# Krusic - Ura-Dhur Composite - PCSN - ITRDB BT021 #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/18320 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-tree-18320.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Tree Ring # # Dataset_DOI: # # Science_Keywords: #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/measurements/asia/bt021-crn-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: Raw Measurements - NOAA Template File; bt021-crn-noaa.txt # # Related_Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/treering/chronologies/asia/bt021.crn # Related_Online_Description: CRN File; Chronology - Tucson Decadal File # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2015-04-01 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2015-04-01 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Krusic - Ura-Dhur Composite - PCSN - ITRDB BT021 #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Krusic, P.J.; Cook, E.R.(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7478-4176); Dukpa, D. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: NOAA Template Chronology file added 2018-12-19. NOAA Template Raw Measurements file added 2019-04-08. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Krusic, P.J., E.R. Cook, D. Dukpa, A. Putnam, S. Rupper, and J. Schaefer # Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Letters # Published_Title: 638 years of summer temperature variability over the Bhutanese Himalaya # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015 # Volume: # Pages: # Issue: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1002/2015GL063566 # Full_Citation: None # Abstract: High-resolution tree-ring reconstructions from the Himalaya provide essential context for assessing impacts of future climate change on regional water reserves and downstream agriculture. Here we evaluate a small network of tree-ring chronologies from Bhutan to produce a 638-year summer temperature reconstruction, from 1376 - 2013 CE. Relative to the 1950 - 2013 CE average summer temperature three prominent cold periods stand out, 2 in the mid 15th century, and one in the late 17th century. The warmest period began in the first decade of the 21st century coinciding with the timing of general glacier recession in the eastern Himalaya that continues to the present. The Bhutan temperature reconstruction exhibits a significant correlation to known volcanic eruptions (p = 97%) and anomalously cold periods appear to align with solar irradiance minima in the 15th, late 17th and early 19th centuries, implying a link between solar variability and decadal-scale temperature variability. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Ura-Dhur Composite # Location: Bhutan # Northernmost_Latitude: 27.4223 # Southernmost_Latitude: 27.4223 # Easternmost_Longitude: 90.9675 # Westernmost_Longitude: 90.9675 # Elevation_m: 3268 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: BT021 # First_Year: 1280 # Last_Year: 2013 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: ring width # Notes: #-------------------- # Species # Species_Name: Picea spinulosa (Griff.) Beissn. # Common_Name: Sikkim spruce # Tree_Species_Code: PCSN #-------------------- # Variables # # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables format: shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_CE age,,,year Common Era,,tree ring,,,N, ## trsgi tree ring standardized growth index,,,,,tree ring,composited,standard chronology method,N, ## numsamp number of samples,,,count,,tree ring,,,N, #--------------------- # Data: # Missing_Values: NA age_CE trsgi numsamp 1280 0.889 1 1281 0.927 1 1282 0.883 1 1283 1.129 1 1284 1.137 2 1285 1.109 2 1286 1.156 2 1287 1.154 2 1288 1.145 2 1289 1.088 2 1290 1.129 2 1291 1.152 2 1292 0.98 2 1293 0.923 2 1294 0.931 2 1295 0.881 2 1296 0.936 2 1297 1.014 2 1298 0.792 2 1299 1.043 2 1300 1.172 2 1301 0.972 2 1302 0.909 2 1303 0.858 2 1304 0.989 2 1305 1.037 2 1306 0.993 2 1307 0.917 2 1308 0.88 2 1309 0.907 2 1310 0.964 2 1311 0.899 2 1312 0.946 2 1313 1.001 2 1314 1.019 2 1315 1.037 2 1316 1.018 2 1317 1.022 2 1318 1.004 2 1319 0.914 2 1320 0.929 2 1321 1.069 2 1322 1.009 2 1323 0.939 2 1324 1.083 2 1325 1.022 2 1326 0.883 2 1327 0.908 2 1328 0.942 2 1329 0.936 2 1330 0.905 2 1331 0.988 2 1332 0.893 2 1333 0.982 2 1334 1.011 2 1335 1.068 2 1336 0.968 2 1337 1.067 2 1338 1.084 2 1339 1.045 2 1340 1.112 2 1341 1.101 2 1342 1.013 2 1343 1.06 2 1344 1.054 2 1345 1.089 2 1346 1.035 2 1347 1.039 2 1348 1.105 2 1349 1.146 2 1350 1.21 2 1351 1.047 2 1352 1.073 2 1353 1.028 2 1354 0.858 3 1355 0.799 3 1356 0.972 3 1357 1.109 3 1358 1.11 3 1359 1.122 3 1360 1.136 3 1361 1.097 3 1362 1.06 3 1363 1.091 3 1364 1.005 3 1365 1.024 3 1366 0.968 3 1367 0.942 3 1368 0.865 3 1369 0.906 3 1370 0.886 4 1371 0.918 4 1372 1.017 4 1373 1.058 4 1374 1.044 4 1375 1.047 4 1376 1.02 5 1377 1.018 5 1378 0.993 5 1379 1.034 5 1380 1.083 5 1381 1.173 5 1382 1.089 5 1383 1.087 5 1384 1.101 5 1385 1.131 5 1386 0.953 5 1387 1.097 5 1388 1.3 5 1389 1.42 5 1390 1.254 7 1391 1.308 8 1392 1.249 8 1393 1.153 8 1394 0.895 8 1395 0.726 8 1396 0.987 8 1397 1.147 8 1398 1.032 8 1399 1.052 8 1400 1.057 8 1401 1.159 8 1402 1.06 9 1403 1.08 9 1404 1.036 9 1405 0.717 9 1406 0.686 9 1407 0.986 9 1408 0.99 9 1409 1.097 9 1410 1.049 9 1411 1.094 9 1412 1.09 9 1413 1.053 9 1414 1.198 9 1415 1.298 9 1416 1.323 9 1417 1.171 9 1418 1.017 9 1419 1.026 9 1420 1.053 9 1421 1.047 9 1422 0.985 