Cueva del Diablo, Mexico Holocene Stalagmite Stable Isotope Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Cueva del Diablo, Mexico Holocene Stalagmite Stable Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 3/2011 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Bernal, J.P., M. Lachniet, M. McCulloch, G. Mortimer, P. Morales, and E. Cienfuegos. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2011-036 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Bernal, J.P., et al. 2011. Cueva del Diablo, Mexico Holocene Stalagmite Stable Isotope Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2011-036. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Bernal, J.P., M. Lachniet, M. McCulloch, G. Mortimer, P. Morales, and E. Cienfuegos. 2011. A speleothem record of Holocene climate variability from southwestern Mexico. Quaternary Research, Vol. 75(1), pp. 104-113, January 2011. DOI: 10.1016/j.yqres.2010.09.002 ABSTRACT: A paleoclimate reconstruction for the Holocene based upon variations of d18O in a U-Th dated stalagmite from southwestern Mexico is presented. Our results indicate that the arrival of moisture to the area has been strongly linked to the input of glacial meltwaters into the North Atlantic throughout the Holocene. The record also suggests a complex interplay between Caribbean and Pacific moisture sources, modulated by the North Atlantic SST and the position of the ITCZ, where Pacific moisture becomes increasingly more influential through ENSO since ~4.3 ka. The interruption of stalagmite growth during the largest climatic anomalies of the Holocene (10.3 and 8.2 ka) is evidenced by the presence of hiatuses, which suggest a severe disruption in the arrival of moisture to the area. The d18O record presented here has important implications for understanding the evolution of the North American Monsoon and climate in southwestern Mexico, as it represents one of the most detailed archives of climate variability for the area spanning most of the Holocene. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Southwestern Mexico PERIOD OF RECORD: Holocene, 11 - 1 KYrBP FUNDING SOURCES: CONACYT grant 44,016, PAPIIT grant IN 116,906, CIC-UNAM, ARC Centre of Excellence in Coral Reef Studies. DESCRIPTION: Stalagmite stable isotope (d13C and d18O) data from stalagmite CBD-2, collected from Cueva del Diablo, Mexico. Cueva del Diablo, Guerrero, Mexico: 18°11'N, 99°55'W, 1030m elev DATA: 1. Table 1. U and Th activity ratios for the 9 different sub-samples from CBD-2 stalagmite. Sample Dist.(mm) [230Th/238U] [234U/238U] [232Th/238U] 238U(ng/g) 232Th(ng/g) Age(ka)uncorr. Age(ka)corr. [234U/238U]0 p CBD-2-15 142.55 0.020 ± 0.002 1.050 ± 0.004 0.0101 ± 0.0001 215 ± 1.2 6.65 ± 0.01 2.12 ± 0.02 1.24 ± 0.09 1.050 ± 0.006 -0.082 CBD-2-4 119.38 0.054 ± 0.002 1.052 ± 0.006 0.0120 ± 0.0002 266 ± 4 9.75 ± 0.02 5.79 ± 0.17 4.71 ± 0.23 1.052 ± 0.008 -0.147 CBD-2-12 102.59 0.069 ± 0.001 1.043 ± 0.005 0.0069 ± 0.0002 315 ± 0.7 6.63 ± 0.17 7.53 ± 0.12 6.90 ± 0.12 1.044 ± 0.007 -0.341 CBD-2-6 84.72 0.074 ± 0.001 1.048 ± 0.004 0.0040 ± 0.00004 195 ± 1.3 2.40 ± 0.01 7.99 ± 0.14 7.62 ± 0.22 1.050 ± 0.006 -0.209 CBD-2-3** 68.32 0.078 ± 0.002 1.068 ± 0.003 0.0030 ± 0.0001 317 ± 1 2.88 ± 0.09 8.24 ± 0.21 7.97 ± 0.33 1.069 ± 0.006 -0.135 CBD-2-5 65.14 0.078 ± 0.001 1.044 ± 0.002 0.0021 ± 0.00004 272 ± 1 1.72 ± 0.03 8.44 ± 0.13 8.25 ± 0.21 1.046 ± 0.006 -0.215 CBD-2-7 16.19 0.094 ± 0.001 1.046 ± 0.003 0.0023 ± 0.00005 252 ± 0.6 1.79 ± 0.04 10.25 ± 0.14 10.03 ± 0.27 1.047 ± 0.006 -0.214 