# Wang et al. 2001 Hulu Cave Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/5426 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-cave-5426.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Speleothems # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/h9ed-1h93 # # Science_Keywords: Monsoon #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/speleothem/china/hulu_2001-msl-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Stalagmite MSL Oxygen Isotope Data # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2004-05-01 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2024-04-29 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Wang et al. 2001 Hulu Cave Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Wang, Y.(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6021-2724); Cheng, H.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5305-9458); Edwards, R.L.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-5881); An, Z.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9538-9826); Wu, J.; Shen, C.-C.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2833-2771); Dorale, J.A. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Hulu Cave Stalagmite Oxygen Isotope Data and 230Th dating. These data also available as supplementary information for Wang et al. 2001 and Yuan et al. 2004 from www.sciencemag.org. Extended age and isotope data from stalagmite H82 were published by Yuan et al. 2004. Oxygen data between 140.0 and 165.6 mm are from Yuan et al. 2004 and the rest from Wang et al. 2001. The distances have been re-measured by Yuan et al. 2004 and the total distance difference accumulated over 165.6 mm is within 2 mm of the original measurement. This contributes to a slight refinement in the timescale. Depths are relative to the top (youngest surface) of each stalagmite and are measured along the growth axis. Ages are established with 230Th ages, band counting, and as described in the text. "Years BP" refers to years relative to 1950 A.D. # #d13C (y axis) vs d18O (x axis) linear regression results: Data are regressed by individual stalagmite, as well as for the whole data set. Units are in per mil relative to VPDB for both isotope values. Best-fit lines have negative slopes for all groupings except for PD. The best-fit line for PD data has a positive slope; however, R2 is relatively low for this stalagmite. Thus, we observe no strong positive correlations among any groupings, indicating no evidence for kinetic fractionation. #Stalagmite Slope Intercept Correlation(R2) #data points #MSD -1.23 -14.77 0.629 268 #MSL -1.93 -20.76 0.387 285 #PD 1 0.39 0.285 149 #YT -0.42 -10.48 0.235 338 #H82 -0.21 -9.99 0.014 612 #MSD+MSL+PD+YT+H82 -0.13 -7.89 0.011 1652 #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Wang, Y.J., H. Cheng, R.L. Edwards, Z.S. An, J.Y. Wu, C.-C. Shen, and J.A. Dorale # Journal_Name: Science # Published_Title: A High-Resolution Absolute-Dated Late Pleistocene Monsoon Record from Hulu Cave, China # Published_Date_or_Year: 2001 # Volume: 294 # Pages: 2345-2348 # Issue: 5550 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1126/science.1064618 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Oxygen isotope records of five stalagmites from Hulu Cave near Nanjing bear a remarkable resemblance to oxygen isotope records from Greenland ice cores, suggesting that East Asian Monsoon intensity changed in concert with Greenland temperature between 11,000 and 75,000 years before the present (yr. B.P.). Between 11,000 and 30,000 yr. B.P., the timing of changes in the monsoon, as established with 230Th dates, generally agrees with the timing of temperature changes from the Greenland Ice Sheet Project Two (GISP2) core, which supports GISP2's chronology in this interval. Our record links North Atlantic climate with the meridional transport of heat and moisture from the warmest part of the ocean where the summer East Asian Monsoon originates. