# Svartvatnet-Svalbard Surface Air Temperature during the Mid- to Late Holocene #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/30830 # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA Landing Page # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/27330 # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA Landing Page for Temperature-12k Database # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/climate12k/temperature/version1.0.0/Temp12k_directory_NOAA_files/Svartvatnet-Svalbard.Luoto.2018.txt # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA location of the template # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/reconstructions/climate12k/temperature/version1.0.0/Temp12k_directory_LiPD_files/Svartvatnet-Svalbard.Luoto.2018.lpd # Online_Resource_Description: Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) formatted file containing metadata and data related to this file, for version 1.0.0 of this dataset. # # Original_Source_URL: # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Data_Type: Climate Reconstructions # Parameter_Keywords: air temperature # Dataset_DOI: # #------------------ # Contribution_Date # Date: 2020-04-15 #------------------ # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2020-08-10 #------------------ # Title # Study_Name: Svartvatnet-Svalbard Surface Air Temperature during the Mid- to Late Holocene #------------------ # Investigators # Investigators: Luoto, Tomi P.; Ojala, Antti E. K.; Arppe, Laura; Brooks, Stephen J.; Kurki, Eija; Oksman, Mimmi; Wooller, Matthew J.; Zaj czkowski, Marek #------------------ # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: This dataset was contributed as part of the Temperature-12k project (https://doi.org/10.25921/4RY2-G808). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators, who are listed in the Investigator field of this template file. Additional notes regarding the use of these data in the Temperature-12k project can be found in the LiPD file listed as an Online_Resource of this template file. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Luoto, Tomi P.; Ojala, Antti E. K.; Arppe, Laura; Brooks, Stephen J.; Kurki, Eija; Oksman, Mimmi; Wooller, Matthew J.; Zajączkowski, Marek # Published_Date_or_Year: 2018 # Published_Title: Synchronized proxy-based temperature reconstructions reveal mid- to late Holocene climate oscillations in high arctic Svalbard # Journal_Name: Journal of Quaternary Science # Volume: 33 # Edition: # Issue: 1 # Pages: 93-99 # Report: # DOI: 10.1002/jqs.3001 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Existing paleoclimate data are exceedingly sparse from southern Spitsbergen, a High Arctic region predicted to experience significant environmental changes because of amplified warming. We analyzed biotic and isotopic paleolimnological proxies to reconstruct past climate from a lacustrine sediment core, with a basal age of ~5500 a BP, in southern Spitsbergen (77°N). We used fossil Chironomidae assemblages to quantitatively reconstruct past mean July air temperatures and stable oxygen isotope values (δ18O) of these fossils to estimate changes in mean annual air temperature. These proxy records are strikingly similar and show that the coldest anomaly since the mid-Holocene occurred between 350 and 50 cal a BP, during the ‘Little Ice Age’, whereas the warmest period in the summer temperature record occurred between 5500–5000 and ~2000 cal a BP. Our findings indicate that the natural long-term air temperature dynamics in our study area are most likely connected to solar minima and positive feedback mechanisms from sea-surface temperature maxima. The results also highlight that the recent temperature increase is unprecedented in its rate with a ~2°C increase in the summer temperatures during the past ~50 years. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Arppe, Laura; Kurki, Eija; Wooller, Matthew J; Luoto, Tomi P; Zajaczkowski, Marek; Ojala, Antti EK # Published_Date_or_Year: 2017 # Published_Title: A 5500-year oxygen isotope record of high arctic environmental change from southern Spitsbergen # Journal_Name: The Holocene # Volume: 27 # Edition: # Issue: 12 # Pages: # Report: # DOI: 10.1177/0959683617715698 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The oxygen isotope composition of chironomid head capsules in a sediment core spanning the past 5500 years from Lake Svartvatnet in southern Spitsbergen was used to reconstruct the oxygen isotope composition of lake water (δ18Olw) and local precipitation. The δ18Olw values