# Northern Hemisphere 2,000 Year Tree-Ring Ensemble Temperature Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/33215 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/reconstructions/buentgen2021/buentgen2021inst.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Data Type: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: air temperature #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2021-04-09 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2021-04-09 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Northern Hemisphere 2,000 Year Tree-Ring Ensemble Temperature Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Büntgen, U.; Allen, K.; Anchukaitis, K.J.; Arseneault, D.; Boucher, E.; Bräuning, A.; Chatterjee, S.; Cherubini, P.; Churakova (Sidorova), O.V.; Corona, C.; Gennaretti, F.; Grießinger, J.; Guillet, S.; Guiot, J.; Gunnarson, B.; Helama, S.; Hochreuther, P.; Hughes, M.K.; Huybers, P.; Kirdyanov, A.V.; Krusic, P.J.; Ludescher, J.; Meier, W.J.-H.; Myglan, V.S.; Nicolussi, K.; Oppenheimer, C.; Reinig, F.; Salzer, M.W.; Seftigen, K.; Stine, A.R.; Stoffel, M.; St. George, S.; Tejedor, E.; Trevino, A.; Trouet, V.; Wang, J.; Wilson, R.; Yang, B.; Xu, G.; Esper, J. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Ensemble temperature reconstructions and tree-ring training data sets from the Northern Hemisphere over the past 2,000 years. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Ulf Büntgen, Kathy Allen, Kevin J. Anchukaitis, Dominique Arseneault, Étienne Boucher, Achim Bräuning, Snigdhansu Chatterjee, Paolo Cherubini, Olga V. Churakova (Sidorova), Christophe Corona, Fabio Gennaretti, Jussi Grießinger, Sebastian Guillet, Joel Guiot, Björn Gunnarson, Samuli Helama, Philipp Hochreuther, Malcolm K. Hughes, Peter Huybers, Alexander V. Kirdyanov, Paul J. Krusic, Josef Ludescher, Wolfgang J.-H. Meier, Vladimir S. Myglan, Kurt Nicolussi, Clive Oppenheimer, Frederick Reinig, Matthew W. Salzer, Kristina Seftigen, Alexander R. Stine, Markus Stoffel, Scott St. George, Ernesto Tejedor, Aleyda Trevino, Valerie Trouet, Jianglin Wang, Rob Wilson, Bao Yang, Guobao Xu, Jan Esper # Published_Date_or_Year: 2021-06-21 # Published_Title: The influence of decision-making in tree ring-based climate reconstructions # Journal_Name: Nature Communications # Volume: 12 # Edition: 3411 # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23627-6 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-23627-6 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Tree-ring chronologies underpin the majority of annually-resolved reconstructions of Common Era climate. However, they are derived using different datasets and techniques, the ramifications of which have hitherto been little explored. Here, we report the results of a double-blind experiment that yielded 15 Northern Hemisphere summer temperature reconstructions from a common network of regional tree-ring width datasets. Taken together as an ensemble, the Common Era reconstruction mean correlates with instrumental temperatures from 1794-2016 CE at 0.79 (p < 0.001), reveals summer cooling in the years following large volcanic eruptions, and exhibits strong warming since the 1980s. Differing in their mean, variance, amplitude, sensitivity, and persistence, the ensemble members demonstrate the influence of subjectivity in the reconstruction process. We therefore recommend the routine use of ensemble reconstruction approaches to provide a more consensual picture of past climate variability. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Northern Hemisphere Extratropics # Location: Geographic Region> Northern Hemisphere # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 90 # Southernmost_Latitude: 30 # Easternmost_Longitude: 180 # Westernmost_Longitude: -180 # Elevation: #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Buentgen2021inst # Earliest_Year: 1775 # Most_Recent_Year: 2019 # Time_Unit: Year CE # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # ## YearCE age, , ,year Common Era, ,instrumental, , ,N, ## T1 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 1 reconstruction ## T2 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 2 reconstruction ## T3 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,May-Sep,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 3 reconstruction ## T4 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 4 reconstruction ## T5 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,Jun-Jul,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 5 reconstruction ## T6 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 6 reconstruction ## T7 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,May-Sep,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 7 reconstruction ## T8 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 8 reconstruction ## T9 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 9 reconstruction ## T10 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 10 reconstruction ## T11 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 11 reconstruction ## T12 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 12 reconstruction ## T13 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 13 reconstruction ## T14 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,Jun-Aug,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 14 reconstruction ## T15 air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,Jun-Oct,instrumental,anomalized,,N,used for Group 15 reconstruction ## Tmean air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,summer,instrumental,anomalized;averaged,,N,mean of 15 training data sets ## Tmed air temperature, , ,degree Celsius,summer,instrumental,anomalized,,N,median of 15 training data sets # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # YearCE T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 T10 T11 T12 T13 T14 T15 Tmean Tmedian 1775 -0.018754219 0.092003974 0.036624878 0.036624878 1776 0.410317281 0.498567107 0.454442194 0.454442194 1777 -1.323000919 -1.281083193 -1.302042056 -1.302042056 1778 -1.699361784 -1.67929102 -1.689326402 -1.689326402 1779 -0.649332452 -0.570691026 -0.610011739 -0.610011739 1780 0.411309048 0.469295007 0.440302028 0.440302028 1781 0.018677948 0.120520507 0.069599228 0.069599228 1782 0.417832748 0.370436474 0.394134611 0.394134611 1783 