# Gut - Schmerikon-Bannwald - PCAB - ITRDB SWIT368 #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/28570 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-tree-28570.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Tree Ring # # Dataset_DOI: # # Science_Keywords: #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/europe/swit368-rwl-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: Raw Measurements - NOAA Template File; swit368-rwl-noaa.txt # # Related_Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/europe/swit368.rwl # Related_Online_Description: RWL File; Raw Measurements - Tucson Decadal File # # Supplemental_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/correlation-stats/swit368.txt # Supplemental_Description: Text File; Correlation Stats # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-12-17 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2019-12-17 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Gut - Schmerikon-Bannwald - PCAB - ITRDB SWIT368 #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Gut, U. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: dendro-provenance study NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2020-03-09. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Urs Gut # Journal_Name: Dendrochronologia # Published_Title: Evaluating the key assumptions underlying dendro-provenancing: How to spruce it up with a scissor plot # Published_Date_or_Year: 2018 # Volume: 52 # Pages: 131-145 # Issue: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2018.09.008 # Full_Citation: None # Abstract: The pairwise statistical comparison of ring-width series is the basic analysis of dendro-provenancing studies. It is assumed that statistical proximity indicates similar provenance, but this assumption often remains untested. Especially for small areas with high topographic complexity, it is unknown to what extent statistical proximity and geographical provenance are correlated. # # In this paper, dendro-provenancing is framed as a search for statistical Nearest Neighbors. The 'k-Nearest Neighbors leave one-out cross-validation' process (k-NN) is proposed as a method for validating dendro-provenancing approaches. Furthermore, it allows researchers to consistently compare and evaluate different proximity measures with respect to their suitability for dendro-provenancing. The validation process is demonstrated on a data set of 401 ring-width series of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) encompassing 15 sites along elevational gradients in north-eastern Switzerland. Moreover, a new type of plot, the so-called scissor plot, is introduced to visualize the k-NN validation process. # # Results indicate that dendro-provenancing depends heavily on differences in between sites high-frequency signal. Mean classification success for the relevant stages of the k-NN (CSRopen) ranged from 71.8% to 79.2% for the best performing measures. Classification errors occurred mainly between sites at elevations of 1000-1198 m a.s.l. At all other elevations and between different regions of the study area, only moderate differences in classification performance were detected. Thus, the results indicate that dendro-provenancing may be principally feasible even in a small region as studied here. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Swiss National Science Foundation # Grant: P0ZHP1_162299 #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Schmerikon-Bannwald # Location: Switzerland # Northernmost_Latitude: 47.22852 # Southernmost_Latitude: 47.22852 # Easternmost_Longitude: 8.92916 # Westernmost_Longitude: 8.92916 # Elevation_m: 472 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: SWIT368 # First_Year: 1885 # Last_Year: 2016 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: ring width # Notes: None #-------------------- # Species # Species_Name: Picea abies (L.) H. Karst. # Common_Name: Norway spruce # Tree_Species_Code: PCAB #-------------------- # Variables # # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables format: shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_CE age,,,year Common Era,,tree ring,,,N, ## 322_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 322; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 323_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 323; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 324_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 324; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 325_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 325; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 326_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 326; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 327_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 327; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 328_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 328; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 329_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 329; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 330_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 330; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 331_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 331; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 332_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 332; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 333_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 333; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 334_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 334; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 335_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 335; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 336_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 336; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 337_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 337; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 338_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 338; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 339_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 339; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 340_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 340; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 341_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 341; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 342_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 342; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 343_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 343; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 344_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 344; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 345_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 345; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 347_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 347; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 348_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 348; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 ## 351_raw total ring width,,,millimeter,,tree ring,,,N,Tree ID: 351; units are 0.01 mm if end-of-series marker is 999 and 0.001 mm if end-of-series marker is -9999 #--------------------- # Data: # Missing_Values: NA age_CE 322_raw 323_raw 324_raw 325_raw 326_raw 327_raw 328_raw 329_raw 330_raw 331_raw 332_raw 333_raw 334_raw 335_raw 336_raw 337_raw 338_raw 339_raw 340_raw 341_raw 342_raw 343_raw 344_raw 345_raw 347_raw 348_raw 351_raw 1885 NA NA NA NA NA 0.68 NA 2.13 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1.18 NA NA NA 1886 NA NA 6.44 NA NA 3.13 NA 4.68 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.91 NA 2.09 NA 1887 NA NA 5.03 NA NA 4.58 NA 5.41 6.12 NA 5.14 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 5.14 NA 3.59 NA 1888 NA NA 6.44 4.79 NA 5.71 7.23 7.36 6.31 NA 6.35 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.53 NA NA 5.03 NA 4.1 NA 1889 NA NA 5.91 3.92 4.72 4.76 7.17 6.56 5.84 4.64 5.44 NA NA NA NA NA NA 4.97 NA NA 4.31 NA 3.25 3.96 NA 4 4.11 1890 NA NA 6.29 4.01 5.03 6.97 7.69 5.68 5.53 4.3 5.09 NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.85 NA 4.38 4.13 4.28 3.57 3.85 NA 5.43 4.52 1891 NA 6.53 5.47 4.18 3.86 4.72 5.82 5.31 5.19 4.67 4.81 NA NA NA NA NA NA 3.67 2.9 4.04 3.47 4.05 3.32 3.14 NA 4.53 3.94 1892 NA 5.89 5.18 3.7 3.57 4.67 5.15 3.86 5.61 3.52 4.81 4.03 NA NA NA NA NA 3.5 2.24 3.21 3.17 3.13 3 3.28 NA 4 3.37 1893 NA 5.81 4.95 3.5 4.19 4.01 4.18 4.87 4.95 4.38 4.73 3.87 NA 4.61 NA NA 3.41 3.72 2.86 2.59 3.33 2.65 3.53 4.02 NA 4.47 4.09 1894 3.86 6.44 5.1 4.09 3.72 4.63 4.36 4.25 5.88 4.86 5.35 4.81 NA 6.32 NA NA 3.27 4.1 3.36 3.56 3.36 3.78 3.95 4.75 NA 4.47 3.96 1895 4.61 5.56 5.6 4.33 3.96 4.72 4.44 4.25 6.72 5.18 4.93 5.01 NA 5.2 NA NA 3.08 4.57 2.98 2.99 3.33 3.45 4.37 4.35 NA 4.94 3.94 1896 3.38 5.06 4.54 3.23 3.3 3.35 3.7 3.31 4.99 4.33 4.02 3.43 NA 3.71 NA NA 1.9 3.9 2.9 2.34 2.78 2.06 3.13 2.7 NA 3.55 3.77 1897 4.06 5.17 5.22 2.78 3.04 4.13 3.36 3.75 5.66 4.38 4.12 3.87 NA 4.84 NA NA 2.68 3.06 3.14 2.37 2.94 3.17 3.68 3.53 4.69 3.09 3.65 1898 4.42 5.09 5.14 2.76 2.72 4.09 3.24 3.98 5.57 3.3 4.19 2.99 NA 4.23 3.67 NA 2.6 3.54 2.82 2.61 2.13 3.83 3.71 3.31 4.59 4.02 3.37 1899 3.82 3.89 3.92 2.38 3.06 3.68 3.19 3.04 4.62 2.2 3.17 2.69 NA 3.57 3.29 NA 3.21 3.06 2.21 2.78 2.37 2.65 3.13 3.33 4.3 3.44 3.35 1900 3.51 3.53 3.8 