# Lake Chichancanab Terminal Classic Droughts Gypsum Hydration Water Isotopes #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/24476 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/yucatan/chichancanab2018age.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Paleolimnology # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: oxygen isotopes, hydrogen isotopes #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2018-08-02 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2018-08-02 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Lake Chichancanab Terminal Classic Droughts Gypsum Hydration Water Isotopes #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Evans, N.P.; Bauska, T.K.; Gázquez-Sánchez, F.; Brenner, M.; Curtis, J.H.; Hodell, D.A. #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Sediment oxygen (d17O, d18O) and hydrogen (dD) isotopes from Lake Chichancanab, Yucatan, Mexico, for 602-1092 CE. # Provided Keywords: Terminal Class Drought, Maya Civilization, triple oxygen isotopes, hydrogen isotopes, gypsum hydration water #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Nicholas P. Evans, Thomas K. Bauska, Fernando Gázquez-Sánchez, Mark Brenner, Jason H. Curtis, David A. Hodell # Published_Date_or_Year: 2018-08-03 # Published_Title: Quantification of drought during the collapse of the classic Maya civilization # Journal_Name: Science # Volume: 361 # Edition: # Issue: 6401 # Pages: 498-501 # Report Number: # DOI: 10.1126/science.aas9871 # Online_Resource: http://science.sciencemag.org/content/361/6401/498 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The demise of Lowland Classic Maya civilization during the Terminal Classic Period (~800 to 1000 CE) is a well-cited example of how past climate may have affected ancient societies. Attempts to estimate the magnitude of hydrologic change, however, have met with equivocal success because of the qualitative and indirect nature of available climate proxy data. We reconstructed the past isotopic composition (d18O, dD, 17O-excess, and d-excess) of water in Lake Chichancanab, Mexico, using a technique that involves isotopic analysis of the structurally bound water in sedimentary gypsum, which was deposited under drought conditions. The triple oxygen and hydrogen isotope data provide a direct measure of past changes in lake hydrology. We modeled the data and conclude that annual precipitation decreased between 41 and 54% (with intervals of up to 70% rainfall reduction during peak drought conditions) and that relative humidity declined by 2 to 7% compared to present-day conditions. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP/2007-2013) # Grant: ERC grant agreement 339694 (Water Isotopes of Hydrated Minerals) #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Lake Chichancanab # Location: North America>Mexico # Country: Mexico # Northernmost_Latitude: 19.855 # Southernmost_Latitude: 19.855 # Easternmost_Longitude: -88.763 # Westernmost_Longitude: -88.763 # Elevation: #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Chichancanab2018age # First_Year: -295 # Last_Year: 2007 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # # Radiocarbon ages for core CH1 7-III-04 were obtained by Hodell et al. 2005. Here we provided the depth-age model output with error. # We estimated calendar ages with 95% confidence intervals using the Bayesian Age-Depth Modeling software "BACON" in R. # Derived age-depth error 95% confidence was normalized