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Yuan, D., H. Cheng, R.L. Edwards, C.A. Dykoski, M.J. Kelly, M.Zhang, J. Qing, Y. Lin, Y. Wang, J. Wu, J.A. Dorale, Z. An, Y. Cai # Journal_Name: Science # Published_Title: Timing, Duration, and Transitions of the Last Interglacial Asian Monsoon # Published_Date_or_Year: 2004 # Volume: 304 # Pages: 575-578 # Issue: 5670 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1126/science.1091220 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Thorium-230 ages and oxygen isotope ratios of stalagmites from Dongge Cave, China, characterize the Asian Monsoon and low-latitude precipitation over the past 160,000 years. Numerous abrupt changes in 18O/16O values result from changes in tropical and subtropical precipitation driven by insolation and millennial-scale circulation shifts. The Last Interglacial Monsoon lasted 9.7 ± 1.1 thousand years, beginning with an abrupt (less than 200 years) drop in 18O/16O values 129.3 ± 0.9 thousand years ago and ending with an abrupt (less than 300 years) rise in 18O/16O values 119.6 ± 0.6 thousand years ago. The start coincides with insolation rise and measures of full interglacial conditions, indicating that insolation triggered the final rise to full interglacial conditions. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: EAR-9712037 and ESH-9809459 #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Natural Science Foundation China # Grant: grant 49972055 #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Chinese Academy of Sciences # Grant: KZCX2-108 and KZCX1-Y-05. #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Hulu Cave # Location: China # Northernmost_Latitude: 32.5 # Southernmost_Latitude: 32.5 # Easternmost_Longitude: 119.16 # Westernmost_Longitude: 119.16 # Elevation_m: #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Wang2001 MSL # First_Year: 75646 # Last_Year: 35900 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: oxygen isotopes # Notes: As published in Wang et al. 2001. Depths are relative to the top (youngest surface) of each stalagmite and are measured along the growth axis. #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: Uranium-Thorium # Chronology_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/noaa-wds-paleo-uth-terms.csv # Chronology_Download_Description: Uranium-Thorium terms and definitions. # Chronology_Notes: 230Th dating of stalagmites from Hulu Cave by TIMS. Errors are 2 sigma. I and II indicate duplicate analyses. Depths are relative to the top (youngest surface) of each stalagmite and are measured along the growth axis. Ages in years B.P. are relative to 1950 A.D. # Rejection_Rationale: # 238U_Decay_Constant: 1.55125 x 10-10 year-1 # 234U_Decay_Constant: 2.8263 x 10-6 year-1 # 230Th_Decay_Constant: 9.1577 x 10-6 year-1 # Initial_230Th/232Th: (4.4 ±2.2) x 10-6 # Initial_230Th/232Th_Method: Those are the values for a material at secular equilibrium, with the crustal 232Th/238U value of 3.8. The errors are arbitrarily assumed to be 50%. These values are consistent with calculated initial values (of 2.6 x 10-6 to 5.5 x 10-6) from 5 high 232Th sub-samples (marked "#"). # Age_Model_Method: # Missing_Values: na # Chronology_Table: # samp_id depth_top_mm 238U_ppb 238U_2s_ppb 232Th_ppt 232Th_2s_ppt d234U_meas_permil d234U_meas_2s_permil 230Th_238U_act 