2.15 2.61 3.9 2.8 2.92 4.8 2.76 3.71 3.03 NA 3.17 3.06 NA 2.88 3.03 2.01 2.53 2.37 3.33 2.97 3.56 4.42 3.42 3.16 1901 4.55 5.06 5.22 2.38 3.57 4.05 3 2.95 5.03 2.83 3.77 3.57 NA 3.75 3.06 NA 3.41 2.75 2.43 2.74 2.45 2.43 2.63 4.42 4.19 3.21 3.75 1902 3.5 3.94 4.34 2.08 2.41 3.35 2.97 3.28 4.87 2.72 3.89 3.82 NA 2.87 2.63 NA 2.34 2.38 1.81 2.57 2.27 2.25 2.63 2.86 3.65 3.07 3.26 1903 3.86 6.25 3.92 2.59 3.47 3.54 2.43 3.31 5.07 3.18 3.83 4.14 NA 3.8 2.99 NA 2.25 2.68 1.83 3.09 2.49 2.27 2.77 3.5 4.05 3.27 3.84 1904 2.82 3.17 2.64 2.05 2.55 2.42 2.21 2.32 3.74 2.32 3.42 3.25 NA 2.98 2.37 2.14 2.14 2.18 1.6 2.28 1.62 1.49 2.33 2.36 3.33 2.28 2.54 1905 3.06 2.12 2.52 2.12 3.17 2.29 2.43 2.17 3.4 1.76 2.9 3.82 4.49 3.28 2.76 1.86 2.27 2.29 1.48 2.57 2.04 1.58 2.24 2.84 3.55 2.38 2.24 1906 3.56 2.92 3.18 2.26 3.47 2.74 3.42 2.71 4.33 2.74 3.39 3.2 4.58 3.53 3.23 1.94 2.86 2.65 1.86 3.21 2.41 1.56 2.48 3.05 3.82 2.98 2.54 1907 3.21 2.54 2.45 1.7 2.85 1.84 2.87 2.28 3.45 3.1 2.41 2.69 3.11 2.54 2.7 1.78 2.19 2.26 1.27 2.23 1.74 1.68 1.98 2.64 3.75 2.71 2.17 1908 2.86 3.08 2.5 1.38 2.59 1.7 2.37 2.11 3.17 2.77 2.08 1.97 2.57 2.17 2.43 1.6 1.78 1.89 1.19 1.85 1.42 1.28 2 2.29 3.18 2.41 1.94 1909 3.06 2.72 2.68 1.74 2.64 2.16 2.31 2.53 3.24 3.14 2.67 2.65 3.38 2.39 2.93 2.03 2.68 1.91 1.46 2.65 1.59 2.32 2.5 2.8 3.95 2.49 2.48 1910 2.74 2.3 2.09 1.61 2.74 1.72 2.39 2.13 2.3 2.83 1.99 2.1 2.32 2.17 2.26 1.93 2.61 1.76 1.14 2.59 1.18 2 2.08 1.5 2.97 2.56 2.01 1911 2.3 2.36 2.23 1.08 2.53 1.7 2.35 2.28 2.63 2.38 2.33 2.25 1.98 1.77 2.6 1.72 2.79 1.87 1.08 2.01 1.17 2.05 1.81 1.78 3.2 1.96 1.88 1912 2.73 3.05 2.18 1.95 3.21 2.61 2.97 2.37 3.35 2.92 2.37 2.51 2.93 2.05 2.1 1.96 2.58 2.24 1.11 2.3 1.21 2.43 1.54 1.9 4.11 2.53 1.95 1913 2.7 3.01 2.52 1.83 2.89 1.73 3.19 2.13 2.98 3.18 2.53 2.22 3.02 1.79 2.18 1.82 2.09 1.63 1.27 1.82 1.41 1.42 1.77 2.29 4.69 2.31 2.06 1914 3.21 3.83 2.45 1.92 3.28 2.24 3.33 2.28 3.12 4.11 3.23 2.72 3.11 1.68 3.04 1.74 3.21 2.05 1.56 2.04 1.53 3.27 2.33 2.61 5 2.71 2.48 1915 3.41 4.34 2.79 2.65 2.93 2.96 3.9 2.37 3.17 3.59 3.44 2.61 3.19 2.51 2.81 1.97 2.81 1.65 1.91 2.28 1.74 3.21 2.43 2.53 5.38 2.89 2.25 1916 3.37 4.95 3.31 2.25 3.21 2.85 3.96 2.39 3.17 3.54 3.39 2.76 3.64 2.8 3.52 1.92 3.09 2.08 1.69 2.37 1.77 2.72 2 3.14 4.59 2.92 2.54 1917 3.38 3.31 2.62 1.89 2.38 1.96 2.75 1.72 2.84 3.93 2.59 2.02 2.95 2.1 2.65 1.87 2.6 1.78 1.1 2.3 1.38 1.52 1.36 4.05 4.36 3 2.1 1918 3.65 3.33 2.68 2.2 2.87 2.71 2.7 2.3 3.4 3.9 3 1.99 3.36 2.07 3.27 2.11 2.9 2.03 1.29 2.83 1.89 2.35 1.72 3.28 3.82 3.71 2.7 1919 3.24 2.8 2.92 1.81 2.64 2.08 2.19 2.28 2.37 2.7 2.24 1.76 2.5 1.9 2.75 1.92 2.26 2.08 1.4 2.16 1.65 1.52 1.79 2.7 3.26 3.04 1.98 1920 3.41 2.07 2.37 1.97 2.13 1.94 1.84 1.74 2 2.46 1.9 1.6 2.62 1.62 2.2 1.7 2.27 1.27 1.11 1.85 1.25 3 1.63 2.27 1.83 2.21 2.12 1921 2.65 2.49 2.41 2.26 2.5 2.33 2.45 1.76 2 3.22 2.08 1.72 2.45 2.31 2.54 1.86 1.82 1.61 1.22 1.46 1.35 2.84 1.74 1.99 2.26 2.71 2.1 1922 3.5 2.17 2.14 2.31 2.2 2.02 2.17 1.93 1.92 2.32 2.33 1.79 3.3 2.28 2.95 1.85 2.02 1.35 1.04 1.59 1.37 2.68 1.7 2.11 2.92 2.44 2.25 1923 3.17 2.54 2.62 2.12 2.35 2.16 2.12 2.23 2.13 2.21 2.61 2.08 3.43 2.37 2.76 1.83 2.33 