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Surface Weather Observations Monthly


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    dateStamp:  2023-06-23
    metadataStandardName:  ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data
    metadataStandardVersion:  ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
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        citation:  (CI_Citation)
            title:  Surface Weather Observations Monthly
            alternateTitle:  EV2 - Surface Weather Observation Forms (1001)
            alternateTitle:  Monthly Surface Weather Observation Forms (Images)
            date:  (CI_Date)
                date:  2011-03-15
                dateType:  (CI_DateTypeCode) publication
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                date:  2013-05-02
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                code:  NCEI DSI 3900_01
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                code:  NCEI WebARTIS: SWO (subset)
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                code:  gov.noaa.ncdc:C01105
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        abstract:  Surface Weather Observation 1001 Forms is a set of historical manuscript records for the period 1893-1948. The collection includes two very similar form types: Form 1001, in use by the US Weather Bureau, and Form 1, in use by the US Army and Navy. NCDC Climate Data Modernization Program (CDMP) scanned the vast majority of these forms in order to fill in the observation gap prior to the time when commercial aviation began in the U.S. Many forms contiaining observations taken on foreign soil have not yet been scanned. Observations were recorded two to four times daily beginning as early as 1893 at city Weather Bureau Offices. During the 1930s many of these city stations gradually moved to airport locations. Through 1936 observations were taken twice daily; then in 1937 the general practice was to record four observations per day. The data elements are as follows: station pressure, sea level pressure, dry and wet bulb temperature, dew point, maximum and minimum temperature, wind direction and speed, precipitation, cloud amount and type, ceiling, state of weather and visibility. It should be noted that not all elements are present for all stations in this dataset, and that ceiling and visibility observations did not begin at the city offices until the 1930's. Official surface weather observation standards can be found in the Circular N manuals. The vast majority of records are available online, but some records are still only available in the physical format only.
        purpose:  In the late 1990s NCDC realized the need to host digital images of weather and climate records on the internet. As a result, EV2 was developed as a key system for providing access to the millions of original source data images in the NCDC archives. With its upload and index capability, EV2 also enables the continuation of NCDC's commitment to make more of its weather and climate data available online so that users across the world can view climate and weather records held in the NCDC archives.
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            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Sea Level Pressure
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            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Pressure > Surface Pressure
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Solid Precipitation > Hail
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Precipitation Amount
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            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Precipitation Rate
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Liquid Precipitation > Rain
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Solid Precipitation > Ice Pellets > Sleet
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Precipitation > Solid Precipitation > Snow
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Winds > Surface Winds
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Temperature Anomalies
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Air Temperature
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Dew Point Temperature
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Temperature > Surface Temperature > Maximum/Minimum Temperature
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Atmospheric Water Vapor > Water Vapor Indicators > Dew Point Temperature
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Properties > Cloud Frequency
            keyword:  Earth Science > Atmosphere > Clouds > Cloud Properties > Cloud Ceiling
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            otherConstraints:  Distribution liability: NOAA and NCEI make no warranty, expressed or implied, regarding these data, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA and NCEI cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in these data. If appropriate, NCEI can only certify that the data it distributes are an authentic copy of the records that were accepted for inclusion in the NCEI archives.
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            otherConstraints:  Use liability: NOAA and NCEI cannot provide any warranty as to the accuracy, reliability, or completeness of furnished data. Users assume responsibility to determine the usability of these data. The user is responsible for the results of any application of this data for other than its intended purpose.
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                    beginPosition:  1893
                    endPosition:  1948
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                fees:  In most cases, electronic downloads of the data are free. However, fees may apply for custom orders, data certifications, copies of analog materials, and data distribution on physical media.
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                    linkage: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/EdadsV2/
                    protocol:  HTTPS
                    applicationProfile:  Information
                    name:  EV2 Image Access System
                    description:  EV2 Information and Data Access Page. Data can be found in the "Surface Weather Observation Forms (1001)" Library.
                    function:  (CI_OnLineFunctionCode) download
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode)
            extent:  #boundingExtent
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            statement:  The vast majority of the digital image records available originate from the NCDC physical archives through the Climate Database Modernization Program (CDMP). These efforts produced over 50 million images from 2000-2011. Additional limited scanning activities at NCDC also contribute to the image repository. Partnerships with other NOAA line offices and international weather services have contributed to the broad and global nature of digitally imaged records available from the NCDC.
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  Scan
                rationale:  To digitize collection in order to make available online.
                dateTime: (missing)
                processor:  (CI_ResponsibleParty)
                    organisationName:  NCDC Climate Data Modernization Program
                    role:  (CI_RoleCode) processor
                processingInformation: (missing)
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    dataQualityInfo:  (DQ_DataQuality)
        scope:  (DQ_Scope)
            level:  (MD_ScopeCode) repository
            levelDescription:  (MD_ScopeDescription)
                other:  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
        lineage:  (LI_Lineage)
            processStep:  (LE_ProcessStep)
                description:  NOAA created the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) by merging NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC), and National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC), including the National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC), per the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015, Public Law 113-235. NCEI launched publicly on April 22, 2015.
                dateTime:
                  DateTime:  2015-04-22T00:00:00
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    metadataMaintenance:  (MD_MaintenanceInformation)
        maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency:  (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) asNeeded
        maintenanceNote:  Bulk metadata change applied on 2023-06-23. See version control repository history for metadata change details.
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    acquisitionInformation:  (MI_AcquisitionInformation)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  TEMPERATURE SENSORS
            type: (missing)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  DRY BULB THERMOMETERS
            type: (missing)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  TEMPERATURE LOGGERS
            type: (missing)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  WET BULB THERMOMETERS
            type: (missing)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  BAROMETERS
            type: (missing)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  ALTIMETERS
            type: (missing)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  HYGROMETERS
            type: (missing)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  VISUAL OBSERVATIONS
            type: (missing)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  WIND VANES
            type: (missing)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  ANEMOMETERS
            type: (missing)
        instrument:  (MI_Instrument)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  RAIN GAUGES
            type: (missing)
        platform:  (MI_Platform)
            identifier:  (MD_Identifier)
                code:  WEATHER STATIONS
            description: (missing)
            instrument: (missing)