Microplastic concentrations on the beaches of Holbox Island, Mexico from 2018-05-18 to 2018-05-19 (NCEI Accession 0278269)
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abstract: This study estimated the concentration of microplastics (i.e. plastics measuring less than 5mm, reported in unit of pieces/m2) on the beaches of Holbox Island, Mexico from 2018-05-18 to 2018-05-19. Microplastic data were collected using a PVC cylinder. This dataset contains the results from all 40 beach sand samples, in a spreadsheet format.
purpose: These microplastic concentration data were collected in order to determine the abundance of microplastics on the beaches of Holbox Island, Mexico from 2018-05-18 to 2018-05-19.
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description: Parameter or Variable: microplastic concentration (measured); Units: pieces/m2; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: PVC cylinder; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Holbox island has an extension of approximately 40 km long and 2 km wide and a white sand beach of 34 km in the northwest side. A system of currents resulting from the action of the waves converges in this marine area, in addition to the current that comes from the Caribbean, with a direction from east to west. The island is part of the Yum Balam Protected Natural Area (PNA), declared as a Flora and Fauna Protection Area in 1994. This area, in turn, has the international designation of Ramsar site due to its large extensions of wetlands. Its vast biodiversity characterizes Yum Balam, since it has around 400 plant species and different types of fauna, such as amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals and other groups. A walk was made through the entire beach zone located in the urban area, characterized by hotels, bars, restaurants, boats, the sale of handicrafts, and the practice of recreational activities. From this area, three locations were selected for MP sampling. Sandy beaches with tourist activity, a minimum length of 100 m, easy access, absence of fixed infrastructure such as palapas or chairs and the presence of a defined high tide line were chosen. The three chosen locations are in the northwest extreme of the island and are characterized by high (Location 2), medium (Location 1) or low tourist influx (Location 3). The samplings were carried out in May 2018. The MP samplings in Locations 1 and 3 were carried out only for one day, while in Location 2, both the MP and solid waste sampling were carried out for two consecutive days to evaluate if their concentrations varied. In each location, a transect (where the high tide was well defined) was selected; parallel to it, a 100 m cotton rope was placed (divided every 5 m), fixed at the ends with metal stakes. Subsequently, ten random numbers were generated to select positions; these were located on the rope and then projected towards the high tide line. A cylindrical PVC sampler (5 cm high and 19 cm in diameter) was buried at each random point. The extracted sample was stored in aluminum foil and placed in zip-lock bags for transfer to the laboratory and subsequent classification. Each wet sand sample was weighed, dried in an oven (at 60 ◦C for 48 h), and weighed again. The MPs were extracted through a sequential process. It consisted of sieving the dry sample (mesh of 1.13 mm) followed by flotation tests with a saline solution of CaCl2 with a density of 1.6 g/mL. The fraction retained on the mesh was placed in a beaker, then the CaCl2 solution was added in a volume three times the volume of the sample. The solution was stirred manually for 10 min and allowed to stand for approximately two hours (until the supernatant had no floating sand). The floating particles were removed with stainless-steel tweezers, washed with distilled water, and placed in glass Petri dishes for drying in an oven at 60 ◦C for two hours. To rule out false positives, the extracted particles were first contacted with an acid solution (HCl 0.5 N) to remove the shells and later with an oxidizing solution (30% v/v H2O2), to remove the organic matter. Between each solution, the particles were rinsed and dried. The extracted MP were counted manually with an optical microscope, using the 5X and 10X objectives, and their total mass was determined with an analytical balance.; Data Quality Method: It is important to highlight that the MP studied in this research are large (from 1 to 5 mm) and therefore they are visible, so contamination by particulate matter present in the air of interiors is ruled out; however, the following measures were taken to avoid cross-contamination: use, as far as possible, of non-plastic materials and utensils (for example, glass and metal) during the sampling and extraction of microplastics; inspecting the PVC sampler before use to ensure that there is no detachment of burrs; immediate storage of samples, in the field, in aluminum foil; washing and drying, in an oven, the material prior to its use, and cleaning the work area, before use, with absorbent paper..
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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acquisitionInformation: (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: microscope
type: microscope
description: instrument is used in lab analyses A microscope is an instrument used to see objects that are too small for the naked eye.
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: sediment sieve
type: sediment sieve
description: USA standard testing sieve (A.S.T.M.E.)