1.91 1.22 1.62 1.86 3 2.45 2.32 3.33 2.7 2.23 1924 3.12 3.77 2.56 2.74 2.05 2.04 2.27 1.84 1.88 2.47 2.29 2.08 3.25 2.17 2.42 2.12 2.05 2.03 1.08 2.06 1.45 2.77 1.74 2.08 3.33 2.36 2.23 1925 2.54 3.48 2.75 2.26 2.41 2 2.7 1.81 1.97 2.96 2.27 2.41 3.36 2.02 2.2 2.08 2.9 2.21 1.16 1.98 1.65 3.21 1.74 2.37 2.92 2.18 2.54 1926 3.06 3.26 3.23 2.14 2.68 2.02 2.06 1.9 1.71 2.83 2.51 2.38 3.11 1.68 2.7 2.51 3.29 2.26 1.44 1.81 1.62 3.74 1.88 1.97 2.44 2.38 2.77 1927 2.95 2.82 2.85 1.74 1.96 2.9 2.45 1.67 1.97 3.59 2.63 2.69 2.8 1.86 2.54 2 2.76 1.93 1.29 1.81 1.04 3.69 1.38 1.82 5.1 2.38 2.51 1928 2.41 2.38 3.06 1.62 2.16 2.85 2.12 1.64 2.08 2.74 2.41 2.51 2.53 1.57 2.39 1.89 3.47 2.11 1.38 1.9 1.24 3.35 1.48 1.75 4.39 2.89 2.33 1929 3.01 1.5 1.98 1.91 1.77 2.14 1.48 1.51 1.78 2.42 1.9 1.72 1.95 1.31 2.12 1.64 2.58 1.31 1.21 1.9 1.11 2.6 1.45 1.5 2.46 2.24 2.03 1930 3.34 2.21 3.04 2.25 2.45 3.1 2.35 2.09 2.23 3.08 2.55 1.97 2.45 1.44 2.08 1.94 2.23 1.78 1.91 2.16 1.42 2.46 1.54 2.08 3.11 3.15 2.18 1931 2.58 2.26 2.7 1.92 2.22 2.24 2.52 1.81 2.09 2.62 2.27 2.13 2.34 1.18 2.08 1.94 2.12 1.57 1.91 1.69 1.34 2.87 1.62 1.82 2.59 3.07 1.52 1932 2.1 2.68 2.39 1.72 2.74 2.38 2.9 1.76 2.39 2.55 2.15 1.86 2.21 1.44 2 2.22 2.26 1.54 1.78 1.48 1.55 3.45 2.19 1.99 2.62 2.94 1.98 1933 3.06 2.21 2.18 1.74 2.16 2.29 2.97 1.63 2.43 2.3 2.55 1.89 1.74 1.08 1.92 2.12 2.45 1.46 1.4 2.16 1.25 4.28 2.17 1.69 2.86 2.53 2.01 1934 3.99 2.54 2.79 1.84 1.7 2.22 2.87 1.63 2.73 2.88 2.63 1.79 1.66 1.23 2.22 2.95 2.79 1.63 1.44 2.55 1.31 5.08 2.31 1.98 3.28 2.56 2.08 1935 2.82 1.9 2.45 1.54 1.58 1.78 2.04 1.54 2.19 3.68 2.45 1.74 1.6 1.34 2.3 2.49 1.73 1.36 1.69 1.62 1.14 4 1.98 1.73 2.62 2.34 1.9 1936 2.4 1.28 2.23 1.25 1.75 1.23 1.12 1.2 1.89 1.81 2.08 1.42 1.55 0.98 2.08 1.87 1.4 0.98 1.14 1.46 1.27 3.56 1.46 1.97 1.85 1.37 1.74 1937 2.38 1.5 2.41 1.7 1.58 1.8 1.91 1.44 1.89 2.74 2.31 2.05 1.69 1.34 1.81 2.49 1.57 1.36 1.42 1.73 0.87 2.49 1.23 1.99 2.46 1.66 1.84 1938 1.5 1.31 2.19 1.61 1.66 1.15 1.35 1.16 1.49 2.64 2.25 1.67 1.52 1.1 1.64 2.12 1.64 1.31 1.31 1.34 1.12 2.91 1.18 1.78 1.68 1.57 1.68 1939 2.46 1.73 2.81 1.46 1.79 1.73 1.84 1.38 2.03 2.36 2.2 1.67 1.6 1.27 2.16 2.32 1.55 1.31 1.36 1.59 1.29 2.35 1.18 1.78 1.84 1.94 1.78 1940 3.82 2.21 2.39 1.64 1.56 1.52 1.82 1.16 2.03 2.81 2.09 1.69 1.42 1 2.26 2.39 1.79 1.35 1.22 1.37 0.96 2.29 1.16 1.82 2 1.7 1.21 1941 3.73 2.17 2.13 1.52 1.44 1.5 1.6 1.27 1.79 2.5 2.15 1.48 1.12 1.08 2.37 1.92 1.66 1.46 1.13 1.78 1.04 1.88 1.03 1.36 1.94 1.85 1.25 1942 2.55 1.27 2.06 1.06 1.19 0.82 0.91 0.94 1.42 1.01 1.5 0.95 0.94 0.92 1.22 2.05 1.36 0.69 0.97 0.96 0.88 1.59 1.35 0.9 1.06 1.18 1.3 1943 2.63 1.58 2.25 1.44 1.82 1.21 1.3 1.34 1.65 1.49 1.81 1.1 1.04 0.86 1.57 1.94 1.78 0.94 1.29 1.75 1.14 2.23 1.18 1.12 2.1 1.62 1.52 1944 2.97 1.74 1.95 1.33 1.27 1.12 1.16 1.25 1.8 1.58 2.03 1.05 1.15 0.82 1.81 1.94 1.56 0.76 1.1 1.48 0.95 3.27 1.04 1.19 2.08 1.64 1.38 1945 3.12 1.8 1.86 1.54 1.48 1.42 1.33 1.25 1.64 1.48 2.15 1.26 1.23 1 2.05 2.49 1.69 0.91 1.35 1.19 0.82 2.91 1.1 1.4 2.39 1.85 1.42 1946 2.5 1.41 1.62 1.52 1.29 0.84 0.92 1.27 1.38 1.38 1.38 0.75 0.86 0.69 1.46 1.77 1.54 0.49 1.18 0.88 0.71 2.7 1.17 1.34 2.35 