CBD-2-8** 13.99 0.099 ± 0.002 1.068 ± 0.011 0.0029 ± 0.0001 220 ± 4 1.98 ± 0.01 10.66 ± 0.25 10.36 ± 0.28 1.070 ± 0.013 -0.391 CBD-2-1 0 0.103 ± 0.003 1.045 ± 0.002 0.0026 ± 0.0002 318 ± 2.1 2.5 ± 0.2 11.27 ± 0.31 11.02 ± 0.52 1.047 ± 0.006 -0.111 230Th/238U were corrected for contributions from detrital material using a 2-point isochron (see text for details). [234U/238U]0 correspond to initial 234U/238U activity ratio, p=error correlation between [234U/238U]0 and 230Th-age. All uncertainties are ±2 sigma. Data marked with ** correspond to samples with elevated [234U/238U] suggesting the deposition of calcite under low-humidity conditions. 2. Cueva del Diablo Stalagmite Stable Isotope Data Isotopes per mil VPDB Age d18O d13C 10.87 -9.56 -11.57 10.81 -9.74 -11.54 10.78 -9.99 -11.77 10.7 -9.37 -11.49 10.65 -8.94 -11.38 10.61 -8.9 -11.27 10.55 -8.92 -11.42 10.47 -8.07 -10.84 HIATUS 9.996 -8.36 -11.28 9.956 -8.8 -11.87 9.906 -8.46 -11.74 9.864 -8.64 -12.2 9.753 -9.28 -11.82 9.681 -10.05 -12.23 9.632 -10.32 -12.08 9.579 -10.47 -12.46 9.504 -9.61 -12.11 9.438 -9.38 -12.48 9.367 -9.92 -12.46 9.303 -9.29 -12.06 9.259 -9.36 -12.19 9.21 -9.06 -12.09 9.141 -8.91 -11.98 9.073 -8.64 -11.99 9.006 -8.51 -12.13 8.945 -8.74 -12.08 8.9 -8.77 -12.32 8.836 -8.83 -12.14 8.797 -8.63 -11.89 8.755 -8.74 -11.99 8.705 -8.91 -12.25 8.656 -8.7 -12.1 8.604 -8.36 -11.8 8.54 -8.29 -11.7 8.469 -7.85 -11.39 8.418 -7.86 -11.68 8.347 -8.01 -11.5 8.296 -8.41 -11.06 8.215 -8.32 -10.56 HIATUS 7.991 -8.14 -11.11 7.952 -7.9 -10.92 7.891 -7.59 -11.13 7.843 -7.35 -11.12 7.801 -7.82 -11.38 7.76 -7.85 -11.57 7.721 -7.78 -11.47 7.693 -8.1 -11.75 7.573 -8.4 -11.5 7.452 -8.18 -11.51 7.439 -8.77 -12.04 7.425 -8 -11.12 7.412 -8.11 -11.53 7.394 -8.39 -11.67 7.376 -7.77 -11.69 7.36 -7.95 -11.59 7.345 -7.53 -11.69 7.326 -7 -10.65 7.307 -7.71 -11.67 7.288 -7.88 -11.69 7.265 -8.4 -11.66 7.254 -8.5 -11.67 7.243 -8.22 -11.43 7.231 -8.95 -11.97 7.219 -8.59 -11.63 7.208 -9.11 -12.05 7.161 -8.63 -11.88 7.145 -9.33 -11.99 7.129 -8.94 -11.22 7.112 -9.1 -11.78 7.067 -9.19 -11.76 7.049 -9.03 -11.69 7.031 -9.45 -12 7.013 -9.74 -11.48 6.996 -9.47 -11.3 6.972 -10.16 -11.92 6.9 -9.43 -11.75 6.83 -9.01 -11.15 6.761 -8.9 -11.65 6.691 -9.3 -11.92 6.644 -8.82 -11.85 6.597 -8.71 -11.91 6.55 -8.82 -11.87 6.503 -8.7 -12.04 6.445 -9.01 -12.06 6.386 -8.95 -11.89 6.327 -8.94 -11.51 6.27 -9.09 -11.98 6.213 -9.66 -11.82 6.155 -9.7 -12.01 6.083 -9.3 -11.85 6.01 -9.33 -11.92 5.937 -9.16 -11.96 5.841 -8.87 -11.8 5.745 -9.08 -11.68 5.707 -9.04 -11.64 5.669 -8.42 -11.61 5.631 -8.57 -11.47 5.593 -8.34 -11.29 5.555 -8.79 -11.25 5.488 -8.62 -11.19 5.354 -8.68 -11.14 5.207 -8.84 -11.18 5.134 -8.33 -11.33 5.073 -8.96 -11.36 5.012 -9.18 -11.41 4.951 -9.07 -11.48 4.821 -9.88 -11.75 4.731 -9.82 -11.16 4.607 -9.65 -11.7 4.391 -9.62 -11.89 4.174 -9.54 -11.91 4.113 -9.44 -12.1 4.052 -9.14 -11.37 3.992 -8.36 -10.28 3.931 -8.15 -10.89 3.872 -8.73 -11.34 3.813 -8.66 -11.29 3.691 -9.34 -11.45 3.62 -8.43 -11.27 3.549 -8.13 -10.39 3.491 -8.72 -11.61 3.432 -8.99 -11 3.374 -8.73 -10.8 3.23 -9.33 -10.99 3.045 -8.83 -10.56 2.986 -9.05 -11.65 2.928 -8.91 -11.54 2.798 -8.78 -11.81 2.712 -8.69 -11.81 2.627 -8.95 -11.82 2.578 -8.64 -11.97 2.53 -8.85 -11.89 2.433 -8.85 -12.09 2.397 -8.86 -11.98 2.361 -8.68 -12.16 2.325 -8.57 -11.61 2.289 -8.25 -11.35 2.235 -8.43 -11.52 2.182 -8.38 -11.42 2.128 -7.75 -10.83 2.067 -7.89 -10.71 2.006 -7.8 -11 1.944 -8.53 -11.43 1.902 -8.17 -11.75 1.817 -8.28 -11.59 1.638 -8.15 -11.44 1.541 -8.5 -11.34 1.445 -8.29 -11.69 1.361 -8.24 -11.65 1.278 -8.58 -11.23