0.333843415 0.439902641 0.386873028 0.386873028 1784 1785 0.101509715 0.073399541 0.087454628 0.087454628 1786 0.256884015 0.294523374 0.275703694 0.275703694 1787 1.09614198 1.09614198 1.09614198 1788 0.881377881 0.923420107 0.902398994 0.902398994 1789 0.436301748 0.589593974 0.512947861 0.512947861 1790 -0.242488612 -0.294315563 -0.268402087 -0.268402087 1791 -0.140347049 -0.097765369 -0.119056209 -0.119056209 1792 -0.130320985 -0.064005726 -0.097163356 -0.097163356 1793 1794 -0.397811232 -0.124611847 -0.26121154 -0.26121154 1795 -0.210043672 -0.094615853 -0.152329762 -0.152329762 1796 0.602917181 0.696159974 0.649538578 0.649538578 1797 0.236332305 0.275308441 0.255820373 0.255820373 1798 0.480503748 0.510760774 0.495632261 0.495632261 1799 -0.206809882 -0.202800993 -0.204805437 -0.204805437 1800 -0.371326885 -0.451582826 -0.411454856 -0.411454856 1801 -0.536729135 -0.579873473 -0.558301304 -0.558301304 1802 0.033936448 0.076761874 0.055349161 0.055349161 1803 0.549946748 0.578314807 0.564130778 0.564130778 1804 0.373379462 0.529474107 0.451426785 0.451426785 1805 0.333586748 0.283698744 0.308642746 0.308642746 1806 -0.379477019 -0.459276426 -0.419376722 -0.419376722 1807 0.111249415 0.116839874 0.114044644 0.114044644 1808 -0.028737585 0.013085344 -0.007826121 -0.007826121 1809 -0.711514585 -0.652807359 -0.682160972 -0.682160972 1810 -1.299208752 -1.268553193 -1.283880972 -1.283880972 1811 -0.551816719 -0.465091617 -0.508454168 -0.508454168 1812 -0.189616652 -0.157819926 -0.173718289 -0.173718289 1813 -0.496479952 -0.398191243 -0.447335597 -0.447335597 1814 -0.987151152 -0.908183193 -0.947667172 -0.947667172 1815 -0.806436819 -0.725629636 -0.766033227 -0.766033227 1816 -1.665547419 -1.616603859 -1.641075639 -1.641075639 1817 -1.459794885 -1.443208459 -1.451501672 -1.451501672 1818 -0.145414652 -0.000236259 -0.072825456 -0.072825456 1819 -0.766854919 -0.583682759 -0.675268839 -0.675268839 1820 -0.675505769 -0.671081883 -0.673293826 -0.673293826 1821 -1.026547452 -1.021278059 -1.023912756 -1.023912756 1822 -0.323006432 -0.367608893 -0.345307662 -0.345307662 1823 -0.164700385 -0.048748793 -0.106724589 -0.106724589 1824 -0.061026502 -0.003818079 -0.032422291 -0.032422291 1825 -0.376675252 -0.300547326 -0.338611289 -0.338611289 1826 0.027514465 0.159887641 0.093701053 0.093701053 1827 0.125641581 0.153108441 0.139375011 0.139375011 1828 0.149741785 0.173148477 0.161445131 0.161445131 1829 -0.470529985 -0.429716356 -0.450123171 -0.450123171 1830 -0.236508152 -0.260294259 -0.248401206 -0.248401206 1831 -0.832950019 -0.804949259 -0.818949639 -0.818949639 1832 -1.341703419 -1.383801859 -1.362752639 -1.362752639 1833 -0.752095519 -0.775523659 -0.763809589 -0.763809589 1834 -0.443811152 -0.416032493 -0.429921822 -0.429921822 1835 -1.548173085 -1.535312526 -1.541742806 -1.541742806 1836 -1.380067752 -1.388524859 -1.384296306 -1.384296306 1837 -1.257323219 -1.296142259 -1.276732739 -1.276732739 1838 -0.509313919 -0.452837426 -0.481075672 -0.481075672 1839 -0.059776185 0.021673807 -0.026531596 -0.021544658 -0.026531596 1840 -0.284189649 -0.231275276 -0.292779117 -0.26941468 -0.284189649 1841 -0.269542992 -0.160679359 -0.305730739 -0.245317697 -0.269542992 1842 -0.909507252 -0.838022759 -0.446496431 -0.731342147 -0.838022759 1843 -0.813401452 -0.743978993 -0.85766789 -0.805016112 -0.813401452 1844 -0.798617119 -0.790193426 -0.608273899 -0.732361481 -0.790193426 1845 -0.410612385 -0.361011759 -0.385812072 -0.385812072 1846 0.165121238 0.299070274 0.232095756 0.232095756 1847 -0.564517719 -0.503545493 -0.419056633 -0.495706615 -0.503545493 1848 -0.379919452 -0.334891659 -0.357405556 -0.357405556 1849 -0.356346185 -0.297406216 0.04060969 -0.204380904 -0.297406216 1850 -0.117602092 -0.026850206 -0.345987519 -0.163479939 -0.117602092 1851 -0.165900422 -0.123640576 0.138690174 -0.050283608 -0.123640576 1852 -0.508651119 -0.452923493 -0.506128894 -0.489234502 -0.506128894 1853 -0.050875619 -0.007532626 0.388652978 0.110081578 -0.007532626 1854 -0.288250889 -0.234312746 -0.165439748 -0.229334461 -0.234312746 1855 -0.509190185 -0.459984493 -0.484587339 -0.484587339 1856 -0.305827252 -0.335855759 -0.201299753 -0.280994255 -0.305827252 1857 -0.694888219 -0.607995826 -0.504024882 -0.602302975 -0.607995826 1858 -0.378852622 -0.325525649 -0.321016963 -0.341798411 -0.325525649 1859 -0.407239552 -0.409614559 -0.270911424 -0.362588512 -0.407239552 1860 -0.163442619 -0.174419006 -0.464903092 -0.267588239 -0.174419006 1861 -0.172956489 -0.113357859 0.306462515 0.006716056 -0.113357859 1862 -0.629961819 -0.710513359 -0.708489585 -0.682988254 -0.708489585 1863 -0.451716919 -0.436146659 -0.43605571 -0.441306429 -0.436146659 1864 -0.202868435 -0.152509793 -0.261492838 -0.205623689 -0.202868435 1865 -0.348823552 -0.377349693 -0.342461121 -0.356211455 -0.348823552 1866 -0.359764985 -0.332277859 -0.356794539 -0.349612461 -0.356794539 1867 -0.288775819 -0.292229893 -0.106005042 -0.229003584 -0.288775819 1868 -0.018645119 0.096746612 0.12713144 0.068410978 0.096746612 1869 -0.001729149 0.027901651 0.209549097 0.078573866 0.027901651 1870 0.079220115 0.202499941 0.24476786 0.175495972 0.202499941 1871 -0.092329705 -0.112050276 -0.101660712 -0.102013565 -0.101660712 1872 -0.097326255 -0.021010293 -0.237975374 -0.118770641 -0.097326255 1873 -0.145482195 -0.095070253 0.099928906 0.2274629 0.021709839 0.002429327 1874 0.005760365 0.030087001 0.122989535 0.052945634 0.030087001 1875 -0.218752319 -0.097713154 -0.193975303 -0.084040005 0.033929853 0.11007709 -0.075078973 -0.090876579 1876 -0.078317952 -0.02592204 -0.039497349 0.3798596 0.445574367 0.136339325 -0.02592204 1877 0.071010855 -0.207925675 0.089102571 0.227608583 0.175316907 0.334304633 0.08573956 0.110736776 0.089102571 1878 0.432465615 0.2096635 0.213502292 0.289130753 0.507921341 0.15871962 0.29886456 0.27717817 0.218946133 0.289599109 0.27717817 1879 -0.109128482 -0.201836404 -0.197997576 -0.149170427 -0.150612119 -0.277362109 -0.14461872 -0.13667418 -0.35306622 -0.191162915 -0.150612119 1880 -0.209558152 0.058219745 0.062058546 0.030425497 -0.098604216 -0.463872799 0.031987343 -0.013160901 0.06576728 -0.059637517 0.030425497 1881 -0.298619702 -0.04014808 -0.036309292 -0.064348047 -0.390648193 -0.565459568 -0.05832319 -0.020485339 -0.425927213 -0.211140958 -0.064348047 1882 -0.365657349 -0.26054458 -0.25670576 -0.165627367 -0.299258893 -0.836786163 -0.172682933 -0.092441833 -0.093436733 -0.28257129 -0.25670576 1883 -0.344145085 -0.19608685 -0.192248056 -0.086715527 -0.404193359 -0.493251468 -0.094402743 0.004989949 -0.150540567 -0.217399301 -0.192248056 1884 -0.881980519 -0.68632754 -0.59740725 -0.68248872 -0.714553533 -0.869895893 -1.102821513 -0.7217558 -0.366304267 -0.7309538 -0.735448883 -0.718154667 1885 -0.599675985 -0.607395416 -0.3146526 -0.603556604 -0.499241907 -0.608735059 -0.991188599 -0.501785703 -0.21981683 -0.58004706 -0.552609576 -0.589861523 1886 -0.381474215 -0.155139597 -0.20119032 -0.151300784 -0.17079684 -0.360436759 -0.537512771 -0.17946024 -0.12013639 -0.230020007 -0.248746792 -0.19032528 1887 -0.422222872 -0.02565918 -0.15681713 -0.02182038 -0.1725898 -0.408321799 -0.228681796 -0.174650933 -0.105361304 -0.257332033 -0.197345723 -0.173620367 1888 -0.281492842 -0.37840702 -0.27572905 -0.37456824 -0.374760933 -0.243654693 -0.258661393 -0.383185333 -0.088193213 -0.5508366 -0.320948932 -0.328030541 1889 -0.135083505 -0.035393084 0.037414595 -0.031554276 -0.004405227 -0.091319593 -0.250361147 -0.008528553 -0.020702087 0.024559663 -0.051537321 -0.026128181 1890 -0.257016359 -0.011160024 -0.09601878 -0.007321195 0.080721778 -0.210492656 -0.516933207 0.075223843 -0.124810217 0.048129833 -0.101967698 -0.053589402 1891 -0.408063185 -0.2240766 -0.2339439 -0.2202378 -0.320950867 -0.354075593 -0.955951684 -0.320109 -0.066245173 -0.3823885 -0.34860423 -0.320529933 1892 -0.205531752 -0.086930798 -0.12681345 -0.083092014 -0.079092457 -0.156931026 -0.341217804 -0.07427512 -0.1720636 -0.162433937 -0.148838196 -0.141872238 1893 -0.076509859 -0.119795166 -0.04788921 -0.115956356 0.046801667 0.009842747 -0.297411648 0.04845626 -0.07839201 0.053622418 -0.057723116 -0.062199534 1894 -0.175546055 -0.082328276 -0.104511458 -0.078489458 0.018349613 -0.094124226 -0.06100792 0.00800814 -0.16345312 0.063481333 -0.066962143 -0.080408867 1895 -0.402910719 -0.15669778 -0.22066995 -0.15285898 -0.2887322 -0.337731329 -0.043138061 -0.2944001 -0.1872911 -0.2452414 -0.232967162 -0.232955675 1896 -0.017614302 -0.001543234 0.17403632 0.002295576 0.094428493 0.007344824 0.27079791 0.08784144 0.149519367 0.069084683 0.083619108 0.078463062 1897 -0.028135575 0.2064182 0.10267144 0.21025704 0.0446938 0.047669718 -0.108700416 0.042045967 0.058918453 0.1160517 0.069189033 0.053294086 1898 -0.130027225 -0.00799663 -0.067138825 -0.00300017 0.051838317 -0.130425336 -0.000454911 0.043720973 0.040192486 0.007522533 -0.019576879 -0.00172754 1899 -0.343678185 -0.178293032 -0.158121889 -0.172967688 -0.22428248 -0.411282893 -0.618490212 -0.226742543 -0.090185893 -0.367240113 -0.279128493 -0.225512512 1900 -0.095536582 -0.024536044 -0.018006815 -0.021785662 -0.03306492 -0.056312563 -0.346377409 -0.031933383 0.06504225 0.002607647 -0.055990348 -0.028234714 1901 0.040606271 0.118709222 0.158005619 0.3578704 -0.119906322 0.161227236 0.344188 -0.020658169 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-0.356130573 -0.082468963 -0.055179484 1972 -0.309964554 -0.274247444 -0.40121464 -0.060989912 -0.12626425 -0.261313037 -0.39800886 -0.246721167 -0.317471259 -0.206272038 -0.252357867 -0.178351267 -0.215567687 -0.283843333 -0.453771093 -0.265757227 -0.261313037 1973 0.20083965 0.216309222 0.109946624 0.239658718 0.13705453 0.68091344 0.107584234 0.177872907 0.251957524 0.547161668 0.169082607 -0.018019857 0.194746153 0.214953333 0.016544524 0.216440352 0.194746153 1974 -0.044233852 0.025229222 -0.088186244 0.259563848 -0.13707735 0.643585678 -0.088120106 -0.052330853 0.024728501 0.157800196 -0.0564808 -0.189028 0.0641535 0.02147 0.071704053 0.040851853 0.02147 1975 0.215159443 0.263462556 0.22069666 -0.446149002 -0.024226805 -0.17476256 0.2212332 0.171178433 0.316617077 -0.08509812 0.1866934 -0.03637934 0.265379567 0.25353 -0.133438322 0.080926412 0.1866934 1976 -0.322645804 -0.280710778 -0.2506115 -0.152918382 -0.3349315 -0.067948751 -0.24594168 -0.2880658 -0.216429329 -0.202002646 -0.295010267 -0.292301667 -0.17759748 -0.282633333 -0.605470207 -0.267681275 -0.280710778 1977 0.093369618 0.080595889 0.179954878 0.066989188 0.17037561 0.078628963 0.179975156 0.09729134 0.078459074 0.150014472 0.077122296 0.040943277 0.084254247 0.078543333 0.08540011 0.102794497 0.084254247 1978 -0.364535954 -0.432490778 -0.265253014 -0.386609962 -0.1980003 -0.587510465 -0.261012798 -0.3191393 -0.537153559 -0.17420541 -0.309747533 -0.1618957 -0.491365733 -0.421753333 -0.288256607 -0.346595363 -0.3191393 1979 -0.129966006 -0.105880778 -0.049943504 0.003163328 0.048282915 -0.111921798 -0.053109138 -0.113792273 -0.156299296 0.215224038 -0.105530333 0.00287373 -0.127479507 -0.118926667 0.308439621 -0.032991045 -0.105530333 1980 0.072767366 0.075359222 0.007190054 0.102149378 0.127839085 0.105796011 0.00624507 -0.002805417 -0.000595976 0.128439151 0.00885605 0.073093107 -0.032845813 0.06658 0.101464278 0.055968771 0.072767366 1981 0.344149313 0.345529222 0.23858384 0.346295668 0.175288895 0.249343297 0.23414778 0.298107933 0.379624341 0.402468434 0.3089433 0.187007167 0.32211 0.344133333 0.330132967 0.300391033 0.32211 1982 -0.172544077 -0.178360778 -0.063339386 -0.035492622 -0.04668774 -0.037011132 -0.071725666 -0.161653754 -0.172685659 0.011414792 -0.157383784 -0.129648343 -0.1496918 -0.176776667 -0.132403903 -0.111599368 -0.132403903 1983 0.168660263 0.198629222 0.10931258 0.156043668 0.202073435 0.426886583 0.11130938 0.1670258 0.215221997 0.097059512 0.1708648 0.044388407 0.2094211 0.190703333 0.306897615 0.184966513 0.1708648 1984 0.119213265 0.129565889 0.11501322 -0.105492242 0.0608824 -0.151693798 0.12761922 0.164942767 0.172481121 -0.08805412 0.152747167 -0.01170032 0.203944733 0.13565 -0.206435128 0.054578945 0.119213265 1985 -0.07834346 -0.130304111 -0.060412948 0.141647808 -0.14356437 0.030617392 -0.048200678 -0.072771517 -0.172599936 0.284635566 -0.091194243 -0.11242307 -0.20670835 -0.121696667 0.31956048 -0.030783874 -0.07834346 1986 -0.053294937 -0.030740778 -0.0341814 -0.046797242 0.034808095 -0.287722179 -0.03575294 -0.044273067 -0.144056843 0.081774995 -0.0241908 -0.015091486 -0.091089967 -0.03869 -0.342984487 -0.071485536 -0.03869 1987 -0.057427445 -0.103867444 0.043431374 -0.323571532 0.2290839 -0.333787798 0.042780826 -0.038819677 -0.120607429 -0.406337309 -0.030785677 0.033658623 -0.124678357 -0.09423 0.248219238 -0.069129247 -0.057427445 