9 1423 0.794 9 1424 0.96 9 1425 1.057 9 1426 0.852 9 1427 0.652 9 1428 0.827 9 1429 0.983 9 1430 0.961 9 1431 1.102 9 1432 0.528 9 1433 0.542 9 1434 0.552 9 1435 0.91 9 1436 0.951 9 1437 0.822 9 1438 0.994 9 1439 1.044 9 1440 1.073 9 1441 0.955 10 1442 0.953 10 1443 0.918 10 1444 0.826 10 1445 0.995 10 1446 1.06 10 1447 1.099 10 1448 1.002 10 1449 0.835 10 1450 0.939 11 1451 1.051 13 1452 0.919 13 1453 0.948 14 1454 1.023 14 1455 1.106 14 1456 1.159 14 1457 1.236 14 1458 1.187 14 1459 1.107 14 1460 1.147 14 1461 1.077 14 1462 1.122 14 1463 1.204 14 1464 1.193 14 1465 1.006 14 1466 0.826 14 1467 0.916 14 1468 0.896 14 1469 0.999 14 1470 0.915 14 1471 0.989 14 1472 1.079 14 1473 1.073 14 1474 0.952 14 1475 0.925 14 1476 0.95 14 1477 0.999 14 1478 0.97 14 1479 0.904 14 1480 0.954 14 1481 0.978 16 1482 0.984 16 1483 1.064 16 1484 0.973 16 1485 0.879 16 1486 0.714 16 1487 0.754 16 1488 0.845 16 1489 0.902 16 1490 0.871 16 1491 0.794 16 1492 0.779 16 1493 0.96 16 1494 0.905 16 1495 1.022 16 1496 1.073 16 1497 1.073 17 1498 1.031 17 1499 0.97 19 1500 0.948 20 1501 0.863 20 1502 0.882 20 1503 0.865 20 1504 0.756 20 1505 0.876 20 1506 0.855 20 1507 0.921 20 1508 0.971 20 1509 0.894 20 1510 0.828 20 1511 0.905 20 1512 0.912 21 1513 1.059 21 1514 0.959 21 1515 1.029 21 1516 0.957 21 1517 0.893 21 1518 0.812 21 1519 0.882 21 1520 0.95 21 1521 0.894 21 1522 0.879 22 1523 0.95 22 1524 0.993 22 1525 1.055 24 1526 1.005 24 1527 1.123 24 1528 1.053 24 1529 1 24 1530 0.999 24 1531 0.888 24 1532 0.882 24 1533 0.625 24 1534 0.844 24 1535 1.041 24 1536 1.328 24 1537 1.197 24 1538 1.119 24 1539 0.987 24 1540 1.03 24 1541 1.029 24 1542 1.006 24 1543 0.974 24 1544 0.938 24 1545 1.066 24 1546 1.148 24 1547 1.059 24 1548 0.915 24 1549 0.896 24 1550 0.759 24 1551 0.845 24 1552 0.858 24 1553 1.104 24 1554 1.017 24 1555 1.013 24 1556 1.039 24 1557 1.154 24 1558 1.106 24 1559 1.077 24 1560 1.02 25 1561 0.957 26 1562 0.908 26 1563 0.884 26 1564 1.09 26 1565 1.081 26 1566 1.139 26 1567 1.024 26 1568 1.025 26 1569 1.085 26 1570 0.958 30 1571 0.95 30 1572 0.823 30 1573 0.833 31 1574 0.931 31 1575 0.982 32 1576 1.195 32 1577 1.191 32 1578 1.054 32 1579 0.962 33 1580 0.95 35 1581 0.993 38 1582 1.117 38 1583 1.127 40 1584 1.037 40 1585 1.025 40 1586 1.026 40 1587 0.951 40 1588 0.895 40 1589 0.743 40 1590 0.907 40 1591 1.026 40 1592 1.032 41 1593 1.065 41 1594 1.058 41 1595 1.045 41 1596 0.92 43 1597 0.991 43 1598 1.086 44 1599 1.066 44 1600 0.951 44 1601 0.892 44 1602 0.925 44 1603 0.974 45 1604 0.946 45 1605 0.927 45 1606 0.943 45 1607 0.942 45 1608 0.922 45 1609 0.961 45 1610 1.015 46 1611 1.036 46 1612 0.971 46 1613 0.93 46 1614 0.98 46 1615 1.063 46 1616 1.002 46 1617 0.967 46 1618 1.088 46 1619 1.159 46 1620 1.123 46 