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Water temperature, salinity, oxygen and other profile and discrete data taken by CTD and Niskin bottles from NOAA Ship Oscar Dyson, cruise DY1104, 3DY11, in the Bering Sea from 2011-09-22 to 2011-09-27 (NCEI Accession 0281744)


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            title:  Water temperature, salinity, oxygen and other profile and discrete data taken by CTD and Niskin bottles from NOAA Ship Oscar Dyson, cruise DY1104, 3DY11, in the Bering Sea from 2011-09-22 to 2011-09-27 (NCEI Accession 0281744)
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                date:  2023-08-18
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                  Anchor:  DOI 10.25921/m498-re94
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                  Anchor:  NCEI Accession ID 0281744
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/4827 Margaret E. Sullivan
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/976 US DOC; NOAA; OAR; Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/4827 Margaret E. Sullivan
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/2085 University of Washington Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO)
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/976 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, PMEL
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        abstract:  This CTD and bottle profile data set, consisting of 28 casts, was collected in the Bering Sea from NOAA Ship Oscar Dyson (DY1104, 3DY11), 2011-09-22 to 2011-09-27. The cruise was under the NOAA, North Pacific Climate Regimes and Ecosystem Productivity (NPCREP) program. Two temperature (T_28 & T_35), 2 salinity (S_41 & S_42) and 2 oxygen (O_65 & CTDOXY_4221) variables were collected and Sigma-T (ST_70) calculated. Two PAR variables are listed in uEin m-2 s-1 and voltages. Raw fluorometer (rFv_971) are in volts and WetStar fluorometer are in micrograms/Liter. Nutrient data are discrete niskin-bottle samples in units of microMol/Liter: Phosphate, Silicate, Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonium (respectively labeled PO4, SiO4, NO3, NO2, NH4). Profiles were processed at NOAA/PMEL EcoFOCI program using SeaBird software and standard techniques. Profile data are averaged to a 1-meter grid, with missing data listed as 1.0E-12 (CTD) and NaN (Nutrients). CTD data contact: Phyllis Stabeno, Peggy Sullivan, Shaun Bell. Data are in CSV. Longitude is in deg_WEST.
        purpose:  These data were collected in support of Ecosystems research in the Bering Sea. The data are part of long-running studies and data collection in the region, and of the NOAA, EcoFOCI Observing System. Research is a collaborative effort between NOAA, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory and NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Science Center.
        credit:  Related Funding Agency: US DOC; NOAA; NMFS; Alaska Fisheries Science Center; Marine Mammal Laboratory
        credit:  Related Funding Agency: US DOC; NOAA; OAR; Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
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              Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/11 AMMONIUM (NH4)
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              Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/82 CHLOROPHYLL - RELATIVE FLUORESCENCE
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/b7410899-350a-4443-9430-c7fe1fa3a499 EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN OPTICS > PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION
            keyword:
              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/46206e8c-8def-406f-9e62-da4e74633a58 EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN TEMPERATURE > WATER TEMPERATURE
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/007ab607-2ee1-484d-85fb-0bfb89f18c9b EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > DENSITY
            keyword:
              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/7e95b5fc-1d58-431a-af36-948b29fa870d EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > SALINITY/DENSITY > SALINITY
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                    date:  2023
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                            description:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 18. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
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            keyword:  Ammonium concentration
            keyword:  Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
            keyword:  Nitrate concentration
            keyword:  Nitrite concentration
            keyword:  Oxygen saturation
            keyword:  Silicate concentration
            keyword:  phosphate concentration
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/01cc0beb-7c9a-40ed-ad86-0661b41aee53 CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/b79c7e06-cd07-442f-bf12-2019cd71c201 NISKIN BOTTLES
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                            description:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 18. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
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            keyword:  Biospherical Licor Chelsea Sensor
            keyword:  Niskin bottle, SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD
            keyword:  SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD
            keyword:  SeaBird SBE43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor
            keyword:  WETLabs WETStar Fluorometer
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            keyword:
              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/1bb21d0f-bf48-42b5-8e09-cc0d58407e4a Ships
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                    date:  2023
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                            name:  GCMD Keyword Forum Page
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            keyword:
              Anchor:  https://vocab.ices.dk/services/pox/GetCodeDetail/SHIPC/33OA OSCAR DYSON (call sign: WTEP, ICES code: 33OA, 2005)
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                title:  ICES/SeaDataNet Ship Codes
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            keyword:  NOAA Ship Oscar Dyson
            type:  (MD_KeywordTypeCode) platform
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                date: (inapplicable)
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            keyword:
              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/d85ae1ed-4b5f-440d-aaf0-7f9d605fec3b OCEAN > PACIFIC OCEAN > NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN > BERING SEA
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                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
                date:  (CI_Date)
                    date:  2023
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                edition:  18
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                            linkage: https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD%2BKeywords
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                            name:  GCMD Keyword Forum Page
                            description:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD). 2023. GCMD Keywords, Version 18. Greenbelt, MD: Earth Science Data and Information System, Earth Science Projects Division, Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). URL (GCMD Keyword Forum Page): https://forum.earthdata.nasa.gov/app.php/tag/GCMD+Keywords
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            otherConstraints:  Cite as: Stabeno, Phyllis; Sullivan, Peggy; Bell, Shaun (2023). Water temperature, salinity, oxygen and other profile and discrete data taken by CTD and Niskin bottles from NOAA Ship Oscar Dyson, cruise DY1104, 3DY11, in the Bering Sea from 2011-09-22 to 2011-09-27 (NCEI Accession 0281744). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/m498-re94. Accessed [date].