1.21 1.08 1947 2.08 1.34 2.03 1.31 1.52 0.92 1.24 1.04 1.4 1.58 1.85 0.72 0.98 0.54 1.32 1.9 1.77 0.58 1.21 1.12 0.55 2.25 0.95 1.46 2.32 1.47 1.04 1948 2.08 2.04 1.31 1.17 0.94 0.8 1.18 0.82 1.42 1.46 1.27 0.43 1.12 0.64 1.26 1.97 2.1 0.64 0.66 0.94 0.56 2.3 0.82 1.78 2.88 1.27 1.27 1949 1.76 1.6 1.84 0.93 1.45 0.99 1 0.84 1.21 1.45 1.34 0.66 1.21 0.62 1.23 1.86 2.57 0.7 0.84 1.3 0.65 2.13 0.6 1.56 2.52 1.11 1.23 1950 2.68 1.93 1.77 1.27 2.16 1.35 1.35 0.88 1.38 1.95 1.74 0.66 1.76 1.08 1.48 1.92 2.29 0.97 0.91 1.54 0.72 2.18 0.86 1.38 3.14 1.42 1.56 1951 2.68 1.31 2.43 0.86 1.62 1.01 0.84 0.88 0.97 1.16 1.6 0.62 1.9 1.18 1.35 2.11 1.84 0.86 0.74 1.14 1.07 2.17 0.84 1.44 2.03 1.16 1.23 1952 2.18 1.46 2.13 0.92 0.94 1.38 0.96 0.83 1.36 1.64 1.76 0.84 1.82 0.82 1.02 1.79 1.58 1.19 1.01 1.36 0.81 2.27 0.88 1.3 2.71 1.23 1.05 1953 2.42 1.7 1.62 1.14 0.88 1.5 1.04 0.88 1.44 1.86 1.81 0.73 2.21 0.74 1.36 1.7 1.77 0.83 1.08 2.17 0.79 2.7 0.66 1.24 3.46 1.52 1.27 1954 2.37 1.64 1.48 1.26 1.02 1.41 1.08 0.8 1.33 1.7 1.75 0.76 1.66 0.7 1.25 1.94 1.38 0.88 1.06 2.06 1 3.43 0.68 1.21 2.1 1.26 1.05 1955 2.28 2.43 2.03 1.49 1.34 1.62 1.27 0.84 1.82 2.46 1.85 1.38 1.85 0.82 1.29 2.05 1.47 1.06 1.27 2.01 1.38 3.63 1.38 1.47 2.99 1.46 1.18 1956 1.94 3.12 2.14 1.54 2.19 1.85 1.66 0.86 2.55 3.9 1.82 1.58 2.12 0.95 1.44 1.94 1.86 1.21 1.58 2.34 1.14 3.49 1.03 1.86 3.48 2.42 1.27 1957 1.93 2.92 1.82 1.2 1.37 1.98 1.92 1.12 2.47 4.08 2.04 1.54 2.08 0.79 1.64 1.79 2.46 1.14 1.99 2.06 1.03 2.85 0.52 1.74 3.67 2.85 0.97 1958 1.64 1.02 1.26 1.26 1.17 1.49 1.07 0.8 1.95 1.78 1.31 0.83 1.26 0.38 1.36 1.7 0.97 0.73 2.01 1.36 0.7 1.45 0.8 1.39 1.3 1.88 0.92 1959 2.35 1.47 1.45 1.3 1.46 2.02 1.32 0.8 2.08 3.28 1.45 1.05 1.38 0.29 1.72 1.89 1.14 0.88 1.99 2.01 0.8 1.44 1.27 1.52 2.61 2.01 1.2 1960 2.3 1.36 1.62 1.08 1.2 1.8 1.55 0.64 1.97 2.16 1.36 0.87 1.16 0.46 1.5 2.17 1.35 0.84 1.52 1.94 0.72 2.01 1.1 1.43 2.23 1.7 1.18 1961 2.33 1.62 2.09 1.44 1.74 2.12 2.52 0.7 3.32 2.29 1.34 1.17 1.14 0.74 2.26 2.48 1.98 1.06 1.58 2.16 0.86 2.51 1.19 1.52 2.52 1.69 1.65 1962 2.22 1.54 1.27 1.25 1.14 1.43 1.82 0.64 2.35 2.24 1.27 0.66 1.04 0.72 1.42 1.82 1.38 1.12 1.38 1.39 0.6 1.72 0.7 1.38 1.35 1.42 1.3 1963 3.18 2.21 2.09 2.14 2.31 2.04 2.19 0.64 3.35 2.13 1.74 0.74 1.23 0.65 1.93 2.72 2.27 0.68 2.27 2.04 0.89 3.43 0.87 1.9 3.05 2.32 1.45 1964 2.3 1.95 1.98 1.59 1.74 1.62 2.59 0.7 2.51 2.38 1.64 0.78 1.34 0.8 1.72 2.61 1.99 1.1 2.21 1.15 0.82 3.74 1.01 1.73 2.49 2.04 1.23 1965 2.47 1.8 2.03 1.72 1.2 1.82 2.1 0.76 2.67 2.36 1.35 0.72 1.4 0.5 1.74 2.12 2.09 1.45 2.53 1.33 1.03 2.73 1.05 1.46 2.23 1.86 1.36 1966 1.73 1.51 2.14 1.97 1.28 1.62 2.77 1.02 3.07 2.14 1.85 0.8 1.79 0.98 2.16 2.62 2.76 2.11 2.6 1.31 1.41 2.96 1.54 1.54 2.29 2.36 1.39 1967 1.71 2.13 1.69 1.75 1.22 1.93 2.61 0.92 2.77 2.65 1.45 0.71 1.9 0.8 1.71 3.76 2.71 1.25 1.67 1.69 1.02 2.6 1.26 1.31 1.81 2.65 1.48 1968 1.68 1.93 1.88 1.71 0.98 1.85 2.13 0.85 2.61 2.36 1.31 0.85 1.65 0.73 1.32 3.15 2.52 1.16 1.14 1.44 1.28 2.62 1.48 1.4 2.18 2.34 1.78 1969 1.86 2.12 2.05 1.46 1.24 2.16 2.48 0.84 2.59 1.9 1.63 0.95 1.62 0.94 1.62 5.15 2.3 1.61 1.31 2.24 1.45 2.4 2.19 1.5 2.84 2.94 1.92 1970 1.86 1.84 