1621 1.045 47 1622 0.972 47 1623 1.05 47 1624 1.076 47 1625 0.983 47 1626 0.927 47 1627 1.068 47 1628 1.002 47 1629 1.13 47 1630 1.037 47 1631 1.101 47 1632 1.006 48 1633 0.914 48 1634 0.928 48 1635 1.03 48 1636 1.005 48 1637 0.948 48 1638 1.079 48 1639 1.044 48 1640 0.83 48 1641 0.819 48 1642 1.041 48 1643 1.078 48 1644 1.068 48 1645 1.062 48 1646 1.029 48 1647 1.083 48 1648 0.874 48 1649 0.865 48 1650 0.905 48 1651 0.922 48 1652 0.953 48 1653 1.088 48 1654 1.274 48 1655 1.318 48 1656 1.291 48 1657 1.202 48 1658 1.172 48 1659 1.12 49 1660 1.049 49 1661 1.047 49 1662 1.102 49 1663 0.966 49 1664 0.968 49 1665 0.929 49 1666 1.124 49 1667 1.084 49 1668 1.032 49 1669 1.076 49 1670 1.026 50 1671 1.027 49 1672 0.983 49 1673 0.973 49 1674 1.123 49 1675 0.973 49 1676 0.976 49 1677 0.944 49 1678 0.965 49 1679 0.872 49 1680 0.983 49 1681 1.002 49 1682 0.98 49 1683 0.906 49 1684 0.866 50 1685 0.82 50 1686 0.923 50 1687 1.046 50 1688 1.045 51 1689 0.973 51 1690 0.868 51 1691 0.786 51 1692 0.733 51 1693 0.594 51 1694 0.749 51 1695 0.878 51 1696 0.907 51 1697 0.905 51 1698 0.812 51 1699 0.734 51 1700 0.79 51 1701 0.672 51 1702 0.782 51 1703 0.652 51 1704 0.776 51 1705 0.827 51 1706 0.942 51 1707 0.855 51 1708 0.861 51 1709 0.915 51 1710 1.001 51 1711 1.105 51 1712 1.11 51 1713 1.098 51 1714 1.058 51 1715 0.921 51 1716 0.954 51 1717 0.858 51 1718 0.913 51 1719 0.953 51 1720 1.059 51 1721 1.094 51 1722 0.971 51 1723 0.883 51 1724 0.845 51 1725 0.935 51 1726 0.915 51 1727 0.837 51 1728 1.107 51 1729 0.966 51 1730 1.011 51 1731 0.891 51 1732 0.927 52 1733 0.982 52 1734 1.099 52 1735 1.096 52 1736 1.097 52 1737 1.101 52 1738 1.072 52 1739 1.106 52 1740 1.022 53 1741 0.886 53 1742 0.935 53 1743 1.079 53 1744 1.075 53 1745 1.072 53 1746 1.082 53 1747 1.076 53 1748 1.111 52 1749 0.962 52 1750 0.882 53 1751 0.886 52 1752 0.967 52 1753 0.976 53 1754 0.962 53 1755 1.043 53 1756 1.088 53 1757 0.938 53 1758 0.938 53 1759 1.04 53 1760 1.071 53 1761 1.151 53 1762 1.092 55 1763 1.046 55 1764 0.994 55 1765 1.042 55 1766 0.923 56 1767 0.911 56 1768 0.919 56 1769 1.069 56 1770 0.949 56 1771 0.951 54 1772 0.979 54 1773 1.194 54 1774 1.105 54 1775 1.169 55 1776 1.202 55 1777 1.263 55 1778 1.224 55 1779 1.168 55 1780 1.053 55 1781 1.083 55 1782 1.057 55 1783 1.094 56 1784 0.885 56 1785 0.717 56 1786 0.989 56 1787 1.008 56 1788 1.032 56 1789 0.811 56 1790 0.86 57 1791 0.904 58 1792 1.095 58 1793 1.124 58 1794 1.096 60 1795 0.924 60 1796 1.071 60 1797 0.855 60 1798 1.038 60 1799 0.963 61 1800 1.119 65 1801 1.075 65 1802 1.09 65 1803 1.147 65 1804 1.021 65 1805 0.879 65 1806 0.85 65 1807 0.948 65 1808 0.987 65 1809 0.957 65 1810 1.048 66 1811 1.061 66 1812 1.059 66 1813 0.928 66 1814 0.96 66 1815 0.922 66 1816 0.873 66 1817 