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            useLimitation:  Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
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                title:  DY-11-04 Cruise Report
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                    date:  2023
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                            linkage: https://www.pmel.noaa.gov/foci/operations/2011/4DY11/DY1104_DeWitt_FOCI_CR.doc
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                    beginPosition:  2011-09-22
                    endPosition:  2011-09-27
        supplementalInformation:  Submission Package ID: GAGWD8
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1730 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
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                fees:  In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
                orderingInstructions:  Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
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                description:  NCEI Accession 0281744 v1.1 was published.
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                  DateTime:  2023-08-18T18:00:06Z
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                description:  Parameter or Variable: WATER TEMPERATURE (measured); Units: degrees C; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at a rate of ~30m/minute, and ~50m/minute below ~150 meters depth. Profiles were collected on the downcast using dual SeaBird temperature sensors calibrated to ITS-90 temperature.; Data Quality Method: Data were processed and calibrations applied using SeaBird Seasoft software and pre- and post-cruise calibration data. Post-processing at PMEL included filtering extreme outliers and extrapolation of top 3-10 meters to the surface. Each cast was visually reviewed for reasonableness, density inversions (greater than 0.02 sigma-t) caused by spurious measurements, and comparison of dual temperature and conductivity sensor data. Profile data were bin-averaged to 1 meter..
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: SALINITY (measured); Units: psu; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at a rate of ~30m/minute, and ~50m/minute below ~150 meters depth. Profiles were collected on the downcast using dual Seabird conductivity probes. Bottle salt samples were collected every second or third cast for calibration. Salinity was calculated (PSS-78), from conductivity and temperature (ITS90).; Data Quality Method: Data were processed and calibrations applied using SeaBird Seasoft software and pre- and post-cruise calibration data. Post-processing at PMEL included filtering extreme outliers and extrapolation of top 3-10 meters to the surface. Each cast was visually reviewed for reasonableness, density inversions (greater than 0.02 sigma-t) caused by spurious measurements, and comparison of dual sensor data. Profile data were bin-averaged to 1 meter..
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: SIGMA-T (calculated); Units: kg/m^3; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Sigma-T was calculated from primary salinity and temperature data using SeaBird Seasoft processing software.; Data Quality Method: See descriptions for temperature and salinity data. Post-processing at PMEL includes filtering extreme outliers and extrapolation of top 3-10 meters to the surface. Each cast is visually reviewed for reasonableness, density inversions (greater than 0.02 sigma-t) caused by spurious measurements, and comparison of dual temperature and salinity (from conductivity sensor) data. Profile data are bin-averaged to 1 meter..
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Oxygen Concentration (measured); Units: micromole/kilogram; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: SeaBird SBE43 Dissolved Oxygen Sensor; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD. At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at a rate of ~30m/minute, and ~50m/minute below ~150 meters depth. Profiles were collected on the downcast using SeaBird SBE43 Dissolved Oxygen sensors. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. Once on board, water samples were taken from Niskin bottles for oxygen sensor calibration.; Data Quality Method: Data are processed and calibrations applied using SeaBird Seasoft software. Post-processing at PMEL includes filtering extreme outliers and extrapolation of top 3-10 meters to the surface. Each cast is visually reviewed for reasonableness, spurious measurements, and comparison of dual oxygen sensors. Profile data are bin-averaged to 1 meter..
