1. FILE NAME: amlfr.txt 2. STATE OR COUNTRY: Colorado, U.S.A. 3. SITE NAME: Almagre Mountain 4: SITE CODE: Alm 5. ELEVATION: 3353-3700 meters 6. LATITUDE: 38 46 N 7. LONGITUDE: 104 59 W 8. SPECIES: PIAR 9. COMMON NAME: Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine 10. MEASURMENT TYPE: not applicable 11. CHRONOLOGY TYPE: latewood frost ring 12. FIRST AND LAST YEAR: 569 B.C. to A.D. 1993 13. PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR(S): F. Craig Brunstein LATEWOOD FROST RINGS IN SAMPLED BRISTLECONE PINES AT ALMAGRE MOUNTAIN, COLORADO [Year of frost ring is followed by two numbers separated by a dash. First number is number of sampled trees; second number is percent of trees having frost ring. Letter "a" indicates latewood frost rings at one or more of the following Colorado bristlecone pine sites in addition to Almagre Mountain: Black Mountain, Mount Princeton, North Peak, Stanley Mountain (Brunstein, 1995); Mount Bross-Windy Ridge, Mount Goliath (Krebs, 1972). Letter "b" indicates latewood frost rings recorded in bristlecone pines in the Snake Range, Nevada, and (or) the White Mountains, California (LaMarche, 1970; LaMarche and Hirschboeck, 1984).] B.C. 512 1-100 467 2-50 396 2-50 387 2-50 356 2-50 349 3-33 341 3-33 327 3-33 296 3-33 269a 3-33 259 3-33 248a 3-33 203a 4-25 186 5-20 177 6-17 161 6-17 152 7-14 139a 9-100 127a 9-89 124 9-22 92 12-8 42ab 17-71 33 18-17 10 16-38 A.D. 53 23-4 54 23-48 58 23-35 62 24-12 78 24-46 94 23-52 105 24-8 112 24-12 114 24-4 128 24-8 132 24-4 142 24-46 144 23-4 158 23-4 180 22-5 230 18-11 241 18-6 243 18-6 253 18-6 259 18-6 263 18-11 267 18-6 268 18-33 273 18-11 280 18-6 304 18-11 323 18-6 325 18-22 338 18-6 343 18-17 378 19-5 393 19-5 471 21-10 484 21-10 527 24-4 536a 25-28 544 27-4 553a 27-85 574 26-23 626 29-3 627a 29-83 650 29-17 656 29-10 689 29-3 699 29-7 710 28-7 718 28-7 721 28-7 746 28-4 747 28-4 767 29-4 772 29-10 783 28-25 804 29-3 809 27-11 832 26-8 858 25-24 877 28-11 886 28-71 890 28-50 895 28-4 903 28-39 916 28-21 925 28-11 945 29-24 964 30-10 973 30-13 984 30-23 985 30-20 993 30-7 1008a 28-36 1029ab 31-52 1051 32-6 1058 32-3 1066 31-3 1079 30-3 1080 29-7 1136 28-7 1139 28-4 1171ab 28-11 1192a 29-17 1199 29-14 1208 28-11 1214 28-4 1225a 29-55 1237 29-3 1260 29-17 1275 30-10 1293a 30-7 1298 31-13 1329a 27-37 1341 27-4 1383 28-4 1406 30-50 1408a 30-73 1420 7-14 1443 33-3 1453ab 33-75 1481a 33-15 1484a 33-57 1490 a 33-9 1521 8-63 1536 9-22 1539 9-11 1546 33-3 1549 9-22 1556a 33-12 1570 9-22 1572 9-22 1588 33-3 1595 33-3 1596a 33-3 1609 34-3 1615 35-3 1626 36-6 1639 13-15 1643 40-3 1648a 40-23 1658a 42-12 1660b 42-5 1663a 42-10 1671 43-14 1677 43-2 1680b 43-5 1683 43-5 1687 43-2 1692 44-2 1697 44-5 1700 46-2 1706 47-9 1718 48-6 1725 48-2 1728 48-2 1730 48-2 1740 49-2 1748 21-5 1752 51-2 1761ab 54-28 1766 55-20 1790 54-2 1805ab 53-64 1817ab 53-21 1828ab 52-44 1831a 51-18 1835a 51-20 1837ab 51-6 1843 23-9 1847 51-4 1852 51-6 1866a 53-30 1869 53-11 1878a 53-6 1882a 53-2 1903a 56-23 1912ab 57-12 1941b 61-20 1961 62-11 1965b 62-13 REFERENCES Brunstein, F. C., 1995: Bristlecone pine frost-ring and light-ring chronologies, from 569 B.C. to A.D. 1993, Colorado. U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-63. 25 pp. Brunstein, F.C., 1996, Climatic significance of the bristlecone pine latewood frost-ring record at Almagre Mountain, Colorado, U.S.A.: Arctic and Alpine Research, v. 28, n. 1, p. 66-77. Krebs, P. H., 1972: Dendrochronology and the distribution of bristlecone pine in Colorado. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Colorado. 211 pp. LaMarche, V. C., Jr., 1970: Frost-damage rings in subalpine conifers and their application to tree-ring dating problems, In Smith, J. H. G. and Worrall, J., (eds.), Tree-ring analysis with special reference to Northwest America. The University of British Columbia Faculty of Forestry Bulletin, 7: 99-100. LaMarche, V. C., Jr., and Hirschboeck, K. K., 1984: Frost rings in trees as records of major volcanic eruptions. Nature, 307: 121-126.