display shifts from the baseline variability consistent with the timing of recognized historical climatic episodes, such as the Roman Warm Period, the Dark Ages Cold Period and the ‘Little Ice Age’. The highest values of the record, ca. 3‰ above modern δ18Olw values, occur at ca. 1900–1800 cal. yr BP. Three negative excursions increasing in intensity toward the present, at 3400–3200, 1250–1100, and 350–50 cal. yr BP, are tentatively linked to roughly synchronous episodes of increased glacier activity and general cold spells around the northern North Atlantic. Their manifestation in the Svartvatnet δ18Olw record not only testify to the sensitivity and potential of high Arctic lacustrine δ18Ochir records in tracking terrestrial climate evolution but also highlight nonlinear dynamics within the northern North Atlantic hydroclimatic system. The ‘Little Ice Age’ period at 350–50 cal. yr BP displays a remarkable 8–9‰ drop in δ18Olw values, construed to predominantly represent significantly decreased winter temperatures during a period of increased seasonal differences and extended sea ice cover inducing changes in moisture source regions. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Ojala, Antti E.K.; Arppe, Laura; Luoto, Tomi P.; Wacker, Lukas; Kurki, Eija; Zajaczkowski, Marek; Pawłowska, Joanna; Damrat, Mateusz; Oksman, Mimmi # Published_Date_or_Year: 2016 # Published_Title: Sedimentary environment, lithostratigraphy and dating of sediment sequences from Arctic lakes Revvatnet and Svartvatnet in Hornsund, Svalbard # Journal_Name: Polish Polar Research # Volume: 37 # Edition: # Issue: 1 # Pages: 23-48 # Report: # DOI: # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The sedimentary environment, sediment characteristics and age-depth models of sediment sequences from Arctic lakes Revvatnet and Svartvatnet, located near the Polish Polar Station in Hornsund, southern Svalbard (77 degrees N), were studied with a view to establishing a basis for paleolimnological climate and environmental reconstructions. The results indicate that catchment-to-lake hydroclimatic processes probably affect the transportation, distribution and accumulation of sediments in different parts of lakes Revvatnet and Svartvatnet. Locations with continuous and essentially stable sedimentary environments were found in both lakes between water depths of 9 and 26 m. We used several different dating techniques, including Cs-137, Pb-210, AMS C-14, and paleomagnetic dating, to provide accurate and secured sediment chronologies. A recovered sequence from the northern basin of Revvatnet spans more than one thousand years long with laminated stratigraphy in the upper part of the sediment. Based on AMS C-14 dates, it is possible to suppose that Revvatnet basin was not occupied by a valley glacier during the Little Ice Age. The dates were supported by Cs-137 chronologies, but not confirmed with other independent dating methods that extent beyond the last 50 years. A sedimentary sequence from the northern basin of Svartvatnet provides a potential archive for the study of climate and environmental change for the last ca. 5000 years. Based on the stratigraphy and a Bayesian age-depth model of AMS C-14 and paleosecular variation (PSV) dates, the recovered sediment sections represent a continuous and stable sedimentation for the latter half of the Holocene. #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Kaufman, D., N. McKay, C. Routson, M. Erb, B. Davis, O. Heiri, S. Jaccard, J. Tierney, C. Dätwyler, Y. Axford, T. Brussel, O. Cartapanis, B. Chase, A. Dawson, A. de Vernal, S. Engels, L. Jonkers, J. Marsicek, P. Moffa-Sánchez, C. Morrill, A. Orsi, K. Rehfeld, K. Saunders, P. S. Sommer, E. Thomas, M. Tonello, M. Tóth, R. Vachula, A. Andreev, S. Bertrand, B. Biskaborn, M. Bringué, S. Brooks, M. Caniupán, M. Chevalier, L. Cwynar, J. Emile-Geay, J. Fegyveresi, A. Feurdean, W. Finsinger, M-C. Fortin, L. Foster, M. Fox, K. Gajewski, M. Grosjean, S. Hausmann, M. Heinrichs, N. Holmes, B. Ilyashuk, E. Ilyashuk, S. Juggins, D. Khider, K. Koinig, P. Langdon, I. Larocque-Tobler, J. Li, A. Lotter, T. Luoto, A. Mackay, E. Magyari, S. Malevich, B. Mark, J. Massaferro, V. Montade, L. Nazarova, E. Novenko, P. Paril, E. Pearson, M. Peros, R. Pienitz, M. Plóciennik, D. Porinchu, A. Potito, A. Rees, S. Reinemann, S. Roberts, N. Rolland, S. Salonen, A. Self, H. Seppä, S. Shala, J-M. St-Jacques, B. Stenni, L. Syrykh, P. Tarrats, K. Taylor, V. van den Bos, G. Velle, E. Wahl, I. Walker, J. Wilmshurst, E. Zhang, S. Zhilich # Published_Date_or_Year: 