Microplastic concentrations in Mexican beaches from 2018-04-08 to 2018-07-17 (NCEI Accession 0278270)
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title: Microplastic concentrations in Mexican beaches from 2018-04-08 to 2018-07-17 (NCEI Accession 0278270)
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abstract: This study estimated the concentration of surface microplastics (i.e. plastics measuring less than 5mm, reported in unit of pieces/m2) in Mexican beaches from 2018-04-08 to 2018-07-17. Microplastic data were collected using a PVC cylinder. This dataset contains the results from all 330 beach sand samples, in a spreadsheet format.
purpose: These microplastic concentration data were collected in order to determine the abundance of microplastics in Mexican beach sands from 2018-04-08 to 2018-07-17.
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description: Parameter or Variable: microplastic concentration (measured); Units: pieces/m2; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: PVC cylinder; Sampling and Analyzing Method: The Mexican shoreline is 11,122 km long. Seventeen of the 32 states of the country have direct access to the sea. The national coast has been divided into five marine regions: Pacific Northwestern, Gulf of California, Tropical Pacific, Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico. For this study, at least three beaches of each region were selected. The selection was based on the following criteria: sandy beaches, with touristic activity, a minimal length of 100 m, at least at one kilometer from docks, easy access, and good safety conditions. Field sampling activities took place from April to July 2018. Samples were taken along the high tide line, where sediments and microplastics tend to accumulate. A 100m segment was chosen and marked with a rope, which was extended parallel to the high tide line. Ten sampling points were randomly selected along the line, using the app Aleatorio UX®, which produced integer numbers between one and 527 (527=100 m/0.19 m; 0.19m is the diameter of the sampler. The position of each point was located in the rope, and then projected through a perpendicular line to the high tide line. Samples were taken with a polyvinyl chloride cylinder (19 cm diameter and 5 cm depth). It was sunk until its upper edge reached the surface of the sand. Then, the sampler containing a fixed volume of sand was extracted by inserting a stainless-steel sheet under it. The samples were wrapped in foil and put into bags to be transported to the lab. The microplastics reported in this research are in the range of 0.5–5 mm. Each sample was weighed, dried in an oven (105 °C, 24 h) and weighed again. It was considered that the drying temperature would not affect the structure or composition of microplastics, as common plastics have a melting point above 115 °C. Microplastics were extracted by flotation. The dried sand was passed through a #16 mesh sieve (1.13 mm). The materials retained in the mesh were submerged in a CaCl2 solution with ρ≈1.6 g/ml. The solution was mixed for one minute and allowed to settle for one minute. Floating particles were extracted with stainless steel tweezers, washed with distilled water and dried for two hours at 60 °C. The microplastics found in each sampling point were counted and their total mass was weighted. Chemical composition was analyzed in all the microplastics in the 2−5mm range by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), in a Spectrum Two FT-IRL-160000A, 160,000 F Perkin Elmer. The measurements were done in the 400–4000 cm-1 range, with a resolution of 4 cm-1 and 32 scans.; Data Quality Method: Fragments of shells and biogenic wastes can be mistaken as microplastics. To avoid false positives, the extracted particles were put in contact first with an acidic solution (HCl 0.5 N) to eliminate shells and then with an oxidant solution (30 % v/v H2O2), to identify and remove organic matter. To avoid contamination of the sample glass and metal tools and receptacles were used, to avoid direct contact of the samples with plastic surfaces..
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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acquisitionInformation: (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer
type: Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer
description: An FTIR spectrometer simultaneously collects high-resolution spectral data over a wide spectral range. This confers a significant advantage over a dispersive spectrometer, which measures intensity over a narrow range of wavelengths at a time.
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: sediment sieve
type: sediment sieve
description: USA standard testing sieve (A.S.T.M.E.)