1.86 1.33 1.33 1.98 1.87 0.88 2.55 1.96 1.64 0.92 1.74 0.86 1.64 4.32 1.88 2.26 1.65 2.01 1.38 2.46 1.9 1.64 3.37 2.53 1.78 1971 1.78 1.12 1.62 1.08 1.25 1.28 1.37 0.78 2.61 1.06 1.57 0.5 1.5 0.56 1.39 4.58 2.22 1.48 2.27 1.32 1.6 1.77 1.88 1.32 1.58 1.32 1.2 1972 2.15 1.73 2.05 1.27 1.74 2.29 2.37 1.14 2.91 1.93 1.74 0.87 2.18 0.62 1.52 3.9 2.5 1.8 3.36 1.78 1.6 2.64 2.38 1.47 3.46 2.26 1.55 1973 2.28 1.55 1.58 1.02 1.25 1.69 2.33 0.96 2.77 2.55 1.63 1.1 2.43 0.6 1.33 3.84 1.92 1.45 1.86 1.69 1.33 2.4 4.11 1.23 3.24 2.06 1.37 1974 2.12 1.18 1.18 1.14 0.97 1.94 1.2 0.99 1.82 2.21 1.46 0.96 2.7 0.7 1.34 4.04 2.27 1.59 2.4 2.07 1.59 2.79 3.83 1.78 3.67 2.47 1.48 1975 2.18 2.07 1.36 1.23 1.16 2.04 2.37 0.92 2.49 2.98 1.85 1.1 2.22 0.86 1.9 2.39 2.15 2.29 1.99 1.61 1.3 2.68 2.53 2.05 2.88 2.56 1.36 1976 2.08 2.01 1.45 1.02 1.5 2.18 2.03 0.82 2.18 2.76 1.67 1.03 2.39 1.14 1.71 2.64 2.42 2.21 1.52 1.57 1.42 2.96 2.33 2.18 2.69 2.52 1.5 1977 2 1.03 1.34 0.78 1.28 1.38 1.7 1 1.92 1.92 1.39 0.98 1.79 1 1.29 2.84 2.02 1.76 1.56 0.88 1.93 2.11 3.83 2.07 2 2.06 1.64 1978 2.19 1.64 1.98 1.16 1.48 1.52 2.87 0.88 2.19 2.69 1.42 1.34 1.83 1.27 1.86 2.7 2.73 2.32 1.58 1.85 1.93 2.77 3.83 2.37 2.78 2.61 1.78 1979 2.33 1.95 2.3 1.1 1.31 1.8 2.5 0.96 2.14 2.32 1.65 1.27 1.81 1.34 1.88 2.27 2.68 2.21 1.36 1.88 1.42 3.15 2.58 1.86 2.66 3.07 1.64 1980 2.24 1.62 1.5 1.27 1.74 1.73 1.94 1.1 1.92 2.17 1.38 1.03 1.8 1.46 1.53 1.85 1.56 1.87 1.26 1.54 1.73 4.63 2.77 2.02 1.57 2.26 1.56 1981 2.1 2.2 2.66 1.26 1.25 2.31 2.8 1 1.78 2.14 1.67 1.03 1.92 1.1 1.52 2.2 2.15 2.11 0.92 1.82 1.79 3.83 1.85 1.99 1.96 2.26 1.87 1982 2 1.94 1.69 1.3 1.29 2.26 2.04 0.96 1.67 2.36 1.64 0.74 1.9 1.27 2.14 3.49 2.15 1.43 1.06 1.46 2.16 3.03 4.93 1.69 2.56 2.28 1.41 1983 2 2.04 2 1.06 1.14 1.91 2.43 0.99 1.57 1.99 1.52 0.64 1.74 1.31 2.24 2.39 2.12 1.78 0.92 1.1 2.01 2.73 3.09 1.52 1.76 2.06 1.67 1984 2.47 2.21 2.01 1.13 1.23 2.12 2.52 1.12 2.13 2.09 1.79 0.81 1.92 1.18 2.24 2.91 2.54 1.71 0.99 1.32 1.96 3.56 2.35 1.61 2 1.78 2.34 1985 2.3 1.8 1.88 1.52 1.79 2.35 2.12 1.06 2.28 2.16 1.76 1.16 1.82 1.31 2.45 2.99 4.26 1.8 1.33 1.81 1.79 4.1 2.63 1.61 1.78 1.51 2.67 1986 1.9 2.01 2.16 1.2 1.41 2.26 2.08 0.98 1.91 2.09 1.78 0.97 2 1.08 1.98 2.87 3.17 1.87 0.91 1.41 2.13 3.29 2.33 1.63 2.32 1.45 2.51 1987 1.82 1.3 2.06 1.4 1.58 2.2 1.96 1.02 2.18 2.02 1.45 0.83 1.76 0.85 1.85 2.23 2.07 1.52 1 1.34 2.24 3.15 2.02 1.74 1.72 1.66 2.23 1988 1.8 2.13 1.75 1.51 1.87 2.35 2.56 1.06 2.11 2.21 1.57 1.01 1.81 1.1 2.22 3.42 1.56 1.56 1.36 1.17 1.6 2.91 1.75 1.87 2.3 2.34 2.23 1989 2.33 3.83 2.05 2.2 2.1 2.52 2.92 1.05 2.69 2.58 1.63 0.92 1.98 1.31 2.75 4.38 2.45 1.89 1.22 1.4 1.83 3.54 1.55 2.84 3.07 2.46 2.59 1990 1.52 3.38 2.08 1.95 1.72 2.33 1.56 0.76 2.51 2.38 1.17 0.98 1.68 1.18 2.75 2.62 3.15 1.65 0.79 1.1 2.41 2.25 1.86 2.18 1.86 1.72 1.79 1991 1.4 2.88 1.4 1.28 1.35 2.29 1.55 0.8 1.88 2.46 1.2 0.66 1.51 0.92 1.68 2.4 2.78 1.84 0.5 0.84 2.02 2.23 1.38 1.5 1.89 1.54 2 1992 2.37 2.88 0.9 0.84 1.19 0.94 1.21 0.94 1.62 2 1.46 0.7 1.6 0.64 1.13 2.44 1.92 1.28 0.34 0.58 2.37 1.72 1.6 1.4 1.07 1.36 1.96 1993 2.97 3.89 1.34 1.1 1.16 1.32 1.64 0.88 1.55 2.08 1.64 0.88 1.81 0.82 1.7 4.35 