# NAPMD ASCII Format
# 07 Aug 01
#
# ****************************************************************
# ** Please acknowledge the contributors and the North American **
# ** Plant Macrofossil Database when using these data.          **
# ****************************************************************
#
# Site name:      Ikpikpuk River Site 1
# Place:          USA:Alaska
# Latitude:       69.43.00N      (  69.716667)
# Longitude:      154.53.00W     (-154.883333)
# Elevation(m):   55
# Sigle:          IKPIK1A
# Entity name:    Populus-bearing bed
# Contact person: Nelson, R.E.
# Entity notes:   There were 7 additional radiocarbon dates cited for this
#                 area, but all of them were for bulk peat samples and were
#                 considered unreliable.
#
# Radiocarbon dates:
#   Depth   Thk     Age   SDup   SDlo  Lab no.    Basis  Material
#     0.0          9100    350    350  A-3900       A    Corispermum seeds
#     0.0          9430    160    160  I-13174      U    Populus wood
#     0.0          9670    130    130  I-11073      U    Salix stump
# Dating notes:   From Betancourt et al. 1984. (Pub #2 in Publication file).
#                 From Betancourt et al. 1984. (Pub #2 in Publication file).
#                 From Hopkins et al. 1981. (Pub #3 in Publication file).
#
# Chron name:     NAPMD1
# Age model:      snapshot
# Age bounds:     9530 - 9540
# Chron notes:    The date for this snapshot is an average of the three dates
#                 listed in the C14 file. CALIB was used to compute the
#                 averages.
#
# Age basis:
#   Depth   Thk     Age  AgeUp  AgeLo  RCode
#     0.0          9538   9732   9344   CAV
#
# Publications:   Nelson, R.E., and L.D. Carter. 1987. Paleoenvironmental
#                 analysis of insects and extralimital Populus from an early
#                 Holocene site on the Arctic Slope of Alaska, U.S.A. Arctic
#                 and Alpine Research 19(3):230-241.
#
#                 Betancourt, J.L., A. Long, D.J. Donahue, A.J.T. Jull, and
#                 T.H. Zabel. 1984. Pre-Columbian age for North American
#                 Corispermum L. (Chenopodiaceae) confirmed by accelerator
#                 radiocarbon dating. Nature 311:653-655.
#
#                 Hopkins, D.M., P.A. Smith, and J.V. Matthews, Jr. 1981.
#                 Dated wood from Alaska and the Yukon: Implications for
#                 forest refugia in Beringia. Quaternary Research 15:217-249.
#
25 1
    1 arctolea A Arctostaphylos leaf presence
    2 arctosea A Arctostaphylos seed presence
    3 betnacra A Betula nana cone scale bract presence
    4 betnalea A Betula nana leaf presence
    5 betnasea A Betula nana seed presence
    6 empnisea A Empetrum nigrum seed presence
    7 ledpdlea A Ledum palustre s. decumbens leaf presence
    8 piceanea A Picea needle presence
    9 popbabsa A Populus balsamifera bud scale presence
   10 popbalea A Populus balsamifera leaf presence
   11 salixlea A Salix leaf presence
   12 vaccilea A Vaccinium leaf presence
   13 corissea B Corispermum seed presence
   14 dryinlea B Dryas integrifolia leaf presence
   15 dryodlea B Dryas octopetala/drummondii leaf presence
   16 oxydisea B Oxyria digyna seed presence
   17 papavsea B Papaver seed presence
   18 potensea B Potentilla seed presence
   19 silensea B Silene seed presence
   20 taraxsea B Taraxacum seed presence
   21 carexsea Q Carex seed presence
   22 hipvufra Q Hippuris vulgaris fruit presence
   23 mentrsea Q Menyanthes trifoliata seed presence
   24 potamsea Q Potamogeton seed presence
   25 ranttsea Q Ranunculus trichophyllus-type seed presence
0, , 9538
    -2.0    -2.0    -2.0    -2.0    -2.0    -2.0    -2.0    -1.0    -2.0    -2.0
    -2.0    -2.0    -3.0    -2.0    -2.0    -2.0    -2.0    -2.0    -2.0    -2.0
    -2.0    -2.0    -2.0    -2.0    -2.0