1988 0.619917896 0.629749222 0.51827268 0.451106998 0.477721 0.386237773 0.51683926 0.5868235 0.705692307 0.453690705 0.592648367 0.325973 0.644788633 0.632596667 0.605768007 0.543188401 0.5868235 1989 0.332244496 0.386135889 0.3461793 0.323840998 0.2525471 0.107686059 0.34211604 0.360998767 0.428310807 -0.103876304 0.376447567 0.2684476 0.507377733 0.378596667 0.325193995 0.308816448 0.34211604 1990 0.467062163 0.474379222 0.51457026 0.710649568 0.43547085 0.807423963 0.52620896 0.551558733 0.459862774 0.626996166 0.513797167 0.304995133 0.561755967 0.481096667 0.623136918 0.537264301 0.51457026 1991 0.63791568 0.705275889 0.55582994 0.524446238 0.5355991 0.991003059 0.55859016 0.6403168 0.787333274 0.602519348 0.624884633 0.3426634 0.7956789 0.70505 0.631279826 0.642559083 0.631279826 1992 -0.486132137 -0.441470778 -0.32145786 -0.230522952 -0.2150014 -0.407094846 -0.31876348 -0.396601167 -0.501249693 -0.390180411 -0.391214867 -0.119873487 -0.361465333 -0.448196667 -0.448678196 -0.365193551 -0.391214867 1993 -0.062382255 -0.141534111 -0.055254432 0.145344948 0.12766587 0.134088154 -0.044033558 -0.02421493 0.002125374 0.215483203 -0.052080413 0.008324909 -0.04085696 -0.136356667 -0.20680895 -0.008699321 -0.04085696 1994 0.57599963 0.568465889 0.58294098 0.964692718 0.43855055 0.483474059 0.57194514 0.629815633 0.505849507 0.777032419 0.659576 0.349673567 0.5461546 0.56317 0.704958535 0.594819948 0.57194514 1995 0.61496268 0.628662556 0.55025146 0.219877428 0.53081225 0.659414821 0.56007688 0.616094433 0.665303674 0.488355125 0.5953901 0.442815133 0.633211467 0.62432 0.359801364 0.545956625 0.5953901 1996 0.203974021 0.228015889 0.147275688 0.394491568 0.29846425 -0.075918417 0.138301902 0.236165137 0.181320774 0.310297274 0.2774089 0.282739 0.23877688 0.210343333 0.225866293 0.219834833 0.228015889 1997 0.43105118 0.493562556 0.48938918 0.138711708 0.46600455 0.423157344 0.48670302 0.482215133 0.439698674 0.274782247 0.5038076 0.457309067 0.5197476 0.470193333 0.48008935 0.437094836 0.470193333 1998 1.021560346 0.980159222 0.933451 1.010685948 0.9497345 1.042530487 0.93190108 1.018701733 1.121914474 1.082414441 1.0229152 0.771706633 1.042899333 0.97818 0.500982034 0.960649096 1.010685948 1999 0.610457446 0.621822556 0.67407812 0.321121568 0.4872012 0.625933487 0.67705132 0.666332033 0.578502674 0.297417763 0.676482433 0.4230092 0.637531367 0.601056667 0.635191741 0.568879305 0.621822556 2000 0.701058563 0.687725889 0.7248816 0.884032808 0.5219223 0.804205678 0.72167266 0.7293321 0.700381574 0.778817566 0.730830933 0.498404233 0.696187133 0.674733333 0.731165638 0.705690134 0.72167266 2001 0.939265713 0.949422556 0.93646222 1.042902858 0.66594945 1.366514773 0.9330696 0.939977767 0.980115374 1.291964019 0.930818767 0.6318852 0.9253691 0.93912 1.130070135 0.973527169 0.939265713 2002 0.869049746 0.898849222 0.76818716 1.171847138 0.84646565 1.426739487 0.7691855 0.867277767 0.837321441 1.339504906 0.8454501 0.536535767 0.8437438 0.90492 0.68211127 0.90714593 0.84646565 2003 0.840899146 0.819582556 0.94538316 1.471239908 0.65048035 1.328120916 0.94663702 0.934836267 0.902440541 1.460496616 0.9337241 0.6530612 0.976283333 0.82824 