# Wang et al. 2001 Hulu Cave Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/5426 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-cave-5426.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Speleothems # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/h9ed-1h93 # # Science_Keywords: Monsoon #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/china/hulu_2001-pd-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Stalagmite PD Oxygen Isotope Data # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2004-05-01 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2024-04-29 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Wang et al. 2001 Hulu Cave Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Wang, Y.(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6021-2724); Cheng, H.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5305-9458); Edwards, R.L.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-5881); An, Z.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9538-9826); Wu, J.; Shen, C.-C.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2833-2771); Dorale, J.A. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Hulu Cave Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data and 230Th dating. These data also available as supplementary information for Wang et al. 2001 and Yuan et al. 2004 from www.sciencemag.org. Extended age and isotope data from stalagmite H82 were published by Yuan et al. 2004. Oxygen data between 140.0 and 165.6 mm are from Yuan et al. 2004 and the rest from Wang et al. 2001. The distances have been re-measured by Yuan et al. 2004 and the total distance difference accumulated over 165.6 mm is within 2 mm of the original measurement. This contributes to a slight refinement in the timescale. Depths are relative to the top (youngest surface) of each stalagmite and are measured along the growth axis. Ages are established with 230Th ages, band counting, and as described in the text. "Years BP" refers to years relative to 1950 A.D. # #d13C (y axis) vs d18O (x axis) linear regression results: Data are regressed by individual stalagmite, as well as for the whole data set. Units are in per mil relative to VPDB for both isotope values. Best-fit lines have negative slopes for all groupings except for PD. The best-fit line for PD data has a positive slope; however, R2 is relatively low for this stalagmite. Thus, we observe no strong positive correlations among any groupings, indicating no evidence for kinetic fractionation. #Stalagmite Slope Intercept Correlation(R2) #data points #MSD -1.23 -14.77 0.629 268 #MSL -1.93 -20.76 0.387 285 #PD 1 0.39 0.285 149 #YT -0.42 -10.48 0.235 338 #H82 -0.21 -9.99 0.014 612 #MSD+MSL+PD+YT+H82 -0.13 -7.89 0.011 1652 #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Wang, Y.J., H. Cheng, R.L. Edwards, Z.S. An, J.Y. Wu, C.-C. Shen, and J.A. Dorale # Journal_Name: Science # Published_Title: A High-Resolution Absolute-Dated Late Pleistocene Monsoon Record from Hulu Cave, China # Published_Date_or_Year: 2001 # Volume: 294 # Pages: 2345-2348 # Issue: 5550 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1126/science.1064618 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Oxygen isotope records of five stalagmites from Hulu Cave near Nanjing bear a remarkable resemblance to oxygen isotope records from Greenland ice cores, suggesting that East Asian Monsoon intensity changed in concert with Greenland temperature between 11,000 and 75,000 years before the present (yr. B.P.). Between 11,000 and 30,000 yr. B.P., the timing of changes in the monsoon, as established with 230Th dates, generally agrees with the timing of temperature changes from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project Two (GISP2) core, which supports GISP2's chronology in this interval. Our record links North Atlantic climate with the meridional transport of heat and moisture from the warmest part of the ocean where the summer East Asian Monsoon originates. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Yuan, D., H. Cheng, R.L. Edwards, C.A. Dykoski, M.J. Kelly, M.Zhang, J. Qing, Y. Lin, Y. Wang, J. Wu, J.A. Dorale, Z. An, Y. Cai # Journal_Name: Science # Published_Title: Timing, Duration, and Transitions of the Last Interglacial Asian Monsoon # Published_Date_or_Year: 2004 # Volume: 304 # Pages: 575-578 # Issue: 5670 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1126/science.1091220 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Thorium-230 ages and oxygen isotope ratios of stalagmites from Dongge Cave, China, characterize the Asian Monsoon and low-latitude precipitation over the past 160,000 years. Numerous abrupt changes in 18O/16O values result from changes in tropical and subtropical precipitation driven by insolation and millennial-scale circulation shifts. The Last Interglacial Monsoon lasted 9.7 ± 1.1 thousand years, beginning with an abrupt (less than 200 years) drop in 18O/16O values 129.3 ± 0.9 thousand years ago and ending with an abrupt (less than 300 years) rise in 18O/16O values 119.6 ± 0.6 thousand years ago. The start coincides with insolation rise and measures of full interglacial conditions, indicating that insolation triggered the final rise to full interglacial conditions. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: EAR-9712037 and ESH-9809459 #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Natural Science Foundation China # Grant: grant 49972055 #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Chinese Academy of Sciences # Grant: KZCX2-108 and KZCX1-Y-05. #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Hulu Cave # Location: China # Northernmost_Latitude: 32.5 # Southernmost_Latitude: 32.5 # Easternmost_Longitude: 119.16 # Westernmost_Longitude: 119.16 # Elevation_m: #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Wang2001 PD # First_Year: 19338 # Last_Year: 10495 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: oxygen isotopes # Notes: As published in Wang et al. 2001. Depths are relative to the top (youngest surface) of each stalagmite and are measured along the growth axis. #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: Uranium-Thorium # Chronology_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/noaa-wds-paleo-uth-terms.csv # Chronology_Download_Description: Uranium-Thorium terms and definitions. # Chronology_Notes: 230Th dating of stalagmites from Hulu Cave. Other than one analysis (PD-20, which was done by TIMS), the PD analyses were performed by magnetic sector ICP-MS. Errors are 2 sigma. Depths are relative to the top (youngest surface) of each stalagmite and are measured along the growth axis. Ages in years B.P. are relative to 1950 A.D. # Rejection_Rationale: # 238U_Decay_Constant: 1.55125 x 10-10 year-1 # 234U_Decay_Constant: 2.8263 x 10-6 year-1 # 230Th_Decay_Constant: 9.1577 x 10-6 year-1 # Initial_230Th/232Th: (4.4 ±2.2) x 10-6 # Initial_230Th/232Th_Method: Those are the values for a material at secular equilibrium, with the crustal 232Th/238U value of 3.8. The errors are arbitrarily assumed to be 50%. These values are consistent with calculated initial values (of 2.6 x 10-6 to 5.5 x 10-6) from 5 high 232Th sub-samples (marked "#"). # Age_Model_Method: # Missing_Values: na # Chronology_Table: # samp_id depth_top_mm 238U_ppb 238U_2s_ppb 232Th_ppt 232Th_2s_ppt d234U_meas_permil d234U_meas_2s_permil 230Th_238U_act 230Th_238U_act_2s age_uncorr_BM age_uncorr_2s_yr age_corr_BM age_corr_2s_yr age_corr_BP1950 age_corr_2s_yr d234U_init_permil d234U_init_2s_permil # PD-15# 1.3 126.1 0.3 14410 90 47.1 2.3 0.1068 0.0140 14951 360 11733 1630 11683 1630 48.7 2.4 # PD-20 1.8 126.2 0.1 1129 9 42.8 1.9 0.10213 0.00074 