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVE RADIATION (PAR) (measured); Units: microEinsteins/M^2 S; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Biospherical Licor Chelsea Sensor; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus and attached Biospherical Licor Chelsea sensor. At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at a rate of ~30m/minute, and ~50m/minute below ~150 meters depth. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. PAR data are from CTD downcast.; Data Quality Method: Data are processed and calibrations applied using SeaBird Seasoft CTD software. Post-processing at PMEL includes filtering extreme outliers and extrapolation of top 3-10 meters to the surface. Each cast is visually reviewed for reasonableness and spurious measurements. Profile data are bin-averaged to 1 meter..
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: CHLOROPHYLL A CONCENTRATION (measured); Units: micrograms/liter; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: WETLabs WETStar Fluorometer; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus with attached fluorometer. At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at a rate of ~30m/minute, and ~50m/minute below ~150 meters depth. Fluorometer chlorophyll data are from CTD downcast.; Data Quality Method: Data are processed and calibrations applied using SeaBird Seasoft CTD software. Post-processing at PMEL includes filtering extreme outliers and extrapolation of top 3-10 meters to the surface. Each cast is visually reviewed for reasonableness and spurious measurements. Profile data are bin-averaged to 1 meter..
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: phosphate concentration (measured); Units: microgram/liter; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle, SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: ata were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus (Seasave software, version 7.20c). At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at ~30m/minute down to 150 m (on average) and ~50m/minute below that. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. Ascent was at the same or faster rate. Once on board, these water samples were taken from Niskin bottles.; Data Quality Method: Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with sample before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany..
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Silicate concentration (measured); Units: micromole/liter; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle, SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus (Seasave software, version 7.20c). At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at ~30m/minute down to 150 m (on average) and ~50m/minute below that. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. Ascent was at the same or faster rate. Once on board, these water samples were taken from Niskin bottles.; Data Quality Method: Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with sample before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany..
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Nitrate concentration (measured); Units: micromole/liter; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle, SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus (Seasave software, version 7.20c). At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at ~30m/minute down to 150 m (on average) and ~50m/minute below that. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. Ascent was at the same or faster rate. Once on board, these water samples were taken from Niskin bottles.; Data Quality Method: Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with sample before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany..
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Nitrite concentration (measured); Units: micromole/liter; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle, SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus (Seasave software, version 7.20c). At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at ~30m/minute down to 150 m (on average) and ~50m/minute below that. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. Ascent was at the same or faster rate. Once on board, these water samples were taken from Niskin bottles.; Data Quality Method: Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with sample before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany..
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Ammonium concentration (measured); Units: micromole/liter; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Niskin bottle, SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Data were collected via CTD platform using a SeaBird 911plus (Seasave software, version 7.20c). At each CTD location, the rosette was lowered to 10 meters to equilibrate, brought to surface, then deployed to a close-to-bottom depth, at ~30m/minute down to 150 m (on average) and ~50m/minute below that. Water bottles were fired at desired depths on the upcast. Ascent was at the same or faster rate. Once on board, these water samples were taken from Niskin bottles.; Data Quality Method: Nutrient samples were analyzed according to the methods of Gordon, et al. Samples were collected in 50 ml high-density polyethylene bottles that were rinsed first with 10% HCl prior to each station, and rinsed at least three times with sample before filling. Some samples were refrigerated for 3-12 hours prior to analysis, and some frozen for later analysis. Reference: Gordon, L.I., Jennings, J.C., Jr., Ros, A.A. and Krest, J.M., 1993. A suggested protocol for continuous flow automated analysis of seawater nutrients (Phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and silicic acid) in the WOCE Hydrographic Program and the Joint Global Ocean fluxes Study. WOCE Operations Manual, Part 3.1.3 "WHP Operations and Methods" (WOCE Hydrographic Program Office, Methods Manual 91-1) Bundesamt für Seeschiffahrt und Hydrographie, Postfach 30 12 20, 2000 Hamburg 36 Germany..
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Oxygen saturation (measured); Units: percent; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: SeaBird SBE-911plus CTD.
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    metadataMaintenance:  (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
        maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency:  (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
        maintenanceNote:  Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
        contact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
            role:  (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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    acquisitionInformation:  (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  CTD
            type:  CTD
            description:  Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  laboratory analysis
            type:  laboratory analysis
            description:  use as an observation type
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  Niskin bottle
            type:  Niskin bottle
            description:  Device for obtaining samples of seawater at a specific depth Why special entry for Niskin bottle but no entry for Nansen bottle?
        platform:  (MI_Platform)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  NOAA Ship Oscar Dyson
            description:  Title: NOAA Ship Flag: United States of America Vessel Type: Fishing Vessel; Oceanographic Research; Ice Strengthened DOB: Jan 2005 IMO: 9270335
            instrument: (missing)