# Étang Fer-de-Lance, Québec 2,300 year Pollen Data and Climate Reconstructions #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/32252 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/northamerica/canada/pq/fer-de-lance2021recon.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # Original_Source_URL: # Description: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Data Type: Paleolimnology # # Dataset DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: geochemistry, population abundance, reconstruction #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2021-02-28 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2021-02-28 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Étang Fer-de-Lance, Québec 2,300 year Pollen Data and Climate Reconstructions #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: O'Neill Sanger, C.E.; St-Jacques, J.-M.; Peros, M.C.; Schwartz, K.A. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Pollen counts plus charcoal and loss-on-ignition data from sediments collected in Étang Fer-de-Lance, Parc national de Mont-Orford, southeastern Québec, Canada, plus temperature and precipitation reconstructions, for the past 2,300 years. # Provided Keywords: vegetation, reconstruction, air temperature, precipitation, high-resolution pollen analysis, Little Ice Age, Medieval Climate Anomaly, pre-Contact Indigenous agriculture, Quebec, vegetation dynamics, Dark Ages Cold Period #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Claire E. O'Neill Sanger, Jeannine-Marie St-Jacques, Matthew C. Peros, Kayden Avery Schwartz # Published_Date_or_Year: 2021-02-23 # Published_Title: Reconstructed high-resolution forest dynamics and human impacts of the past 2300 years of the Parc national de Mont-Orford, southeastern Québec, Canada # Journal_Name: The Holocene # Volume: # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1177/0959683621994642 # Online_Resource: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0959683621994642 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: We used a high-resolution lacustrine pollen record from Étang Fer-de-Lance (45 21'21.9"N, 72 13'35.3"W), southeastern Québec, Canada, together with microcharcoal, to infer forest dynamics and human impacts over the past 2300 years. The lake is located in the eastern sugar maple-basswood forest domain of the Northern Temperate Forest of eastern North America. We found that the pollen percentages and influxes of Fagus grandifolia (American beech) and Tsuga canadensis (eastern hemlock) significantly declined over the past 700 years. Over the last millennium, the pollen percentages and influxes of the Picea species (P. glauca, P. mariana, P. rubens) (white, black, and red spruce), and Pinus strobus (eastern white pine) significantly increased. We showed that these shifts in forest composition are being driven by changes in regional climate. In addition to the pollen percentage changes, the Medieval Climate Anomaly (AD 800-1300) appeared as increased pollen influxes and the Dark Ages Cold Period (AD 400-700) and Little Ice Age (AD 1400-1800) appeared as decreased pollen influxes. The signal for human modification of the landscape first appeared at ~AD 1550-1650 as increases in Ambrosia (ragweed) and Poaceae (grasses) from possible Indigenous agriculture. The signal of European settler landscape modification appeared at ~AD 1770 as the beginning of a steep, "classic" Ambrosia rise. It intensified over the subsequent 250 years as further increases in non-arboreal pollen taxa and early successional Acer (maple) species. Microcharcoal analysis showed that fire was a re-occurring event in the sugar maple-basswood domain, but had little impact on forest composition. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada # Grant: Discovery Grant #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Fonds de recherche du Québec - Nature et technologies # Grant: Nouveaux chercheurs Grant #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Canada Foundation for Innovation # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Étang Fer-de-Lance # Location: North America>Canada>Quebec # Country: Canada # Northernmost_Latitude: 45.35608 # Southernmost_Latitude: 45.35608 # Easternmost_Longitude: -72.22647 # Westernmost_Longitude: -72.22647 # Elevation: 288 #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: FDL2021recon # Earliest_Year: -365 # Most_Recent_Year: 2018 # Time_Unit: Year CE # Core_Length: 2.47 # Notes: #------------------ # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # # labID age error depth cc dating method # surface -68 1 0 0 210Pb # FDL2_2-3 -66 1 3 0 210Pb # FDL2_4-5 -60 2 5 0 210Pb # FDL2_6-7 -57 3 7 0 210Pb # FDL2_8-9 -54 4 9 0 210Pb # FDL2_10-11 -50 5 11 0 210Pb # FDL2_15-16 -40 8 16 0 210Pb # FDL2_20-21 -31 10 21 0 210Pb # FDL2_25-26 -17 12 26 0 210Pb # FDL2_30-31 1 15 31 0 210Pb # FDL2_35-36 30 17 36 0 210Pb # FDL2_40-41 70 20 41 0 210Pb # FDL2_60-61 273 37 61 1 C14 # FDL-P2_26-27 529 38 77 1 C14 # FDL-P2_45-46 1111 70 96 1 C14 # FDL-P2_60-61 1836 85 111 1 C14 # FDL-P2_77 1130 19 127 1 C14 # FDL-P2_100-101 1916 84 151 1 C14 # FDL-P3_17-18 2087 61 169 1 C14 # FDL-P3_50-51 1773 50 202 1 C14 # FDL-P3_75-76 2504 81 227 1 C14 # FDL-P3_89-90 2216 40 241 1 C14 # FDL-P3_95-96 2223 42 247 1 C14 # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: one per line, shortname-tab-variable components (what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type,detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, free text) # ## Year age, , , year Common Era, , pollen; climate reconstructions, , ,N, ## tempJJA1 temperature, , , degree Celsius, Jun-Aug, pollen; climate reconstructions, , ,N, analog 1 ## tempJJA2 temperature, , , degree Celsius, Jun-Aug, pollen; climate reconstructions, , ,N, analog 2 ## tempJJA3 temperature, , , degree Celsius, Jun-Aug, pollen; climate reconstructions, , ,N, analog 3 ## tempJJA temperature, , , degree Celsius, Jun-Aug, pollen; climate reconstructions, , ,N, average of first 3 analogues ## tempJJA5pt temperature, , , degree Celsius, Jun-Aug, pollen; climate reconstructions, smoothed, ,N, 5-pt running mean of average of first 3 analogues ## precipJJA1 precipitation, , , millimeter, Jun-Aug, pollen; climate reconstructions, , ,N, analog 1 ## precipJJA2 precipitation, , , millimeter, Jun-Aug, pollen; climate reconstructions, , ,N, analog 2 ## precipJJA3 precipitation, , , millimeter, Jun-Aug, pollen; climate reconstructions, , ,N, analog 3 ## precipJJA precipitation, , , millimeter, Jun-Aug, pollen; climate reconstructions, , ,N, average of first 3 analogues ## precipJJA5pt precipitation, , , millimeter, Jun-Aug, pollen; climate reconstructions, smoothed, ,N, 5-pt running mean of average of first 3 analogues ## precipAnn precipitation, , , millimeter, annual, pollen; climate reconstructions, , ,N, mean annual precipitation ## precipAnn5pt precipitation, , , millimeter, annual, pollen; climate reconstructions, smoothed, ,N, 5-pt running mean ## precipAnnErr precipitation, , squared chord distance, millimeter, annual, pollen; climate reconstructions, , ,N, minimum distance # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # Year tempJJA1 tempJJA2 tempJJA3 tempJJA tempJJA5pt precipJJA1 precipJJA2 precipJJA3 precipJJA precipJJA5pt precipAnn precipAnn5pt precipAnnErr 2018 18.03 18.60 17.90 18.18 94.00 91.00 90.33 91.78 1082 28.19 2013 18.03 17.00 16.77 17.27 94.00 103.00 108.33 101.78 1085 19.97 2006 16.77 16.07 17.00 16.61 17.24 108.33 104.00 103.00 105.11 100.51 1109 1083.27 21.79 2002 17.00 16.90 18.73 17.54 17.00 