). The infrared absorption spectra at wavenumber 400–4000 cm-1 was measured and compared with the spectra in the KnowItAll library (Bio-Rad Laboratories, U.S.A) to identify the polymer type. At this time, samples that were judged not to be plastic based on their composition were excluded..
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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acquisitionInformation: (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer
type: Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer
description: An FTIR spectrometer simultaneously collects high-resolution spectral data over a wide spectral range. This confers a significant advantage over a dispersive spectrometer, which measures intensity over a narrow range of wavelengths at a time.
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: microscope
type: microscope
description: instrument is used in lab analyses A microscope is an instrument used to see objects that are too small for the naked eye.
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: sediment sieve
type: sediment sieve
description: USA standard testing sieve (A.S.T.M.E.)