2.08 1.71 0.47 1.16 1.41 2.11 2.31 1.58 2.66 1.54 2.13 1994 1.66 3.51 1.32 0.94 1.02 1.46 1.14 0.86 1.64 2.32 1.47 1.19 1.87 1.23 1.83 4.04 1.65 2.11 1.18 1.27 1.1 2.37 2.55 1.66 2.41 1.78 1.83 1995 2.35 3.19 1.45 1.36 1.48 1.65 1.69 0.88 2.04 2.55 1.47 1.16 1.68 1.02 1.62 3.44 1.78 2.4 0.92 1.28 1.72 2.54 3.13 1.99 3.01 2 1.43 1996 3.45 3.33 2.06 1.48 1.22 1.55 1.97 0.98 2.04 2.65 1.49 0.9 1.64 0.98 1.62 5.26 2.54 2.35 0.48 1.34 2.06 2.43 4.37 2.29 2.56 2.1 1.5 1997 2.3 2.6 1.1 1.27 0.85 1.01 1.27 1 1.36 1.46 1.36 0.8 1.62 0.73 1.52 2.95 2.93 1.19 0.79 0.93 2.82 1.62 6.48 1.66 1.68 1.81 1.06 1998 2.6 2.33 1.14 1.03 0.98 1.03 1.57 0.8 1.42 1.93 1.59 0.57 1.56 0.99 1.46 3.65 2.86 1.54 0.5 0.96 2.16 1.44 6.1 2.46 2.62 1.54 1.68 1999 2.68 3.05 1.06 1.04 0.98 1.14 1.21 0.84 1.28 1.76 1.39 0.36 1.65 0.68 1.3 3.34 3 1.4 0.41 1.4 2.22 1.72 6.82 2.29 2.95 2.28 1.62 2000 2.58 2.66 1.21 1 1.2 0.92 1.37 0.76 1.17 1.76 1.36 0.58 1.71 0.68 1.39 2.66 2.13 1.21 0.55 0.68 1.98 1.98 6.68 1.33 2.52 3.17 1.23 2001 1.93 2.17 0.95 0.9 1.48 1.21 1.32 0.86 1.15 2.19 1.01 0.54 1.6 0.87 1.14 2.19 1.77 1.31 0.34 0.62 2.02 1.84 4.5 1.4 1.67 2 0.92 2002 3.17 2.51 1.4 1.08 2.04 1.35 1.79 0.8 1.17 1.93 1.16 0.84 1.6 0.7 1.33 2.55 2.39 1.84 0.37 0.94 2.26 1.58 4.28 1.62 1.88 2.29 1.12 2003 2.78 1.48 1.08 0.92 2.22 0.62 1.16 0.73 1.27 2.17 0.8 0.47 1.16 0.46 1.06 1.36 0.92 0.82 0.45 0.96 1.86 1.18 4.07 1.09 1.31 3.04 1.02 2004 2.41 1.48 2 1.1 2.83 0.72 1.53 0.88 1.44 2.5 0.84 0.28 1.34 0.48 1.23 1.48 1.27 0.23 0.36 0.82 2.02 1.1 2.4 0.98 1.56 2.91 1.9 2005 2.84 1.7 2.46 1.14 2.08 0.66 1.52 0.95 1.17 2.79 0.97 0.29 1.6 0.52 1.08 2.28 2.36 0.34 0.42 0.86 2.15 1.07 2.13 0.86 1.78 2.6 2.69 2006 2.86 1.32 2.06 1.11 2.3 0.92 1 1.06 0.92 1.5 1.07 0.25 1.42 0.55 0.97 1.93 2.02 0.38 0.35 0.66 1.46 1.08 2.5 0.82 1.14 2.1 2.18 2007 2.78 1.88 3.26 1.76 2.87 1.43 1.56 1.02 1.23 2.9 0.96 0.33 1.76 0.71 1.41 1.96 2.18 0.84 0.23 0.94 1.89 1.69 3.09 1.31 1.01 1.54 2.39 2008 3.38 1.79 4.05 2.17 2.93 1.93 1.69 1.06 1.25 3.48 1.06 0.34 1.88 0.64 1.36 2.51 2.34 0.81 0.32 1.16 2.64 2.3 3.22 1.44 1.81 1.92 2.75 2009 4.22 1.95 3.77 2.4 2.3 2.02 1.62 1.1 1.58 3.83 1.31 0.38 2.08 0.85 1.3 2.91 2.08 1.48 0.37 1.18 2.51 2.64 4.24 1.46 3.05 2.28 2.95 2010 2.79 2.18 3.49 2.8 2.19 2.35 1.48 1.14 1.36 4.19 1.32 0.3 2 0.66 1.16 2.12 1.34 1.21 0.5 1.04 2.08 2.6 4.28 1.41 3.77 2.31 2.09 2011 3.58 2.42 3.69 3.28 2.85 2.1 1.6 1.34 1.4 4.14 1.33 0.22 2.28 0.83 1.12 3.62 1.52 1.59 0.48 0.96 2.92 2.84 4.59 1.27 2.39 2.46 2.3 2012 3.23 2.49 2.43 2.26 1.66 2.24 1.56 1.2 1.48 3.52 1.15 0.36 2.26 0.59 1.18 2.39 1.27 1.21 0.44 1.34 2.37 2.43 4.19 0.88 3.07 1.62 2.24 2013 2.08 1.63 2.48 2.05 1.66 2.1 1.27 1.09 1.14 3.12 1.04 0.28 1.71 0.4 0.79 1.99 1.21 0.99 0.26 0.88 1.8 1.88 3.29 1.12 2.38 2.04 1.62 2014 3.04 2.38 2.85 2.11 2.08 2.2 2.12 1.2 1.72 3.9 1.22 0.35 2.02 0.59 1.18 2.46 1.82 0.99 0.33 1.33 2.13 2.7 2.91 1.23 3.39 2.38 1.66 2015 1.74 1.47 1.73 1.18 1.16 0.86 1.06 0.9 0.92 1.96 0.92 0.24 1.14 0.38 0.79 0.82 1.33 0.62 0.27 0.62 1.1 1.29 1.9 0.86 1.76 1.28 1.07 2016 2.17 1.69 1.94 1.59 1.53 1.23 2.04 0.92 1.15 2.35 1.12 0.16 1.37 0.49 1 1.34 1.53 0.82 0.11 0.64 1.42 1.16 2.21 1.1 2.13 1.61 1.52