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Microplastic concentrations in the surface water and sediment of River Karnaphuli (a tidal confluence river in the southeast coast of Bangladesh) collected from 2019-09-07 to 2020-03-14 (NCEI Accession 0277998)

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This study estimated the concentration of microplastics (i.e. plastics measuring less than 5mm) in the surface water (reported in unit of pieces/m3) and sediments (reported in unit of pieces kg-1 d.w.) of River Karnaphuli (a tidal confluence river in the southeast coast of Bangladesh) from 2019-09-07 to 2020-03-14. Microplastics in the surface water were collected using a manta net while those in the sediment were collected using an Ekman dredge. This dataset contains the results from all 45 surface water and 45 sediment samples, in a spreadsheet format.

Dataset Citation

Cite as: Fatema, Kaniz; Rahman, Turabur; Islam, Md Jakiul; Sumon, Kizar Ahmed; Uddin, Md. Helal; Hasan, Shanur Jahedul; Kawsar, S. M. Abe; Arakawa, Hisayuki; Haque, Md. Mahfuzul; Rashid, Harunur (2023). Microplastic concentrations in the surface water and sediment of River Karnaphuli (a tidal confluence river in the southeast coast of Bangladesh) collected from 2019-09-07 to 2020-03-14 (NCEI Accession 0277998). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0277998. Accessed [date].

Dataset Identifiers

ISO 19115-2 Metadata

gov.noaa.nodc:0277998

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Download Data	HTTPS (download) Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download. FTP (download) These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP).
Distribution Formats	Excel
Ordering Instructions	Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
Distributor	NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information +1-301-713-3277 NCEI.Info@noaa.gov
Dataset Point of Contact	NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information ncei.info@noaa.gov

Time Period	2019-09-07 to 2020-03-14
Spatial Bounding Box Coordinates	West: 91.854782 East: 91.887941 South: 22.326398 North: 22.396006
Spatial Coverage Map

General Documentation

NCEI Dataset Landing Page
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Descriptive Information
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Associated Resources

The NOAA NCEI Global Marine Microplastics Database (1972-present)
- NCEI Collection
  Navigate directly to the URL for data access and direct download.
Fatema K, Rahman T, Islam MJ, Sumon KA, Uddin Md H, Hasan SJ, Kawsar SMA, Arakawa H, Haque Md M, Rashid H. Microplastics pollution in the river Karnaphuli: a preliminary study on a tidal confluence river in the southeast coast of Bangladesh. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2023 Mar 1;30:38853-38868.
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24998-z
  journal article

gov.noaa.nodc:NCEI-Marine-Microplastics

Publication Dates	publication: 2023-05-12
Data Presentation Form	Digital table - digital representation of facts or figures systematically displayed, especially in columns
Dataset Progress Status	Complete - production of the data has been completed Historical archive - data has been stored in an offline storage facility
Data Update Frequency	As needed
Supplemental Information	Submission Package ID: 22YR0K
Purpose	These microplastic concentration data were collected in order to determine the abundance of microplastics in the surface waters and sediments of River Karnaphuli (a tidal confluence river in the southeast coast of Bangladesh) from 2019-09-07 to 2020-03-14.
Use Limitations	accessLevel: Public Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.

Dataset Citation	Cite as: Fatema, Kaniz; Rahman, Turabur; Islam, Md Jakiul; Sumon, Kizar Ahmed; Uddin, Md. Helal; Hasan, Shanur Jahedul; Kawsar, S. M. Abe; Arakawa, Hisayuki; Haque, Md. Mahfuzul; Rashid, Harunur (2023). Microplastic concentrations in the surface water and sediment of River Karnaphuli (a tidal confluence river in the southeast coast of Bangladesh) collected from 2019-09-07 to 2020-03-14 (NCEI Accession 0277998). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0277998. Accessed [date].
Cited Authors	Fatema, Kaniz Rahman, Turabur Islam, Md Jakiul Sumon, Kizar Ahmed Uddin, Md. Helal Hasan, Shanur Jahedul Kawsar, S. M. Abe Arakawa, Hisayuki Haque, Md. Mahfuzul Rashid, Harunur Bangladesh Agricultural University
Contributors	Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU)
Resource Providers	Harunur Rashid Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU)
Points of Contact	Ebenezer Nyadjro Mississippi State University (MSU)
Publishers	NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
Acknowledgments	Related Funding Agency: “Marine Fisheries Research Strengthening and Infrastructural Development Project”, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Bangladesh