0.848 66 1818 0.874 66 1819 0.943 66 1820 1.05 67 1821 1.037 67 1822 0.925 67 1823 0.974 67 1824 1.015 67 1825 0.997 67 1826 1.011 67 1827 1.031 67 1828 1.081 67 1829 0.975 67 1830 1.019 68 1831 1.231 68 1832 1.172 68 1833 1.207 68 1834 1.085 68 1835 1.177 68 1836 1.105 68 1837 1.139 68 1838 1.162 68 1839 1.136 68 1840 1.03 68 1841 1.051 68 1842 0.988 68 1843 0.902 68 1844 0.998 68 1845 0.978 68 1846 1.033 68 1847 0.942 68 1848 1.026 68 1849 1.037 68 1850 1.174 70 1851 1.145 70 1852 1.185 70 1853 1.238 70 1854 1.044 71 1855 0.975 71 1856 0.985 71 1857 0.984 71 1858 0.997 71 1859 0.912 71 1860 0.957 71 1861 0.977 71 1862 0.933 71 1863 1.047 71 1864 0.92 71 1865 0.917 71 1866 0.86 71 1867 0.961 71 1868 0.862 71 1869 0.913 71 1870 0.989 71 1871 1.022 71 1872 0.975 71 1873 1.068 71 1874 0.935 71 1875 0.946 71 1876 1.048 71 1877 1.195 71 1878 1.049 71 1879 0.975 71 1880 0.834 71 1881 1.116 71 1882 1.103 71 1883 1.129 71 1884 0.915 71 1885 1.039 71 1886 0.965 71 1887 1.039 71 1888 1.157 71 1889 1.243 71 1890 1.163 71 1891 1.099 71 1892 0.926 71 1893 1.007 71 1894 0.9 71 1895 0.865 71 1896 1.063 71 1897 1.253 71 1898 1.158 71 1899 1.223 71 1900 1.127 71 1901 1.246 71 1902 1.129 71 1903 1.172 71 1904 0.99 71 1905 0.977 71 1906 0.853 71 1907 1.039 71 1908 1.093 71 1909 0.886 71 1910 0.801 71 1911 0.98 71 1912 0.989 71 1913 0.988 71 1914 1.041 71 1915 0.889 71 1916 0.915 71 1917 0.991 71 1918 1.046 71 1919 1.09 71 1920 1.151 71 1921 0.942 71 1922 0.924 71 1923 0.852 71 1924 0.996 71 1925 1.034 71 1926 0.965 71 1927 0.901 71 1928 0.954 71 1929 1.031 71 1930 1.045 71 1931 1.088 71 1932 1.013 70 1933 1.065 70 1934 0.958 70 1935 0.979 70 1936 0.968 70 1937 0.972 70 1938 0.982 70 1939 0.984 70 1940 1.021 70 1941 1.028 69 1942 1.026 69 1943 0.983 67 1944 1.124 67 1945 1.097 67 1946 1.108 67 1947 1.085 67 1948 0.964 67 1949 0.957 67 1950 1.019 67 1951 1.169 67 1952 1.041 67 1953 0.956 66 1954 0.99 66 1955 0.859 66 1956 0.945 66 1957 1.016 66 1958 0.979 66 1959 0.819 65 1960 0.911 65 1961 1.032 65 1962 0.983 65 1963 1.14 65 1964 1.056 65 1965 0.899 65 1966 0.754 65 1967 0.684 65 1968 0.93 65 1969 0.971 65 1970 1.022 65 1971 1.07 65 1972 1.102 65 1973 1.051 65 1974 1.072 65 1975 1.048 65 1976 0.945 65 1977 1.064 65 1978 1.122 65 1979 1.11 65 1980 0.966 65 1981 1.084 65 1982 1.001 65 1983 1.13 65 1984 0.885 65 1985 0.941 65 1986 1.101 65 1987 1.116 65 1988 1.103 65 1989 1.201 65 1990 1.121 65 1991 0.987 65 1992 0.84 65 1993 0.966 65 1994 1.142 65 1995 1.177 65 1996 1.045 65 1997 1.119 65 1998 1.27 65 1999 1.056 65 2000 0.988 64 2001 0.874 63 2002 0.942 57 2003 0.949 45 2004 0.871 19 2005 1.157 19 2006 1.096 19 2007 1.239 19 2008 1.128 19 2009 1.218 19 2010 1.165 19 2011 1.294 18 2012 1.336 18 2013 1.143 18