Pelagic distribution of microplastics collected from RV Pelagia in the North Atlantic Ocean from 2020-11-06 to 2020-11-29 (NCEI Accession 0276265)
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title: Pelagic distribution of microplastics collected from RV Pelagia in the North Atlantic Ocean from 2020-11-06 to 2020-11-29 (NCEI Accession 0276265)
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abstract: This study was carried out to estimate the pelagic microplastics (plastics from size 0.5mm to 5mm, reported in unit of pieces/m^3) concentration in the North Atlantic Ocean. Microplastics data was collected from 2020-11-06 to 2020-11-29 aboard RV Pelagia, using a manta net. This dataset contains the results from all 36 sampling efforts, in a spreadsheet format.
purpose: These data were collected in order to determine the pelagic microplastics concentrations in the North Atlantic Ocean during 2020-11-06 to 2020-11-29
credit: Related Funding Agency: European Research Council (ERC-CoG Grant No. 772923, project VORTEX)
credit: Related Funding Agency: The Ocean Cleanup Foundation
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title: Egger M, Schilt B, Wolter H, Mani T, de Vries R, Zettler E, Niemann H. Pelagic distribution of plastic debris (>500 µm) and marine organisms in the upper layer of the North Atlantic Ocean. Scientific Reports. 2022 Aug 11;12:13465.
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description: Parameter or Variable: MICROPLASTIC CONCENTRATION (measured); Units: pieces/m3; Observation Category: in situ; Sampling Instrument: Manta net; Sampling and Analyzing Method: Pelagic microplastics (from size 0.5mm to 5mm) concentrations were collected onboard RV Pelagia during the 64PE480 Expedition in November 2020. Samples were taken at twelve stations along a cruise transect from the Azores (Ponta Delgada, São Miguel) to the Netherlands (Texel) across the eastern portion of the North Atlantic subtropical gyre. The ocean surface was sampled with a Manta trawl (Ocean Instruments, Inc., Fall City, USA) deployed from the starboard crane (to avoid potential contamination from the vessel), sailing at around 1.5 knots. The Manta trawl mouth area was 90 cm × 15 cm (width × height), and the net mesh size was 500 μm (square). Three consecutive trawls, each 20 min in duration, were performed and towed distance was recorded using a mechanical flow meter (General Oceanics, Inc.). After each deployment, the net was rinsed from the outside with seawater and the cod-end (333 μm mesh size) was removed, sealed with staples, placed in a zip-lock bag, wrapped in aluminum foil, and stored frozen (− 18 °C) until further analysis in the onshore laboratory. The average trawling distance (± 1 standard deviation) for each Manta trawl deployment was 0.96 ± 0.12 km. All samples were analyzed using the same analytical protocol as previously published literature to enable comparability with previous research in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean. Briefly, each Manta trawl sample was thawed then washed into a sieve tower comprising four round stainless-steel sieves (diameter: 29 cm; mesh sizes: 15 mm, 5 mm, 1.5 mm and 0.5 mm, all square). The individual sieves were then placed into round aluminum tins (356 mm diameter, 76 mm height) filled with filtered seawater (< 1 μm) from the North Atlantic Ocean. Multiple LED lights were placed over the sieves from various angles to ensure good lighting conditions, which is particularly important for detecting small microplastics. Subsequently, all particles were identified with the naked eye and hand-picked individually using stainless-steel tweezers. The widest particle dimension was measured with a ruler. Once counted and categorized, the plastic objects were washed with water purified by reverse osmosis, transferred to aluminum dishes, dried at 65 °C for 3.45 h, and weighed using an OHAUS Explorer EX324M scale. Considering that most fragments > 500 μm are visible to the naked eye using good light conditions and that plastic microfibers were not part of the scope of our study, it is unlikely that a significant fraction of non-microfiber microplastics > 500 μm was missed using the methods applied here.; Data Quality Method: The particles extracted from the Manta trawl samples were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy (Agiltron, Inc., PeakSeeker PEK-785 and Thermo Scientific DXR3) to identify the corresponding plastic polymer types. Particles that could not initially be identified were analyzed once more by the ThermoFisher Raman microscope, and resulting spectra were scored using the OMNIC Spectra software against both in-house and provided polymer libraries (Raman Polymer Spectral Library, Thermo Scientific Catalog number: 834–014,101). For all spectra, a minimum match of 75% was used to positively identify the polymer. The numerical concentrations of plastic items measured by each Manta trawl net tow were corrected for wind-induced turbulent mixing. Furthermore, the detection limit was defined as a minimum of one particle collected by the trawl. Measures taken to minimize contamination during sampling and sample processing are as follows. To minimize contamination with plastic fragments, standard non-plastic laboratory and fieldwork equipment such as metal and glass were used whenever possible, and the samples always remained covered with aluminum foil when not in use. Furthermore, all nets and all cod-ends were thoroughly rinsed from the outside prior to each deployment and carefully inspected for the presence of (micro)plastic particles. The Manta trawl was stored rolled up and closed between uses. The seawater (taken from the North Atlantic Ocean) used in the laboratory was filtered through a sequence of filters (< 20 μm, < 5 μm, < 1 μm) and all laboratory equipment (sieves, tweezers, aluminum tins and dishes) was thoroughly rinsed and carefully inspected for cleanliness prior to each use. Contamination by fibers broken off the nylon nets can be excluded as we did not observe any nylon fibers in the cod-end samples. Furthermore, we did not include any microfibers in our analyses, as these fibers typically pass through the trawling nets deployed here. Thus, possible contamination with airborne synthetic fibers (a major source of microplastic contamination) does not impact our results. To evaluate potential plastic contamination during sampling with the Manta trawl, we performed a total of 2 pre- and 9 post-deployment blanks. Pre-deployment blanks were done by trawling the Manta trawl for 4-6 minutes without a cod-end, then attaching a fresh cod-end to the net and hosing it down from the outside. Post-deployment blanks were done by attaching a new cod-end to a Manta trawl that had just been sampled and by subsequently rinsing the net down again into the new cod-end..
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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acquisitionInformation: (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
instrument: (MI_Instrument)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: Manta net
type: Manta net
description: Manta net is a small, easily manageable net designed to sample plankton or microplastics located in the first few centimeters of the water column.
platform: (MI_Platform)
identifier: (MD_Identifier)
code: R/V Pelagia
description: R/V BUILT 1991
instrument: (missing)
