# Oregon Cascades Tree Ring Derived Snowpack Reconstruction from 1688 to 2011 CE #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. # If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with '#' followed by a space # Data lines have no '#' # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/38100 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-recon-38100.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Climate Reconstructions # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/1txs-n471 # # Science_Keywords: Other Hydroclimate Reconstruction #--------------------------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/dye2023/dye2023-snw.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; Snow Water Equivalent (SWE) Data # #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2023-05-17 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2023-06-15 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Oregon Cascades Tree Ring Derived Snowpack Reconstruction from 1688 to 2011 CE #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Dye, Laura (https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1311-9815); Coulthard, Bethany; Hatchett, Benjamin; Homfeld, Inga; Salazar, Taylor; Littell, Jeremy; Anchukaitis, Kevin #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: # Provided Keywords: snow drought, snowpack reconstruction, tree ring #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Dye, L. A., Coulthard, B. L., Hatchett, B.J., Homfeld, I. K., Salazar, T. N., Littell, J. S., & Anchukaitis, K. J. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2023 # Published_Title: The severity of the 2014-2015 snow drought in the Oregon Cascades in a multicentury context # Journal_Name: Water Resources Research # Volume: 59 # Edition: # Issue: 5 # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1029/2022WR032875 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The western United States (US) is a hotspot for snow drought. The Oregon Cascade Range is highly sensitive to warming and as a result has experienced the largest mountain snowpack losses in the western US since the mid-20th century, including a record-breaking snow drought in 2014–2015 that culminated in a state of emergency. While Oregon Cascade snowpacks serve as the state's primary water supply, short instrumental records limit water managers' ability to fully constrain long-term natural snowpack variability prior to the influence of ongoing and projected anthropogenic climate change. Here, we use annually-resolved tree-ring records to develop the first multi-century reconstruction of Oregon Cascade April 1st Snow Water Equivalent (SWE). The model explains 58% of observed snowpack variability and extends back to 1688 AD, nearly quintupling the length of the existing snowpack record. Our reconstruction suggests that only one other multiyear event in the last three centuries was as severe as the 2014–2015 snow drought. The 2015 event alone was more severe than nearly any other year in over three centuries. Extreme low-to-high snowpack “whiplash” transitions are a consistent feature throughout the reconstructed record. Multi-decadal intervals of persistent below-the-mean peak SWE are prominent features of pre-instrumental snowpack variability, but are generally absent from the instrumental period and likely not fully accounted for in modern water management. In the face of projected snow drought intensification and warming, our findings motivate adaptive management strategies that address declining snowpack and increasingly variable precipitation regimes. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant: AGS-1803995 #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Oregon Cascades # Location: Oregon # Northernmost_Latitude: 45.5 # Southernmost_Latitude: 42 # Easternmost_Longitude: -121 # Westernmost_Longitude: -123 # Elevation_m: #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Oregon Cascades SWE # First_Year: 1688 # Last_Year: 2011 # Time_Unit: year Common Era # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: reconstructions # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: #--------------------------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age age,,,year Common Era,,climate reconstructions; tree ring,,,N, ## swe snow water equivalent,ring width,,centimeter,Apr,climate reconstructions; tree ring,,,N,April 1 SWE #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: age swe 1688 74.424 1689 82.224 1690 63.859 1691 67.97 1692 71.351 1693 81.191 1694 86.975 1695 32.419 1696 98.959 1697 136.03 1698 57.124 1699 54.818 1700 88.453 1701 103.02 1702 107.85 1703 51.489 1704 94.489 1705 49.045 1706 36.704 1707 115.67 1708 37.931 1709 108.58 1710 63.281 1711 72.504 1712 66.01 1713 89.364 1714 51.907 1715 95.29 1716 102.69 1717 39.574 1718 69.97 1719 65.395 1720 55.036 1721 43.584 1722 56.409 1723 56.675 1724 57.05 1725 84.654 1726 53.085 1727 100.47 1728 49.308 1729 28.545 1730 103.71 1731 65.619 1732 75.722 1733 53.632 1734 95.673 1735 51.517 1736 46.232 1737 49.4 1738 99.114 1739 54.481 1740 93.721 1741 26.263 1742 115.46 1743 60.247 1744 71.734 1745 97.962 1746 90.583 1747 97.228 1748 83.499 1749 103.77 1750 93.01 1751 48.149 1752 114.12 1753 88.698 1754 135.82 1755 79.178 1756 45.682 1757 73.145 1758 67.211 1759 55.006 1760 63.879 1761 84.223 1762 68.308 1763 102.14 1764 55.12 1765 50.029 1766 90.282 1767 73.482 1768 105.77 1769 95.129 1770 53.901 1771 70.713 1772 77.063 1773 95.459 1774 66.011 1775 108.32 1776 41.914 1777 64.528 1778 61.444 1779 69.972 1780 63.08 1781 88.281 1782 70.981 1783 40.312 1784 70.405 1785 90.465 1786 71.284 1787 86.928 1788 43.065 1789 100.11 1790 128.74 1791 73.148 1792 77.332 1793 68.914 1794 37.888 1795 55.223 1796 86.717 1797 105.8 1798 78.547 1799 86.889 1800 7.9344 1801 136.45 1802 102.78 1803 79.297 1804 69.781 1805 68.472 1806 83.39 1807 63.552 1808 67.841 1809 67.772 1810 134.5 1811 113.43 1812 53.498 1813 71.393 1814 38.472 1815 62.905 1816 44.924 1817 35.25 1818 63.236 1819 86.612 1820 83.906 1821 54.872 1822 41.82 1823 71.916 1824 59.168 1825 94.958 1826 88.634 1827 66.864 1828 50.832 1829 27.433 1830 81.233 1831 57.159 1832 56.916 1833 49.597 1834 23.942 1835 71.288 1836 83.425 1837 36.548 1838 59.162 1839 5.1035 1840 80.595 1841 30.058 1842 80.336 1843 38.003 1844 41.76 1845 72.945 1846 27.949 1847 85.023 1848 47.912 1849 73.519 1850 95.395 1851 63.461 1852 40.82 1853 127.44 1854 60.928 1855 47.526 1856 65.055 1857 70.557 1858 50.449 1859 71.763 1860 40.345 1861 63.905 1862 166.13 1863 41.638 1864 30.61 1865 38.02 1866 101.56 1867 77.598 1868 72.329 1869 28.987 1870 48.385 1871 51.456 1872 77.405 1873 57.452 1874 57.385 1875 16.096 1876 122.34 1877 49.479 1878 62.772 1879 31.91 1880 81.506 1881 39.382 1882 62.511 1883 45.389 1884 68.302 1885 40.393 1886 49.009 1887 62.692 1888 32.482 1889 16.394 1890 70.85 1891 60.204 1892 55.277 1893 73.596 1894 119.75 1895 36.695 1896 72.276 1897 57.161 1898 24.37 1899 101.07 1900 48.437 1901 62.79 1902 63.05 1903 57.702 1904 95.23 1905 29.769 1906 66.344 1907 77.726 1908 46.311 1909 90.064 1910 41.073 1911 75.086 1912 69.391 1913 66.041 1914 51.626 1915 24.267 1916 113.4 1917 47.35 1918 41.508 1919 64.426 1920 50.377 1921 116.01 1922 71.291 1923 96.579 1924 39.658 1925 107.8 1926 36.022 1927 111.1 1928 58.461 1929 52.607 1930 61.061 1931 31.222 1932 81.305 1933 85.006 1934 30.277 1935 71.619 1936 48.271 1937 74.401 1938 94.546 1939 32.676 1940 69.36 1941 90.718 1942 87.733 1943 124.01 1944 67.54 1945 50.966 1946 88.3 1947 59.821 1948 78.778 1949 69.12 1950 81.984 1951 67.921 1952 93.732 1953 124.03 1954 85.441 1955 17.251 1956 105.05 1957 68.665 1958 61.99 1959 43.359 1960 66.796 1961 66.313 1962 82.141 1963 74.732 1964 42.487 1965 113.34 1966 62.792 1967 74.319 1968 67.836 1969 85.806 1970 79.745 1971 102.78 1972 103.11 1973 34.06 1974 154.94 1975 79.368 1976 86.995 1977 30.397 1978 96.484 1979 63.454 1980 82.661 1981 59.515 1982 112.57 1983 155.87 1984 94.325 1985 86.568 1986 100.18 1987 55.446 1988 71.845 1989 109.15 1990 41.753 1991 105.01 1992 45.969 1993 116.91 1994 33.638 1995 142.01 1996 91.895 1997 105.47 1998 115.03 1999 142.16 2000 85.017 2001 50.087 2002 64.069 2003 74.204 2004 96.979 2005 88.685 2006 125.71 2007 77.586 2008 95.987 2009 77.339 2010 95.588 2011 146.91 2012 80.275 2013 63.35 2014 34.175 2015 15.625 2016 91.425 2017 107.95 2018 42.125