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title: Current calcite (CaCO3) dissolution at the seafloor caused by anthropogenic CO2 (NCEI Accession 0176672)
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abstract: This dataset consists of current CaCO3 dissolution at the seafloor caused by anthropogenic CO2 in the World Oceans. This dataset contains the main results from Sulpis et al. (PNAS, 2018). All the variables have a 1x1 degree resolution. It can be used to compute calcite dissolution at the seafloor for changing bottom-water chemistry, calcite rain rates or current speeds, for instance. Oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2 leads to decreased pH, carbonate ion concentration, and saturation state with respect to CaCO3 minerals, causing increased dissolution of these minerals at the deep seafloor. This additional dissolution will figure prominently in the neutralization of man-made CO2. Yet, there has been no concerted assessment of the current extent of anthropogenic CaCO3 dissolution at the deep seafloor. Here, recent databases of bottom-water chemistry, benthic currents, and CaCO3 content of deep-sea sediments are combined with a new rate model to derive the global distribution of benthic calcite dissolution rates and obtain primary confirmation of an anthropogenic component. By comparing pre-industrial with present-day rates, we determine that significant anthropogenic dissolution now occurs in the western North Atlantic, amounting to 40-100% of the total seafloor dissolution at its most intense locations. At these locations, the calcite compensation depth has risen ~300 m. Increased benthic dissolution was also revealed at various hot spots in the southern extent of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. Our findings place constraints on future predictions of ocean acidification, are consequential to the fate of benthic calcifiers, and indicate that a by-product of human activities is currently altering the geological record of the deep sea.
purpose: This dataset is available to the public for a wide variety of uses including scientific research and analysis.
credit: Funding Information: US National Science Foundation, NSERC Discovery Grants (Current calcite (CaCO3) dissolution, OCE-0960820 and PLR-1425989)
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resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
useConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
otherConstraints: Cite as: Sulpis, Olivier; Boudreau, Bernard P.; Mucci, Alfonso; Jenkins, Chris; Trossman, David S.; Arbic, Brian K.; Key, Robert M. (2018). Current calcite (CaCO3) dissolution at the seafloor caused by anthropogenic CO2 (NCEI Accession 0176672). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.25921/kbqy-4v05. Accessed [date].
resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
useLimitation: Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints)
accessConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions
otherConstraints: Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation)
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title: Current calcite (CaCO3) dissolution at the seafloor caused by anthropogenic CO2
date: (CI_Date)
date: 2022
dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
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contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
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linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system/oceans/ndp_099/ndp099.html
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description: related resource
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Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1730 US DOC; NOAA; NESDIS; National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
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title: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (2022). Ocean Carbon and Acidification Data System (OCADS). NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/ocean-carbon-acidification-data-system
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date: 2022-04
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description: OCADS website
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role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher
presentationForm: (CI_PresentationFormCode) documentDigital
otherCitationDetails: [accessed 2024-02-08]
associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) crossReference
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language:
LanguageCode: eng; USA
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topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) environment
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) oceans
topicCategory: (MD_TopicCategoryCode) climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere
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temporalElement: (EX_TemporalExtent)
extent:
TimePeriod:
beginPosition: 1800-01-01
endPosition: 2002-12-31
supplementalInformation: (missing)
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distributionInfo: (MD_Distribution)
distributor: (MD_Distributor)
distributorContact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName:
Anchor: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/archive-management-system/OAS/bin/prd/jquery/institution/details/1730 NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
phone: (CI_Telephone)
voice: +1-301-713-3277
address: (CI_Address)
electronicMailAddress: NCEI.Info@noaa.gov
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distributionOrderProcess: (MD_StandardOrderProcess)
fees: In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
orderingInstructions: Contact NCEI for other distribution options and instructions.
distributorFormat: (MD_Format)
name: Originator data format
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transferSize:
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linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/data/oceans/ncei/ocads/metadata/0176672.html
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web browser
name: Project Metadata
description: Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
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linkage: https://doi.org/10.25921/kbqy-4v05
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web browser
name: NCEI Dataset Landing Page
description: Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
onLine: (CI_OnlineResource)
linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/oas/176672
protocol: HTTPS
applicationProfile: Web browser
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description: Navigate directly to the URL for a descriptive web page with download links.