Theme keywords	NODC DATA TYPES THESAURUS microplastic concentration NODC OBSERVATION TYPES THESAURUS in situ laboratory analyses WMO_CategoryCode oceanography Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Science Keywords EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > WATER QUALITY > SEA SURFACE CONTAMINANTS > MICROPLASTIC CONCENTRATION
Data Center keywords	NODC COLLECTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Bangladesh Agricultural University NODC SUBMITTING INSTITUTION NAMES THESAURUS Bangladesh Agricultural University
Instrument keywords	NODC INSTRUMENT TYPES THESAURUS dredge Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer Manta net sediment sieve Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Instrument Keywords DREDGING DEVICES > DREDGING DEVICES FTIR SPECTROMETER > Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer GRANULOMETRIC SIEVES NETS > NETS Provider Instruments Ekman dredge
Place keywords	NODC SEA AREA NAMES THESAURUS Bay of Bengal Indian Ocean Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords OCEAN > INDIAN OCEAN OCEAN > INDIAN OCEAN > BAY OF BENGAL
Keywords	NCEI ACCESSION NUMBER 0277998

Use Constraints	Cite as: Fatema, Kaniz; Rahman, Turabur; Islam, Md Jakiul; Sumon, Kizar Ahmed; Uddin, Md. Helal; Hasan, Shanur Jahedul; Kawsar, S. M. Abe; Arakawa, Hisayuki; Haque, Md. Mahfuzul; Rashid, Harunur (2023). Microplastic concentrations in the surface water and sediment of River Karnaphuli (a tidal confluence river in the southeast coast of Bangladesh) collected from 2019-09-07 to 2020-03-14 (NCEI Accession 0277998). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0277998. Accessed [date].
Access Constraints	Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
Fees	In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.

Lineage information for: dataset
Processing Steps	2023-05-12T16:42:28Z - NCEI Accession 0277998 v1.1 was published.
Output Datasets	NCEI Accession 0277998 v1.1 NCEI Accession 0277998 v1.1 (download) published 2023-05-12T16:42:28Z