to the best-fit line to produce age-depth errors for the Chichancanab density record. # BACON Input: # Acc Shape 1 # Acc Mean 9 # Mem Strength 90 # Mem Mean 0.45 # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## depth_cm Depth,,,cm,,,,,N, ## maxage_CE Age,,,year Common Era,,,,,N,max age 95% confidence interval ## minage_CE Age,,,year Common Era,,,,,N,min age 95% confidence interval ## age_CE Age,,,year Common Era,,,,,N,mean age #------------------------ # Data # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Value: depth_cm maxage_CE minage_CE age_CE 0 2025.6 1953.5 2007.9 0.5 2023 1951.2 2004.4 1 2021.3 1948.7 2000.8 1.5 2020.2 1944.6 1997.2 2 2019.6 1938.9 1993.6 2.5 2018.9 1930.1 1990 3 2018.6 1920.1 1986.5 3.5 2018.3 1909.5 1983 4 2018.5 1897.6 1979.7 4.5 2018.4 1886 1976.2 5 2018.7 1874.6 1972.9 5.5 2016.1 1871 1969.1 6 2014.2 1867.4 1965.4 6.5 2012.8 1863.4 1961.7 7 2011.8 1859.3 1958 7.5 2010.9 1853.3 1954.2 8 2010 1846.3 1950.5 8.5 2009.1 1839.9 1946.8 9 2008.4 1831.4 1943 9.5 2007.5 1822.8 1939.4 10 2006.6 1814 1935.6 10.5 2003.8 1809.8 1932.1 11 2001.4 1805.9 1928.4 11.5 1999.5 1801.6 1924.7 12 1997.7 1796.8 1921 12.5 1996.4 1793.4 1917.4 13 1995.4 1787.2 1913.7 13.5 1994.2 1780.2 1910.1 14 1993.2 1773.1 1906.5 14.5 1992.5 1765.3 1902.8 15 1991.6 1758.2 1899.2 15.5 1988.1 1754.9 1895.6 16 1985.5 1751.1 1891.9 16.5 1983.2 1747.7 1888.2 17 1981.2 1744 1884.4 17.5 1979.5 1738 1880.8 18 1978 1731.8 1877.2 18.5 1976.8 1725.4 1873.6 19 1975.3 1719 1869.9 19.5 1974.3 1712.2 1866.4 20 1973.4 1705 1862.8 20.5 1969.9 1701.1 1859.2 21 1967.1 1698.7 1855.6 21.5 1964.5 1695.3 1852.1 22 1961.7 1692.4 1848.4 22.5 1959.7 1687.7 1844.8 23 1957.2 1684.3 1841.2 23.5 1955.3 1679.8 1837.6 24 1953.8 1673.3 1833.9 24.5 1952.1 1667.3 1830.3 25 1950.8 1661.2 1826.7 25.5 1946.4 1657.5 1823.1 26 1942.6 1654.2 1819.5 26.5 1939.7 1652 1816 27 1937.1 1648.5 1812.4 27.5 1934.6 1644.8 1808.8 28 1932.8 1640.3 1805.3 28.5 1931.1 1635.9 1801.8 29 1928.9 1630.3 1798.2 29.5 1926.8 1625.4 1794.5 30 1925.5 1619.9 1791.1 30.5 1921.2 1616 1787.4 31 1917.6 1612.2 1783.7 31.5 1914 1608.8 1780.1 32 1911.4 1605 1776.4 32.5 1908.9 1601 1772.8 33 1907.3 1597.2 1769.1 33.5 1904.7 1592.9 1765.5 34 1902.1 1588.6 1761.7 34.5 1901.1 1582.3 1758.1 35 1899.1 1576.3 1754.3 35.5 1894.4 1573 1750.8 36 1889.9 1569.6 1747.2 36.5 1886.9 1565.9 1743.5 37 1884.8 1562.5 1740 37.5 1881 1559.1 1736.4 38 1878.6 1555.9 1732.8 38.5 1876.5 1551.6 1729.2 39 1874.2 1546.3 1725.6 39.5 1872.7 1541 1722 40 1870.9 1535.3 1718.4 40.5 1866.7 1533.2 1714.8 41 1863.1 1530 1711.1 41.5 1860.1 1527.8 1707.5 42 1856.5 1524.1 1703.8 42.5 1853.3 1520.2 1700.2 43 1851 1515.5 1696.5 43.5 1849 1511.3 1692.9 44 1846.6 1506.5 1689.3 44.5 1844.8 1502.7 1685.7 45 1843 1499.4 1682 45.5 1840 1497.5 1678.5 46 1836 1494.1 1674.9 46.5 1832.8 1491 1671.3 47 1829.3 1488 1667.6 47.5 1826.7 1484 1664 48 1824.2 1480.7 1660.4 48.5 1821.7 1476.7 1656.8 49 1820 1471.6 1653.1 49.5 1819.3 1466.7 1649.5 50 1817.4 1463.2 1646 50.5 1812.7 1460.6 1642.4 51 1808.4 1457.4 1638.8 51.5 1804.4 1453.5 1635.3 52 1801.1 1450.9 1631.7 52.5 1798.2 1447.5 1628.1 53 1794.7 1443.7 1624.5 53.5 1792 1439.1 1621 54 1788.8 1433.9 1617.5 54.5 1786.2 1429.7 1614 55 1783.3 1424 1610.6 55.5 1778.8 1422.1 1606.9 56 1774.4 1418.9 1603.3 56.5 1770.9 1416 1599.7 57 1767.7 1411.9 1596 57.5 1765.1 1407.4 1592.3 58 1761.3 1404.7 1588.7 58.5 1758.7 1400.1 1585 59 1756.1 1395.4 1581.3 59.5 1755.1 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