2020-04-14 # Published_Title: A global database of Holocene paleotemperature records # Journal_Name: Scientific Data # Volume: 7 # Edition: 115 # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-0445-3 # Online_Resource: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-020-0445-3 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: A comprehensive database of paleoclimate records is needed to place recent warming into the longer-term context of natural climate variability. We present a global compilation of quality-controlled, published, temperature-sensitive proxy records extending back 12,000 years through the Holocene. Data were compiled from 679 sites where time series cover at least 4000 years, are resolved at sub-millennial scale (median spacing of 400 years or finer) and have at least one age control point every 3000 years, with cut-off values slackened in data-sparse regions. The data derive from lake sediment (51%), marine sediment (31%), peat (11%), glacier ice (3%), and other natural archives. The database contains 1319 records, including 157 from the Southern Hemisphere. The multi-proxy database comprises paleotemperature time series based on ecological assemblages, as well as biophysical and geochemical indicators that reflect mean annual or seasonal temperatures, as encoded in the database. This database can be used to reconstruct the spatiotemporal evolution of Holocene temperature at global to regional scales, and is publicly available in Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) format. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Svartvatnet-Svalbard # Location: Atlantic Ocean>North Atlantic Ocean>Svalbard And Jan Mayen # Country: Norway # Northernmost_Latitude: 76.895 # Southernmost_Latitude: 76.895 # Easternmost_Longitude: 15.676 # Westernmost_Longitude: 15.676 # Elevation: 63 #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Svartvatnet-Svalbard.Luoto.2018 # Earliest_Year: 5555.0 # Most_Recent_Year: 0.0 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Species # Species_Name: # Species_Code: # Common_Name: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # depth age SD age_type # 32.5 1295.0 55.0 age14C # 81.5 2920.0 75.0 age14C # 106.5 3650.0 60.0 age14C # 106.5 3695.0 30.0 age14C # 153.5 4490.0 100.0 age14C #------------------ # Variables # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth depth,,,centimeter,,insect;paleolimnology;climate reconstructions,,,N, ## age age,,,calendar year before present,,insect;paleolimnology;climate reconstructions,,,N, ## temperature surface air temperature,midge assemblage,,degree Celsius,Jul,insect;paleolimnology;climate reconstructions,,,N,Trimmed Norwegian training set; WAPLS ## uncertainty surface air temperature,midge assemblage,unspecified error upper bound,degree Celsius,Jul,insect;paleolimnology;climate reconstructions,,,N, ## uncertainty-1 surface air temperature,midge assemblage,unspecified error lower bound,degree Celsius,Jul,insect;paleolimnology;climate reconstructions,,,N, ## reliable notes,,,,,insect;paleolimnology;climate reconstructions,,,C,Data are reliable (Yes or No) # #------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: nan # depth age temperature uncertainty uncertainty-1 reliable 0.0 0.0 6.619 7.319 5.918 Y 4.0 43.0 4.665 5.365 3.964 Y 8.0 201.8 3.178 3.878 2.478 Y 12.0 379.4 3.864 4.564 3.163 Y 16.0 557.0 4.477 5.178 3.777 Y 20.0 734.6 4.723 5.423 4.023 Y 24.0 912.2 4.714 5.414 4.013 Y 28.0 1089.8 4.786 5.486 4.085 Y 32.0 1238.0 4.595 5.296 3.895 Y 36.0 1330.0 3.847 4.547 3.146 Y 40.0 1458.0 5.447 6.148 4.747 Y 44.0 1608.0 5.6 6.3 4.899 Y 48.0 1758.0 4.241 4.941 3.541 Y 52.0 1889.0 5.024 5.724 4.324 Y 56.0 2009.0 5.441 6.141 4.741 Y 60.0 2117.0 5.182 5.882 4.482 Y 64.0 2223.0 4.252 4.953 3.552 Y 68.0 2316.0 4.715 5.415 4.014 Y 72.0 2582.0 5.109 5.809 4.409 Y 76.0 2718.0 4.936 5.637 4.236 Y 80.0 2914.0 5.285 5.985 4.584 Y 84.0 3121.0 5.028 5.728 4.328 Y 88.0 3290.0 4.503 5.203 3.803 Y 92.0 3458.0 5.43 6.13 4.73 Y 96.0 3627.0 5.599 6.3 4.899 Y 100.0 3796.0 6.125 6.825 5.425 Y 104.0 3965.0 6.196 6.896 5.496 Y 108.0 4128.0 6.076 6.776 5.376 Y 112.0 4258.0 6.159 6.859 5.459 Y 116.0 4366.0 5.263 5.963 4.562 Y 120.0 4474.0 6.019 6.719 5.319 Y 124.0 4582.0 5.038 5.738 4.338 Y 128.0 4690.0 6.097 6.797 5.397 Y 132.0 4799.0 6.409 7.11 5.709 Y 136.0 4907.0 6.305 7.005 5.605 Y 140.0 5014.0 5.828 6.528 5.128 Y 144.0 5123.0 6.617 7.317 5.917 Y 148.0 5231.0 6.027 6.727 5.327 Y 152.0 5339.0 6.43 7.13 5.73 Y 156.0 5447.0 6.962 7.662 6.262 Y 160.0 5555.0 6.544 7.244 5.844 Y