Lineage information for: dataset
Processing Steps	Parameter or Variable: microplastic concentration (measured); Units: pieces/m3; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Manta net; Sampling and Analyzing Method: This study collected microplastic samples in the surface water and sediments of the river Karnaphuli, a tidal confluence river adjacent to the Chattogram seaport city of Bangladesh, a highly inhabited and industrial area on the southeast coast of the Bay of Bengal. Surface water sample collection: Triplicate samples were taken from five sampling stations (S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5) during September 2019 (late monsoon in Bangladesh), January 2020 (winter), and March 2020 (early summer). Surface water samples (water depth 16 cm) were collected using a manta net (300-μm mesh, 60-cm opening width). In brief, the manta net was launched from the port and starboard side of the research vessel, approximately 3–4 m away from the vessel. The action started to move in one straight direction with a ~ 2 knots speed for 15 min. Then, the research vessel was stopped, and the manta net was taken out of the water. The net was rinsed thoroughly from the outer side of the net with clean water from the vessel water reservoir. The manta net was rinsed in the mouth to the cod-end direction to concentrate all particles adhered to the net into the cod-end. After that, the cod-end was removed carefully, and the sample in the cod-end was sieved through a 300-μm mesh sieve. The cod-end was rinsed thoroughly from the outer side, and the rest of the sample was poured through the sieve. With the use of a funnel, the sieve was rinsed into a glass jar using 70% ethanol. The use of 70% ethanol is important to preserve the sample. Besides, in the step of visual inspection of the sample, ethanol helps to discolor the organisms; hence, colorful plastics become easier to find. Then, the samples were processed in the laboratory of the Interdisciplinary Institute for Food Security (IIFS), Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh. Separation of MPs (< 5 mm) from water samples was done according to Masura et al. (2015) with slight modifications. Briefly, water samples were filtered with a sieve (0.3 mm). Sieved samples were taken in 500-mL beakers and dried in an oven (Genlab OV/200/F/DI, England) at 90 °C for 24 h. Then 20 mL of 0.05 M ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) solution was poured into each beaker. Afterward, 20 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was mixed and kept mixtures at room temperature for about 5 min. Then the mixtures were heated at 75 °C on a hotplate (AM4, Velp Scientifica, Italy) until gas bubbles appeared. Six grams of salt (NaCl) was added per 20 mL of the sample during heating to enhance the density of the wet peroxide oxidation (WPO) solution (~ 5 M). Afterward, the WPO solution was carefully poured into the density separator with 700 mL of filtered ZnCl2 (1.5 g cm−3) solution, covered with aluminum foil, and kept overnight to settle down. ZnCl2 solution was used because ZnCl2 was estimated as an effective and comparatively inexpensive floatation media, enabling the floatation of dense polymers. With the help of a vacuum pump, the solution obtained from the density separator was filtered with cellulose nitrate filter paper (47 mm diameter and 5 μm pore size). Then the filtrate was examined under the microscope (Olympus CX41 with camera DP22, Japan) to identify potential MPs. Sediment sample collection and separation of MPs from sediment samples: Sediment samples were collected by an Ekman dredge with three replicates per station during September 2019 (late monsoon in Bangladesh), January 2020 (winter), and March 2020 (early summer) and stored in glass jars. The separation of MPs from sediment samples was performed according to Masura et al. (2015). In brief, wet sediment samples (400 g) were taken in a 1-L beaker and oven-dried (Genlab OV/200/F/DI, England) at 90 °C for 24 h. Afterward, 300 mL of filtered ZnCl2 (1.5 g cm−3) solution was added and stirred for 10 min. Then all the floating particles were filtered with a 0.3-mm sieve and collected into a beaker (500 mL). After that, 20 mL of 0.05 M ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) solution was poured into each beaker. Then 20 mL of 30% H2O2 was added and mixed for 5 min. The mixtures were heated at 75 °C on a hotplate (AM4, Velp Scientifica, Italy) until gas bubbles were observed. In this stage, to enhance the density of the WPO solution (~ 5 M), 6 g of salt (NaCl) was added per 20 mL of the sample. Then the WPO solution was carefully poured into the density separator with 700 mL of filtered ZnCl2 (1.5 g cm−3) solution, covered with aluminum foil, and left overnight to settle down. With the help of a vacuum pump, the solution from the density separator was filtered with cellulose nitrate filter paper (47 mm diameter and 5 μm pore size). Afterward, potential MPs in the filters were categorized under the microscope (Olympus CX41 with camera DP22, Japan).; Data Quality Method: Several control measures were strictly employed during the study. Laboratory coats made of natural fibers, nitrile gloves, and face masks were worn to prevent plastic contamination during sample collection and processing. All the glassware, containers, filtration units, and other necessary instruments were rinsed three times with filtered (45 μm) clean water before use. Samples were wrapped with aluminum foil to prevent air-borne contamination. Procedural blank tests with three replicates (per season) were performed at the same time without any dried sediments or water samples to cross-check the air-borne contamination in the research laboratory. In brief, 20 mL of 0.05 M ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) solution and 20 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were poured into a 500-mL glass beaker. Then 6 g of salt (NaCl) was added, and the solution was poured into the density separator with 700 mL of filtered ZnCl2 (1.5 g cm−3) solution and kept overnight without any covering/foil paper. Afterward, the solution in the density separator was filtered through a 5-μm cellulose nitrate filter. This filter was examined under the microscope, and any particles identified were tested using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer (FTIR). The study did not find any potential candidate MPs in the filter, except for a few fibers. The study excluded laboratory contamination because FTIR confirmed that the detected fibers were rayon fibers from clothing, not fishing gear. MPs were further analyzed (about 20% of the candidate MPs were selected randomly) to determine their chemical composition with a FTIR spectrophotometer. FTIR spectrophotometer (Shimadzu IR Prestige 21™, Japan) was used to investigate the chemical composition of different particles. The particles were randomly selected and distributed on a KBr crystal. The spectral range was set at 4000–400 cm−1, using the IR solution Agent software with a match threshold > 70%. A SpectraBase database from John Wiley & Sons, Inc. was used to detect the absorption bands of polymers. Additionally, the spectra were compared with the existing literature.. Parameter or Variable: microplastic concentration (measured); Units: pieces kg-1 d.w.; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Ekman dredge.