230Th_238U_act_2s age_uncorr_BM age_uncorr_2s_yr age_corr_BM age_corr_2s_yr age_corr_BP1950 age_corr_2s_yr d234U_init_permil d234U_init_2s_permil # MSL-01 3 71.89 0.05 1271 7 465.1 1.8 0.3719 0.0010 31472 104 31130 200 31080 200 507.9 2.0 # MSL-01-02(I) 21 99.7 0.1 405 4 525.0 1.8 0.4358 0.0022 36020 215 35950 218 35900 218 581.1 2.0 # MSL-01-02(II) 21 102.6 0.1 438 5 532.5 1.7 0.4383 0.0018 36040 175 35965 180 35915 180 589.5 1.9 # MSL-469 41 120.2 0.1 2469 30 587 5 0.4800 0.0047 38420 465 38060 500 38010 500 654 5 # MSL-453 57 118.8 0.3 557 5 523.0 5.3 0.4699 0.0021 39410 270 39320 270 39270 270 584.4 6.0 # MSL-02 109 143.4 0.1 39 4 579.2 1.7 0.5238 0.0014 42860 150 42860 150 42810 150 653.8 1.9 # MSL-381 129 290.0 0.2 7224 42 487 2 0.5083 0.0026 44576 285 44110 370 44060 370 552 2 # MSL-345 165 185.1 0.3 693 8 451.1 3.1 0.5059 0.0020 45700 260 45630 260 45580 260 513.2 3.6 # MSL-03 215 190.3 0.2 1763 9 459.7 1.4 0.5394 0.0013 49056 159 48880 181 48830 181 527.8 1.7 # MSL-25 235 148.5 0.2 6102 95 492.8 2.3 0.5681 0.0097 50810 1080 50040 1140 49990 1140 567.6 3.2 # MSL-29 239 167.6 0.2 2262 18 482.2 2.1 0.5757 0.0025 52131 300 51880 325 51830 325 558.4 2.5 # MSL-57 267 161.7 0.1 5947 22 558.5 1.5 0.6234 0.0025 53930 280 53280 430 53230 430 649.3 1.9 # MSL-79 289 129.1 0.1 3317 30 583.1 1.4 0.6586 0.0024 56600 270 56190 340 56140 340 683.5 1.8 # MSL-89 299 126.7 0.1 492 4 564.5 1.5 0.6561 0.0016 57240 200 57170 200 57120 200 663.5 1.8 # MSL-125 335 242.8 0.7 1262 22 508.4 5.7 0.6560 0.0025 60100 430 60010 430 59960 430 602.4 6.8 # MSL-134 344 265.1 0.4 6150 27 451.3 2.6 0.6581 0.0019 63640 290 63200 360 63150 360 539.6 3.1 # MSL-150 361 281.8 0.4 12500 111 368.8 1.4 0.6433 0.0033 67040 470 66150 650 66100 650 444.6 1.9 # MSL-155# 366 317.2 1.2 73280 960 340.5 4.3 0.6627 0.0040 71940 690 67080 2500 67030 2500 411.6 5.9 # MSL-161 372 284.3 0.4 7088 70 284.9 1.6 0.6250 0.0023 70640 370 70100 460 70050 460 347.4 1.9 # MSL-192 403 390.0 0.4 1000 10 307.1 1.1 0.6493 0.0015 72590 250 72540 250 72490 250 377.0 1.4 # MSL-199 410 365.3 0.4 10210 40 318.4 1.5 0.6609 0.0016 73460 270 72870 400 72820 400 391.2 1.8 # MSL-219# 430 135.4 0.1 167010 3250 275.3 1.9 0.7489 0.0051 92690 990 62010 14000 61960 14000 328 13 # MSL-05 442 146.1 0.1 12705 149 260.8 1.5 0.6506 0.0018 76854 335 74925 1012 74875 1012 322.3 2.0 # MSL-239# 450 118.7 0.1 155400 4050 243.2 1.5 0.7820 0.0033 103610 750 69780 14500 69730 14500 296.2 13 #-------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_mm depth,,,millimeter,,speleothems,,,N, ## age_calBP age,,,calendar year before present,,speleothems,,,N, ## d18O_vpdb delta 18O,calcium carbonate,,per mil VPDB,,speleothems,raw,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N, #-------------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: depth_mm age_calBP d18O_vpdb 21 35900 -8.26 23 36111 -8.41 25 36322 -8.77 27 36533 -8.79 29 36744 -8.47 31 36955 -8.43 33 37166 -8.54 35 37377 -8.3 37 37588 -8.29 39 37799 -8.59 41 38010 -8.23 43 38168 -7.42 45 38325 -6.91 47 38483 -6.89 49 38640 -7.04 51 38798 -7.03 53 38955 -6.85 55 39113 -6.52 57 39270 -6.21 59 39406 -6.48 61 39542 -7.14 63 39678 -7.01 65 39815 -7.66 67 39951 -8.05 69 40087 -7.61 71 40223 -7.33 73 40359 -7.76 75 40495 -7.36 77 40632 -7.83 79 40768 -7.85 81 40904 -8.07 83 41040 -8.22 85 41176 -8.3 87 41312 -8.63 89 41448 -7.97 91 41585 -8.32 93 41721 -7.65 95 41857 -7.42 97 41993 -7.17 99 42129 -7.07 101 42265 -7.41 103 42402 -7.58 105 42538 -8.59 107 42674 -8.15 109 42810 -8.11 111 42935 -8.41 113 43060 -8.36 115 43185 -8.15 117 43310 -8.28 119 43435 -8.47 121 43560 -8.12 123 43685 -7.79 125 43810 -7.18 127 43935 -7.21 129 44060 -7.02 131 44144 -7.27 133 44229 -7.29 135 44313 -7.57 137 44398 -7.48 139 44482 -7.64 141 44567 -7.67 143 44651 -8.01 145 44736 -7.74 147 44820 -7.94 149 44904 -8.04 151 44989 -7.71 153 45073 -8.14 155 45158 -7.81 157 45242 -7.85 159 45327 -7.78 161 45411 -7.85 163 45496 -8.05 165 45580 -7.83 167 45710 -8.39 169 45840 -8.1 171 45970 -8.89 173 46100 -8.35 175 46230 -8.84 177 46360 -8.52 179 46490 -8.26 181 46620 -8.7 183 46750 -8.29 185 46880 -8.53 187 47010 -8.21 189 47140 -7.95 191 47270 -8.19 193 47400 -8.06 195 47530 -8.18 197 47660 -7.09 199 47790 -6.68 201 47920 -7 203 48050 -7.07 205 48180 -6.44 207 48310 -6.84 209 48440 -7.37 211 48570 -7.57 213 48700 -7.53 215 48830 -7.9 217 49080 -8.11 219 49330 -8.91 221 49580 -8.71 223 49830 -7.84 225 50080 -7.77 227 50330 -7.89 229 50580 -8.05 231 50830 -7.79 233 51080 -8.34 235 51330 -8.23 237 51580 -8.5 239 51830 -8.15 241 51930 -8.52 243 52030 -8.15 245 52130 -8.52 247 52230 -8.15 249 52330 -8.74 251 52430 -8.45 253 52530 -8.56 255 52630 -8.6 257 52730 -8.68 259 52830 -8.75 261 52930 -8.77 263 53030 -8.74 265 53130 -8.64 267 53230 -8.78 269 53495 -8.23 271 53759 -8.42 273 54024 -8.15 274 54156 -7.9 275 54288 -8.08 276 54420 -8.02 277 54553 -7.9 278 54685 -7.54 279 54817 -7.7 280 54950 -7.69 281 55082 -7.5 282 55214 -7.59 283 55346 -8.35 284 55479 -8.45 285 55611 -7.88 286 55743 -7.45 287 55875 -7.88 288 56008 -7.95 289 56140 -8.42 290 56238 -8.52 291 56336 -8.71 292 56434 -9.01 293 56532 -8.92 294 56630 -8.94 295 56728 -8.74 296 56826 -8.71 297 56924 -8.61 298 57022 -8.64 299 57120 -8.68 300 57199 -8.87 301 57278 -8.8 302 57357 -8.59 303 57436 -8.72 304 57514 -8.84 305 57593 -8.53 306 57672 -8.69 307 57751 -8.84 308 57830 -8.78 309 57909 -8.78 310 57988 -9.17 311 58067 -8.6 312 58146 -8.81 313 58224 -8.61 314 58303 -8.69 315 58382 -8.43 316 58461 -8.08 317 58540 -8.34 318 58619 -8.35 319 58698 -7.48 320 58777 -7.56 321 58856 -8.02 322 58934 -8.15 323 59013 -8.52 324 59092 -8.14 325 59171 -8.42 326 59250 -8.34 327 59329 -7.85 328 59408 -7.72 329 59487 -8 330 59566 -8.46 331 59644 -7.93 332 59723 -7.28 333 59802 -6.87 334 59881 -7.18 335 59960 -7.03 336 60314 -7.11 337 60669 -6.94 338 61023 -7.07 339 61378 -7.05 341 62087 -7.31 342 62441 -7.39 343 62796 -7.09 344 63150 -7.12 345 63324 -7.17 346 63497 -7.31 347 63671 -7.41 348 63844 -7.27 349 64018 -7.22 350 64191 -7.23 351 64365 -7.65 352 64538 -7.45 353 64712 -7.26 354 64885 -7.37 355 65059 -7.14 356 65232 -6.99 357 65406 -6.8 358 65579 -6.64 359 65753 -6.64 360 65926 -7.01 361 66100 -7.15 362 66459 -6.84 363 66818 -6.79 364 67177 -6.83 365 67536 -7.15 366 67895 -7.15 367 68255 -7.05 368 68614 -7.24 369 68973 -7.66 370 69332 -6.32 371 69691 -6.82 372 70050 -7.41 373 70129 -7.27 374 70207 -7.63 375 70286 -7.25 376 70365 -7.45 377 70444 -8.09 378 70522 -7.45 379 70601 -7.59 380 70680 -7.91 381 70758 -7.73 382 70837 -8.25 383 70916 -7.49 384 70995 -7.94 385 71073 -7.77 386 71152 -7.75 387 71231 -7.53 388 71309 -7.74 389 71388 -7.7 390 71467 -7.77 391 71545 -8.06 392 71624 -8.08 393 71703 -7.58 394 71782 -7.45 395 71860 -7.7 396 71939 -8.29 397 72018 -8.13 398 72096 -6.13 399 72175 -6.59 400 72254 -6.58 401 72333 -5.87 402 72411 -5.68 403 72490 -5.82 404 72537 -5.46 405 72584 -5.62 406 72631 -5.64 407 72679 -5.8 408 72726 -6.67 409 72773 -7.23 410 72820 -7.77 412 72948 -7.57 414 73077 -7.5 416 73205 -7.49 418 73334 -7.69 420 73462 -7.64 422 73591 -7.84 424 73719 -8.05 426 73847 -7.67 428 73976 -7.63 430 74104 -7.36 432 74233 -6.85 434 74361 -7.06 436 74490 -8.31 438 74618 -8.17 440 74747 -8.24 442 74875 -8.19 444 75003 -8.46 446 75132 -8.37 448 75260 -8.21 450 75389 -8.16 452 75517 -8.12 454 75646 -8.4