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) information
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linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/download/176672
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linkage: ftp://ftp-oceans.ncei.noaa.gov/nodc/archive/arc0125/0176672/
protocol: FTP
applicationProfile: Any FTP client
name: FTP
description: These data are available through the File Transfer Protocol (FTP). FTP is no longer supported by most internet browsers. You may copy and paste the FTP link to the data into an FTP client (e.g., FileZilla or WinSCP).
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
lineage: (LI_Lineage)
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description: NCEI Accession 0176672 v1.1 was published.
dateTime:
DateTime: 2018-10-11T00:48:08Z
output: (LE_Source)
sourceCitation: (CI_Citation)
title: NCEI Accession 0176672 v1.1
date: (CI_Date)
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dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
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contactInfo: (CI_Contact)
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linkage: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/archive/accession/0176672/1.1
protocol: HTTPS
name: NCEI Accession 0176672 v1.1
description: published 2018-10-11T00:48:08Z
function: (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
role: (inapplicable)
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dataQualityInfo: (DQ_DataQuality)
scope: (DQ_Scope)
level: (MD_ScopeCode) dataset
lineage: (LI_Lineage)
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Calcite Compensation Depth (CCD); Abbreviation: Depth; Unit: KM; Observation type: depth at which the calcite rain rate equals its dissolution rate, see Sulpis et al. (PNAS, 2018).
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Preindustrial Calcite Compensation Depth (PI_CCD); Abbreviation: Depth.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Preindustrial calcite dissolution rate at the sediment-water interface (PI_r); Abbreviation: Calcite dissolution rate; Unit: mol/m2/a.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Calcite dissolution rate at the sediment-water interface (r); Abbreviation: Calcite dissolution rate; Unit: mol/m2/a; Observation type: Current (2002).
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Botton current speed (u):; Abbreviation: Botton current speed (u); Unit: m/s; Observation type: inferred from an inline computation of the annually averaged kinetic energy field of a nominally 1/25th degree global configuration of the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM), see Trossman et al. (Ocean Modelling, 2016).
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Carbonate ion water-side mass transfer coefficient (beta); Abbreviation: Carbonate ion water-side mass transfer coefficient (beta); Unit: m/a; Observation type: it is simply the free solution diffusion coefficient for carbonate ion divided by the thickness of the DBL, and is computed here as a function of seawater viscosity and bottom-current speed, as explained in Sulpis et al. (PNAS, 2018).
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Carbonate ion sediment-side mass transfer coefficient (ks); Abbreviation: Carbonate ion sediment-side mass transfer coefficient (ks); Unit: m/a; Observation type: it depends on the CaCO3 content of the sediment and is temperature-corrected.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Carbonate ion overall mass transfer coefficient (kstar); Abbreviation: Carbonate ion overall mass transfer coefficient (kstar); Unit: m/a; Observation type: non-linear combination of the water-side and sediment-side mass transfer coefficients.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Calcium carbonate solid fraction in surface sediments (Xc); Abbreviation: Calcium carbonate solid fraction in surface sediments (Xc); Unit: [no unit]; Observation type: from the dbSEABED database compiled by Chris Jenkins at INSTAAR, see Jenkins (Sea Technol., 1997), Goff and Jenkins (Cont. Shelf. Reas., 2008).
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Diffusive boundary layer thickness (zDBL); Abbreviation: Diffusive boundary layer thickness (zDBL); Unit: micrometers; Observation type: computed as explained in Sulpis et al. (PNAS, 2018).
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Longitude (lon); Abbreviation: Longitude (lon); Unit: in degrees N.
processStep: (LE_ProcessStep)
description: Parameter or Variable: Latitude (lat); Abbreviation: Latitude (lat); Unit: in degrees E .
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metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
maintenanceNote: Metadata are developed, maintained and distributed by NCEI. Updates are performed as needed to maintain currentness.
contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty)
organisationName: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian
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acquisitionInformation: (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
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description: SHIP NOT IDENTIFIED
instrument: (missing)