Lineage information for: dataset

Processing Steps

Parameter or Variable: microplastic concentration (measured); Units: pieces/m3; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Manta net; Sampling and Analyzing Method: This study collected microplastic samples in the surface water and sediments of the river Karnaphuli, a tidal confluence river adjacent to the Chattogram seaport city of Bangladesh, a highly inhabited and industrial area on the southeast coast of the Bay of Bengal. Surface water sample collection: Triplicate samples were taken from five sampling stations (S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5) during September 2019 (late monsoon in Bangladesh), January 2020 (winter), and March 2020 (early summer). Surface water samples (water depth 16 cm) were collected using a manta net (300-μm mesh, 60-cm opening width). In brief, the manta net was launched from the port and starboard side of the research vessel, approximately 3–4 m away from the vessel. The action started to move in one straight direction with a ~ 2 knots speed for 15 min. Then, the research vessel was stopped, and the manta net was taken out of the water. The net was rinsed thoroughly from the outer side of the net with clean water from the vessel water reservoir. The manta net was rinsed in the mouth to the cod-end direction to concentrate all particles adhered to the net into the cod-end. After that, the cod-end was removed carefully, and the sample in the cod-end was sieved through a 300-μm mesh sieve. The cod-end was rinsed thoroughly from the outer side, and the rest of the sample was poured through the sieve. With the use of a funnel, the sieve was rinsed into a glass jar using 70% ethanol. The use of 70% ethanol is important to preserve the sample. Besides, in the step of visual inspection of the sample, ethanol helps to discolor the organisms; hence, colorful plastics become easier to find. Then, the samples were processed in the laboratory of the Interdisciplinary Institute for Food Security (IIFS), Bangladesh Agricultural University, Bangladesh. Separation of MPs (< 5 mm) from water samples was done according to Masura et al. (2015) with slight modifications. Briefly, water samples were filtered with a sieve (0.3 mm). Sieved samples were taken in 500-mL beakers and dried in an oven (Genlab OV/200/F/DI, England) at 90 °C for 24 h. Then 20 mL of 0.05 M ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) solution was poured into each beaker. Afterward, 20 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was mixed and kept mixtures at room temperature for about 5 min. Then the mixtures were heated at 75 °C on a hotplate (AM4, Velp Scientifica, Italy) until gas bubbles appeared. Six grams of salt (NaCl) was added per 20 mL of the sample during heating to enhance the density of the wet peroxide oxidation (WPO) solution (~ 5 M). Afterward, the WPO solution was carefully poured into the density separator with 700 mL of filtered ZnCl2 (1.5 g cm−3) solution, covered with aluminum foil, and kept overnight to settle down. ZnCl2 solution was used because ZnCl2 was estimated as an effective and comparatively inexpensive floatation media, enabling the floatation of dense polymers. With the help of a vacuum pump, the solution obtained from the density separator was filtered with cellulose nitrate filter paper (47 mm diameter and 5 μm pore size). Then the filtrate was examined under the microscope (Olympus CX41 with camera DP22, Japan) to identify potential MPs. Sediment sample collection and separation of MPs from sediment samples: Sediment samples were collected by an Ekman dredge with three replicates per station during September 2019 (late monsoon in Bangladesh), January 2020 (winter), and March 2020 (early summer) and stored in glass jars. The separation of MPs from sediment samples was performed according to Masura et al. (2015). In brief, wet sediment samples (400 g) were taken in a 1-L beaker and oven-dried (Genlab