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Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), pH on total scale, partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methane (CH4), nutrients, dissolved oxygen, water temperature, salinity and other measurements collected from discrete samples and profile observations at Indian Point Aquaculture Site from 2018-05-14 to 2019-09-27 (NCEI Accession 0240809)


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            title:  Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), pH on total scale, partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methane (CH4), nutrients, dissolved oxygen, water temperature, salinity and other measurements collected from discrete samples and profile observations at Indian Point Aquaculture Site from 2018-05-14 to 2019-09-27 (NCEI Accession 0240809)
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                date:  2021-09-02
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                  Anchor:  DOI 10.25921/7j1p-4287
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/person/details/5475 Reid Steele
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                  Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/953 Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada; Marine Environmental Data Section (MEDS)
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        abstract:  This dataset includes discrete sample and profile data collected in Indian Point Aquaculture Site from 2018-05-14 to 2019-09-27. The Ocean Acidification condition was monitored at Indian Point Marine Farms Ltd. in Nova Scotia. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), pH on total scale, partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methane (CH4), nutrients, dissolved oxygen, water temperature, salinity and other measurements were measured from water samples at 1m; 5m and 16m every two weeks from May to November in 2018 and March to October in 2019 before ice shut down the operation. Although the malfunction of the instruments occurred; high temporal variation driven by vertical mixing and biological processes were observed.
        purpose:  To study the extreme redox chemistry caused by the anoxic condition in the marine coastal area.
        credit:  Funding Information: Government of Canada: Fisheries and Oceans Canada (Aquatic Climate Change Adaptation Services Program (ACCASP), 881-15K-96036)
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                    date:  2021-08-27
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              Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/datatype/details/588 DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC)
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            keyword:  ALKALI
            keyword:  CH4
            keyword:  CTDOXY
            keyword:  CTDSAL
            keyword:  CTDTMP
            keyword:  PH_TOT
            keyword:  SILCAT, NITRIT, PHSPHT, NO2+NO3
            keyword:  TCARBN
            keyword:  pCO2
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/79f76e22-ae42-450d-8bed-d05a800f6ea0 AUTOANALYZER > AUTOANALYZER
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/7aecabfb-0047-484f-8396-efc0da16bc20 CO2 ANALYZERS > CO2 ANALYZERS
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/01cc0beb-7c9a-40ed-ad86-0661b41aee53 CTD > Conductivity, Temperature, Depth
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/b79c7e06-cd07-442f-bf12-2019cd71c201 NISKIN BOTTLES
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/5c38595e-5e7d-4513-9f0e-aa9b5f6b139f PH METERS > PH METERS
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              Anchor:  https://gcmd.earthdata.nasa.gov/kms/concept/a4202721-0cba-4fa1-853f-890f146b04f9 OCEAN > ATLANTIC OCEAN > NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN
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                title:  Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) Location Keywords
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            keyword:  North Atlantic Ocean
            keyword:  Scotian Shelf
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            otherConstraints:  Cite as: Azetsu-Scott, Kumiko; Punshon, Stephen (2021). Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity (TA), pH on total scale, partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), methane (CH4), nutrients, dissolved oxygen, water temperature, salinity and other measurements collected from discrete samples and profile observations at Indian Point Aquaculture Site from 2018-05-14 to 2019-09-27 (NCEI Accession 0240809). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/7j1p-4287. Accessed [date].