1.372254881 1.004245333 0.934836267 2004 0.37676853 0.442092556 0.56638642 0.652420568 0.47364235 0.413824678 0.56375966 0.509280067 0.340162141 0.340314524 0.512925133 0.511241333 0.5276723 0.432286667 0.698647993 0.490761661 0.509280067 2005 0.909827463 0.938402556 1.01827392 1.037554808 0.8857994 1.182085059 1.02272642 0.9390843 0.903888941 1.032949697 0.929422333 0.7433049 0.951623667 0.938486667 1.341889275 0.985021294 0.9390843 2006 1.054391113 1.043185889 1.11718246 1.033636138 0.9510704 0.963327725 1.12098962 1.114840033 1.026473341 1.108589465 1.1223969 0.750840533 1.0774392 1.024733333 0.936976807 1.029738197 1.043185889 2007 1.087017513 1.114862556 1.09518926 1.138648138 0.82813595 1.208421821 1.09779708 1.104335133 1.163601807 1.126203843 1.084741433 0.647619767 1.161084533 1.120656667 1.168102678 1.076427879 1.114862556 2008 0.887363846 0.880879222 0.83652028 0.803662238 0.7353496 1.082890868 0.84440516 0.917973367 0.915088307 1.010415332 0.915851867 0.677122167 0.900137233 0.895746667 1.060051038 0.890897146 0.895746667 2009 0.527732346 0.447649222 0.71521082 0.598845378 0.6753071 0.686593963 0.72346042 0.5733316 0.455362007 0.730577635 0.546201667 0.5927698 0.483806367 0.471886667 0.700372735 0.595273848 0.5927698 2010 1.318496513 1.280632556 1.2289632 0.822612758 1.1420505 0.952324678 1.2338196 1.375162333 1.388261474 0.602979118 1.381831 0.8900008 1.391656 1.274016667 0.905320735 1.145875195 1.2338196 2011 1.116694346 1.059912556 1.07593422 1.112232708 0.98310795 1.292651916 1.08932086 1.105117667 1.122233141 1.05704828 1.071812 0.696940867 1.029387867 1.074596667 1.45156031 1.089236757 1.07593422 2012 1.391909513 1.299152556 1.430805 1.509481138 1.200469 1.50407344 1.4415946 1.427794333 1.525264807 1.688601813 1.398860667 0.8619505 1.431597 1.31126 1.511566507 1.395625392 1.430805 2013 1.00183468 1.042165889 1.05216322 1.353660998 0.8632747 1.263071249 1.05310056 1.0981358 1.007509107 1.343877406 1.0939577 0.7668411 1.121322967 1.01045 1.147399564 1.081250996 1.05310056 2014 0.863646713 0.918619222 0.9986432 0.728932808 0.88197095 1.162737297 1.00006498 0.9507594 0.862428741 0.935511719 0.955055433 0.875570867 1.024958067 0.913903333 1.069434678 0.942815827 0.935511719 2015 1.02042833 1.027912556 1.17004874 1.292344568 1.0372016 1.235969249 1.1747262 1.067994667 1.042904707 1.44601051 1.056465733 0.9131267 1.085975933 1.03754 1.338413267 1.129804184 1.067994667 2016 1.43901918 1.427625889 1.5419866 1.753668658 1.25967 1.58834963 1.552412 1.523277 1.493652141 1.620877214 1.507495667 1.08074 1.541855667 1.417323333 1.675448275 1.494893417 1.523277 2017 1.122067846 1.142472556 1.1789012 1.392889238 1.049952 1.097725678 1.174117 1.203470667 1.068882274 1.13145746 1.215683 0.943174667 1.187644667 1.126126667 1.362682038 1.159816464 1.142472556 2018 1.206489346 1.233312556 1.27083082 1.617775188 1.129428 1.404143106 1.273998 1.338749333 1.105104807 1.628835671 1.343739667 0.8975285 1.293920333 1.200726667 1.540164164 1.298983077 1.273998 2019 1.135864731 1.102179222 1.20601568 1.279972858 1.184775 1.560243392 1.21673622 1.214369 1.195814488 1.54377609 1.178383667 1.047786667 1.204301 1.09906 1.199548821 1.224588456 1.199548821