OV/200/F/DI, England) at 90 °C for 24 h. Afterward, 300 mL of filtered ZnCl2 (1.5 g cm−3) solution was added and stirred for 10 min. Then all the floating particles were filtered with a 0.3-mm sieve and collected into a beaker (500 mL). After that, 20 mL of 0.05 M ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) solution was poured into each beaker. Then 20 mL of 30% H2O2 was added and mixed for 5 min. The mixtures were heated at 75 °C on a hotplate (AM4, Velp Scientifica, Italy) until gas bubbles were observed. In this stage, to enhance the density of the WPO solution (~ 5 M), 6 g of salt (NaCl) was added per 20 mL of the sample. Then the WPO solution was carefully poured into the density separator with 700 mL of filtered ZnCl2 (1.5 g cm−3) solution, covered with aluminum foil, and left overnight to settle down. With the help of a vacuum pump, the solution from the density separator was filtered with cellulose nitrate filter paper (47 mm diameter and 5 μm pore size). Afterward, potential MPs in the filters were categorized under the microscope (Olympus CX41 with camera DP22, Japan).; Data Quality Method: Several control measures were strictly employed during the study. Laboratory coats made of natural fibers, nitrile gloves, and face masks were worn to prevent plastic contamination during sample collection and processing. All the glassware, containers, filtration units, and other necessary instruments were rinsed three times with filtered (45 μm) clean water before use. Samples were wrapped with aluminum foil to prevent air-borne contamination. Procedural blank tests with three replicates (per season) were performed at the same time without any dried sediments or water samples to cross-check the air-borne contamination in the research laboratory. In brief, 20 mL of 0.05 M ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) solution and 20 mL of 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were poured into a 500-mL glass beaker. Then 6 g of salt (NaCl) was added, and the solution was poured into the density separator with 700 mL of filtered ZnCl2 (1.5 g cm−3) solution and kept overnight without any covering/foil paper. Afterward, the solution in the density separator was filtered through a 5-μm cellulose nitrate filter. This filter was examined under the microscope, and any particles identified were tested using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer (FTIR). The study did not find any potential candidate MPs in the filter, except for a few fibers. The study excluded laboratory contamination because FTIR confirmed that the detected fibers were rayon fibers from clothing, not fishing gear. MPs were further analyzed (about 20% of the candidate MPs were selected randomly) to determine their chemical composition with a FTIR spectrophotometer. FTIR spectrophotometer (Shimadzu IR Prestige 21™, Japan) was used to investigate the chemical composition of different particles. The particles were randomly selected and distributed on a KBr crystal. The spectral range was set at 4000–400 cm−1, using the IR solution Agent software with a match threshold > 70%. A SpectraBase database from John Wiley & Sons, Inc. was used to detect the absorption bands of polymers. Additionally, the spectra were compared with the existing literature..
Parameter or Variable: microplastic concentration (measured); Units: pieces kg-1 d.w.; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Ekman dredge.

Acquisition Information (collection)
Instrument	dredge Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer Manta net sediment sieve

Last Modified: 2023-07-09T17:20:03Z
For questions about the information on this page, please email: ncei.info@noaa.gov

Microplastic concentrations in the surface water and sediment of River Karnaphuli (a tidal confluence river in the southeast coast of Bangladesh) collected from 2019-09-07 to 2020-03-14 (NCEI Accession 0277998)

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