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                      Anchor:  https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1730 US DOC; NOAA; NESDIS; National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
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                description:  NCEI Accession 0240809 v1.1 was published.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2021-09-02T19:36:12Z
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                description:  Parameter or Variable: Dissolved Inorganic Carbon; Abbreviation: TCARBN; Unit: umol / kg; Observation type: discrete; Measured or calculated: measured; Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: Niskin bottle; 10 L; Analyzing instrument: SOMMA with UIC 5011 coulometer; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Seawater samples were collected from standard depths in 500 mL borosilicate glass reagent bottles. Five mL of water was removed to allow room for thermal expansion and the sample was preserved within 30 minutes of collection with 0.1 mL of a mercuric chloride saturated solution; then sealed with Apiezon M grease and the ground glass stoppers secured in place with rubber bands. The samples were stored at room temperature until on-shore laboratory analysis. The samples were analysed for DIC using a SOMMA sample handling system in conjunction with a coulometer (UIC Inc.) to quantify total CO2 purged from the acidified sample. Measurements of a Certified reference material seawater (CRMs; Scripps Oceanographic Institution) were used for calibrating DIC with each batch of 20 samples being bracketed by duplicate CRM measurements.; Replicate information: Referenced to duplicate measurement of CRM prior to; and following; each daily batch of DIC samples; Standardization description: Referenced to duplicate measurement of CRM prior to; and following; each daily batch of DIC samples; Standardization frequency: To bracket each batch of 20 samples; CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson's Lab at Scripps Institute of Oceanography (co2crms@ucsd.edu); CRM batch number: 175; Preservation method: Mercuric chloride saturated solution; Preservative volume: 100 uL per 500 ml sample bottle = 0.02%; Preservative correction: None; Uncertainty: 0.0015 umol.kg; Quality flag convention: 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled; Method reference: Dickson; A.G.; Sabine; C.L. and Christian; J.R. (Eds.) 2007. Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements. PICES Special Publication 3; 191 pp.; https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/Handbook_2007/Guide_all_in_one.pdf; Researcher name: Kumiko Azetsu-Scott; Researcher institution: Bedford Institute of Oceanography.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Total alkalinity; Abbreviation: ALKALI; Unit: umol / kg; Observation type: discrete; Measured or calculated: measured; Calculation method and parameters: Concentration (umol / kg) = concentration (umoles/litre) / density (10 C;S); Sampling instrument: CTD and rosette bottle sampler: Niskin bottle; 10 L; Analyzing instrument: In-house automated sampler with Metrohm Titrando dosimat and Tiamo software; Type of titration: Potentiometric multi point titration; Cell type (open or closed): Open; Curve fitting method: Gran point; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Seawater samples were collected from standard depths in 500 mL borosilicate glass reagent bottles. Five mL of water was removed to allow room for thermal expansion and the sample was preserved within 30 minutes of collection with 0.1 mL of a mercuric chloride saturated solution; then sealed with Apiezon M grease and the ground glass stoppers secured in place with rubber bands. The samples were stored at room temperature until on-shore laboratory analysis. TA in the sample was determined using an open cell automated potentiometric titration with a Metrohm Titrando dosing unit controlled by Metrohm Tiamo software. The multi-point titration; using 0.1N HCl titrant containing 35 g of sodium chloride per litre of acid; was performed in a temperature controlled flask held at 25 ¬∞C with Gran endpoint determination. Measurements of a Certified reference material seawater (CRMs; Scripps Oceanographic Institution) were used for calibrating TA with each batch of 20 samples being bracketed by duplicate CRM measurements.; Replicate information: Monoplicate sample / monoplicate measurement; Standardization description: Referenced to duplicate measurement of CRM prior to each daily batch of samples; Standardization frequency: Each batch of 20 samples; CRM manufacturer: Andrew Dickson's Lab at Scripps Institute of Oceanography; CRM batch number: 175; Preservation method: Mercuric chloride saturated solution; Preservative volume: 100 uL per 500 ml sample bottle = 0.02%; Preservative correction: none; TA blank correction: Averages between 10-40 umol / kg; Uncertainty: 0.0025; Quality flag convention: 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled; Method reference: This is method described in SOP 3a of Dickson; A.G.; Sabine; C.L. and Christian; J.R. (Eds.) 2007. Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements. PICES Special Publication 3; 191 pp; Researcher name: Kumiko Azetsu-Scott; Researcher institution: Bedford Institute of Oceanography.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: pH on total scale at 25 deg. C; Abbreviation: PH_TOT; Controlled vocabulary name: pH; Observation type: discrete; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; 10 L; Analyzing instrument: Agilent 8453 spectrophotometer with 10 cm pathlength cell; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Seawater samples were collected from the rosette in screw cap 60 mL borosilicate glass bottles which were then refrigerated for up to 2 hours prior to analysis.† Just prior to measurement; the bottles were equilibrated to 25 degrees C in a water bath then transferred into temperature controlled 10 cm quartz cell in an Agilent 8454 spectrophotometer. Following a blank measurement; 25 mL of a 3 milli-molar solution of purified m-cresol purple was added to the sample and the cell shaken to mix the dye solution. Absorbances were measured at 434; 578 and 730 nm and pH determined according to the method described in SOP 6b of Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 measurements (Dickson et al.; 2007).; Uncertainty: 0.003; Quality flag convention: 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled; Method reference: Dickson; A.G.; Sabine; C.L. and Christian; J.R. (Eds.) 2007. Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements. PICES Special Publication 3; 191 pp.; https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/Handbook_2007/Guide_all_in_one.pdf; Researcher name: Kumiko Azetsu-Scott; Researcher institution: Bedford Institute of Oceanography.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Partial Pressure of CO2; Abbreviation: pCO2; Unit: uatm; Observation type: discrete; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottle; 10 L; Analyzing instrument: SRI 8610C gas chromatograph with flame ionization detector and methanizer; Detailed sampling and analyzing information: Seawater samples were collected in 160 mL volume crimp seal serum bottles; allowing the bottle to overflow by 3 volumes. The sample was immediately stabilised by the addition of 50 mL of saturated mercuric chloride solution; crimp sealed with a butyl rubber septum then stored in a refrigerator. Before analysis; a 11 mL headspace of 400 ppm CO2 in zero air was introduced into the bottle which was then thermally equilibrated at 22 deg.C for one hour. The bottle was then shaken vigorously for 8 minutes and the headspace displaced by a brine solution; flushing the sample loop of an SRI gas chromatograph equipped with a methaniser and flame ionisation detector. CO2 peaks were calibrated by injections of primary standard gas mixtures (Air Liquide) having CO2 mixing ratios of 397.3; 797.2; 1201 and 2017 ppm.; Uncertainty: 1 uatm; Quality flag convention: 1 = Sample drawn from bottle but analysis not recieved; 2 = QC Performed: Acceptable Measurement; 3 = QC Performed: Questionable Measurement; 4 = QC Performed: Bad Measurement; 5 = QC Performed: Not Reported; 6 = Mean of replicate measurements; 7 = Manual chromatographic peak measurement; 8 = Irregular digital chromatographic peak integration; 9 = Not sampled; Method reference: Dickson; A.G.; Sabine; C.L. and Christian; J.R. (Eds.) 2007. Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements. PICES Special Publication 3; 191 pp.; https://cdiac.ess-dive.lbl.gov/ftp/oceans/Handbook_2007/Guide_all_in_one.pdf; Researcher name: Kumiko Azetsu-Scott; Researcher institution: Bedford Institute of Oceanography.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: CTD Temperature; Abbreviation: CTDTMP; Unit: degrees celcius; Observation type: CTD sensor; Sampling instrument: CTD; Analyzing instrument: CTD; Quality flag convention: WOCE quality control flags are used: 2 = good value, 3 = questionable value, 4 = bad value.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: CTD Salinity; Abbreviation: CTDSAL; Observation type: CTD sensor; Sampling instrument: CTD; Analyzing instrument: CTD; Quality flag convention: WOCE quality control flags are used: 2 = good value, 3 = questionable value, 4 = bad value.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: CTD Oxygen; Abbreviation: CTDOXY; Unit: umol/kg; Observation type: CTD sensor; Sampling instrument: CTD; Analyzing instrument: CTD; Quality flag convention: WOCE quality control flags are used: 2 = good value, 3 = questionable value, 4 = bad value.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: Nutrients; Abbreviation: SILCAT, NITRIT, PHSPHT, NO2+NO3; Unit: UMOL/KG; Observation type: Bottle, discrete; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottles; Quality flag convention: WOCE quality control flags are used: 2 = good value, 3 = questionable value, 4 = bad value.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Parameter or Variable: methane; Abbreviation: CH4; Unit: NMOL/KG; Observation type: Bottle, discrete; Sampling instrument: Niskin bottles; Quality flag convention: WOCE quality control flags are used: 2 = good value, 3 = questionable value, 4 = bad value .
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    metadataMaintenance:  (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
        maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency:  (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
        maintenanceNote:  Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
        contact:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
            organisationName:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
            role:  (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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    acquisitionInformation:  (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer
            type:  carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer
            description:  measures gaseous carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide gas analyzer has often been referred to as LI-COR, because a lot of researchers choose to use products manufactured by LI-COR incorporation for their carbon dioxide measurement. The main component of a carbon dioxide analyzer is a nondispersive infrared (NDIR) spectroscopic sensors to detect CO2 in a gaseous environment by its characteristic absorption. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer works together with carbon dioxide (CO2) equilibrator (insttypes_id 184) to measure carbon dioxide in the water. To measure water carbon dioxide, water needs to be continuously supplied to a showerhead inside an equilibrator. As the water flows through the equilibrator chamber, dissolved carbon dioxide exchanges quickly with air in the headspace. This air is then sampled by the carbon dioxide analyzer to determine the mole fraction of CO2 in water.
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  CTD
            type:  CTD
            description:  Conductivity-Temperature-Depth probe
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  Niskin bottle
            type:  Niskin bottle
            description:  Device for obtaining samples of seawater at a specific depth Why special entry for Niskin bottle but no entry for Nansen bottle?
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  nutrient autoanalyzer
            type:  nutrient autoanalyzer
            description:  Laboratory Instrument Nutrient Autoanalyzer is a generic term describing an automated flow-thru system used to conduct analyses of several different nutrients (nitrate, ammonium, orthophosphate, and silicate) simultaneously from a seawater sample. For example: SEAL AutoAnalyzer 3 HR Continuous Segmented Flow Analyzer
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  pH sensor
            type:  pH sensor
            description:  generic meter used to measure pH Any of a class of instruments used to quantify pH in a water or other type of sample.
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  titrator
            type:  titrator
            description:  titrator