11247 88 10983 158 10933 158 147.4 1.5 # PD-85 7.3 114.4 0.3 1460 39 44.4 3.3 0.1052 0.0027 11939 256 11584 310 11534 310 45.9 3.4 # PD-140 12 96.5 0.25 1154 28 50.5 3.3 0.1146 0.0025 12938 244 12607 294 12557 294 52.3 3.4 # PD-210 17.9 117.4 0.26 994 24 52.3 2.4 0.1179 0.0019 13196 195 12962 227 12912 227 54.3 2.5 # PD-348 29.5 66.3 0.24 910 33 65.2 5.3 0.1328 0.0033 14930 344 14555 391 14505 391 65.2 5.3 # PD-387 33 56.9 0.2 1216 31 76.4 4.8 0.1394 0.0039 15701 365 15123 464 15073 464 79.8 5.0 # PD-430 36.5 78.8 0.24 286 22 87.7 3.7 0.1439 0.0021 15558 249 15461 254 15411 254 91.6 3.9 # PD-470 40 97.2 0.34 556 45 93.0 4.3 0.1478 0.0034 15982 395 15831 402 15781 402 97.2 4.5 # PD-490 41.7 97.2 0.34 364 33 93.7 4.5 0.1506 0.0028 16238 329 16139 333 16089 333 98.1 4.7 # PD-607 51.7 72.4 0.24 32 23 90.4 4.4 0.1607 0.0026 17381 310 17370 310 17320 310 95.0 4.6 # PD-650 56 77.9 0.28 165 18 89.5 3.5 0.1660 0.0025 18066 297 18009 298 17959 298 94.1 3.6 # PD-745 65.5 86.3 0.24 54 17 104.2 3.0 0.1801 0.0022 19404 266 19388 266 19338 266 110.1 3.2 #-------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_mm depth,,,millimeter,,speleothems,,,N, ## age_calBP age,,,calendar year before present,,speleothems,,,N, ## d18O_vpdb delta 18O,calcium carbonate,,per mil VPDB,,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N, #-------------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: depth_mm age_calBP d18O_vpdb 0.5 10495 -7.84 0.9 10641 -7.84 1.3 10787 -7.87 1.8 10933 -7.77 2.2 10979 -7.56 2.6 11025 -7.65 3 11072 -7.56 3.5 11118 -7.64 3.9 11164 -7.57 4.3 11210 -7.45 4.7 11257 -7.3 5.2 11303 -7.33 5.6 11349 -7.14 6 11395 -7.21 6.4 11442 -7.06 6.9 11488 -7.12 7.3 11534 -6.79 7.7 11627 -6.42 8.1 11720 -6.29 8.6 11813 -6.29 9 11906 -6.3 9.4 11999 -6.34 9.8 12092 -6.31 10.3 12185 -6.31 10.7 12278 -6.11 11.1 12371 -6.16 11.5 12464 -6.09 12 12557 -6.09 12.4 12582 -6.11 12.8 12608 -6.11 13.2 12633 -6.33 13.7 12658 -6.49 14.1 12684 -6.54 14.5 12709 -6.61 14.9 12735 -6.73 15.3 12760 -6.67 15.8 12785 -6.8 16.2 12811 -6.8 16.6 12836 -6.97 17 12861 -7.1 17.5 12887 -7.39 17.9 12912 -7.41 18.3 12969 -7.33 18.7 13026 -7.22 19.2 13083 -7.25 19.6 13140 -7.15 20 13196 -7.07 20.4 13253 -7.27 20.9 13310 -7.28 21.3 13367 -7.33 21.7 13424 -7.28 22.1 13481 -7.25 22.6 13538 -7.16 23 13595 -7.01 23.4 13652 -7.01 23.8 13709 -7 24.3 13765 -7.04 24.7 13822 -6.89 25.1 13879 -6.78 25.5 13936 -6.64 26 13993 -6.71 26.4 14050 -6.75 26.8 14107 -6.73 27.2 14164 -6.77 27.7 14221 -6.71 28.1 14277 -6.7 28.5 14334 -6.68 28.9 14391 -6.71 29.3 14448 -6.76 29.8 14505 -6.51 30.2 14586 -6.27 30.6 14667 -5.86 31 14748 -5.7 31.5 14830 -5.5 31.9 14911 -5.23 32.3 14992 -5.23 32.7 15073 -5.08 33.2 15111 -4.99 33.6 15148 -5.02 34 15186 -5.06 34.4 15223 -5.19 34.9 15261 -5.24 35.3 15298 -5.22 35.7 15336 -5.11 36.1 15373 -5.11 36.6 15411 -5.11 37 15457 -4.91 37.4 15504 -4.83 37.8 15550 -4.87 38.3 15596 -4.62 38.7 15642 -4.64 39.1 15689 -4.42 39.5 15735 -4.2 40 15781 -4.03 40.4 15858 -4.83 40.8 15935 -5.14 41.2 16012 -5.4 41.7 16089 -5.36 42.1 16143 -5.25 42.5 16196 -5.41 42.9 16250 -5.23 43.2 16303 -5.21 43.5 16357 -5.29 43.8 16410 -5.24 44.2 16464 -5.19 44.6 16517 -5.07 45 16571 -5.19 45.4 16624 -5.28 45.7 16678 -5.41 46 16731 -4.96 46.5 16785 -5.32 47 16838 -5.11 47.5 16892 -5.34 48 16945 -5.76 48.5 16999 -5.41 49 17052 -5.61 49.5 17106 -5.53 50 17159 -5.76 50.5 17213 -5.56 51 17266 -5.39 51.5 17320 -5.32 52 17391 -5.46 52.5 17462 -5.74 53 17533 -6.21 53.5 17604 -6.22 54 17675 -6.36 54.5 17746 -6.37 55 17817 -6.42 55.5 17888 -6.44 56 17959 -6.52 56.5 18032 -6.36 57 18104 -6.19 57.5 18177 -6.33 58 18249 -6 58.5 18322 -6.17 59 18394 -5.98 59.5 18467 -6.27 60 18540 -6.18 60.5 18612 -6.13 61 18685 -6.01 61.5 18757 -6.26 62 18830 -6.02 62.5 18903 -6.24 63 18975 -6.11 63.5 19048 -6.17 64 19120 -5.88 64.5 19193 -6.12 65 19265 -5.96 65.5 19338 -6.04