103.00 104.33 89.00 98.78 102.82 1031 1069.87 19.33 1998 16.77 16.07 17.00 16.61 17.06 108.33 104.00 103.00 105.11 102.22 1109 1059.07 20.26 1989 17.00 17.00 16.90 16.97 17.12 103.00 102.67 104.33 103.33 102.13 1015 1051.40 24.34 1980 18.73 17.00 16.90 17.54 17.08 89.00 103.00 104.33 98.78 101.76 1031 1048.40 20.51 1970 17.00 16.77 17.00 16.92 17.26 103.00 108.33 102.67 104.67 100.53 1070 1033.07 17.22 1957 18.03 17.00 17.03 17.36 17.32 94.00 103.00 93.67 96.89 98.93 1016 1035.27 15.56 1949 16.90 16.90 18.73 17.51 17.21 103.67 104.33 89.00 99.00 99.13 1032 1028.93 21.17 1940 18.03 16.70 17.03 17.26 17.27 94.00 98.33 93.67 95.33 97.84 1026 1019.47 17.18 1918 17.00 16.93 17.03 16.99 17.15 102.67 103.00 93.67 99.78 99.60 1000 1043.20 14.77 1911 18.03 17.03 16.67 17.24 17.04 94.00 93.67 107.00 98.22 100.44 1023 1039.27 13.68 1905 16.77 16.80 16.67 16.74 16.86 108.33 101.67 107.00 105.67 103.13 1135 1052.33 15.93 1898 16.97 16.90 17.00 16.96 16.93 103.33 103.67 102.67 103.22 103.60 1012 1074.60 16.73 1889 16.90 16.63 15.60 16.38 16.80 103.67 106.00 116.67 108.78 105.00 1092 1091.93 17.44 1878 16.77 16.67 18.60 17.34 16.78 108.33 107.00 91.00 102.11 104.87 1111 1086.60 15.15 1866 16.77 16.07 16.97 16.60 16.77 108.33 104.00 103.33 105.22 105.18 1110 1098.40 16.29 1854 16.77 16.07 17.00 16.61 16.97 108.33 104.00 102.67 105.00 103.49 1108 1112.47 14.77 1842 16.97 16.77 17.00 16.91 16.82 103.33 108.33 102.67 104.78 104.07 1071 1112.00 17.08 1829 18.60 16.77 16.80 17.39 16.83 91.00 108.33 101.67 100.33 104.02 1162 1111.80 16.55 1815 16.07 17.00 16.77 16.61 16.82 104.00 102.67 108.33 105.00 104.07 1109 1112.07 16.12 1801 16.77 16.07 17.00 16.61 16.78 108.33 104.00 102.67 105.00 103.76 1109 1107.27 13.82 1787 16.77 16.07 16.97 16.60 16.60 108.33 104.00 103.33 105.22 105.16 1110 1091.93 18.65 1773 16.07 16.93 17.00 16.67 16.62 104.00 103.00 102.67 103.22 104.78 1047 1079.93 15.94 1759 15.60 17.00 17.00 16.53 16.59 116.67 102.67 102.67 107.33 105.62 1085 1087.20 12.93 1731 17.00 16.07 17.00 16.69 16.66 102.67 104.00 102.67 103.11 105.20 1049 1067.27 17.30 1703 15.60 17.00 16.77 16.46 16.55 116.67 102.67 108.33 109.22 106.49 1145 1094.47 15.68 1689 16.90 16.93 17.00 16.94 16.58 103.67 103.00 102.67 103.11 105.67 1010 1086.80 18.34 1675 16.77 16.07 15.60 16.14 16.54 108.33 104.00 116.67 109.67 106.58 1183 1094.07 17.28 1647 16.07 16.93 17.00 16.67 16.61 104.00 103.00 102.67 103.22 104.89 1047 1071.87 14.60 1619 15.60 16.93 16.97 16.50 16.50 116.67 103.00 103.33 107.67 106.04 1085 1110.47 11.76 1592 17.00 17.33 16.07 16.80 16.59 103.00 95.33 104.00 100.78 105.11 1034 1095.53 19.17 1564 16.80 16.77 15.60 16.39 16.60 101.67 108.33 116.67 108.89 105.11 1203 1095.93 16.56 1550 16.07 17.00 16.77 16.61 16.64 104.00 102.67 108.33 105.00 104.22 1109 1088.80 17.27 1537 17.00 16.07 17.00 16.69 16.61 103.00 104.00 102.67 103.22 104.73 1049 1091.47 18.97 1524 17.00 16.07 17.00 16.69 16.72 102.67 104.00 103.00 103.22 103.58 1049 1052.87 15.71 1511 16.07 17.00 16.93 16.67 16.72 104.00 103.00 103.00 103.33 103.58 1047 1052.80 19.76 1498 17.00 16.93 16.90 16.94 16.74 102.67 103.00 103.67 103.11 103.87 1010 1047.27 19.19 1485 16.07 16.77 17.00 16.61 16.73 104.00 108.33 102.67 105.00 104.22 1108 1059.13 15.79 1473 16.63 16.90 16.90 16.81 16.71 106.00 104.33 103.67 104.67 104.87 1021 1080.20 17.39 1460 16.07 17.00 16.77 16.61 16.64 104.00 102.67 108.33 105.00 105.27 1109 1099.93 16.25 1447 16.07 16.77 16.87 16.57 16.70 104.00 108.33 107.33 106.56 105.18 1153 1092.33 18.04 1435 16.77 17.00 16.07 16.61 16.73 108.33 103.00 104.00 105.11 104.73 1109 1101.80 20.15 1421 17.00 17.00 16.77 16.92 16.74 102.67 102.67 108.33 104.56 104.38 1070 1089.87 17.95 1377 17.00 17.00 16.80 16.93 16.76 103.00 102.67 101.67 102.44 103.71 1069 1068.80 20.84 1317 16.07 17.00 17.00 16.69 16.86 104.00 103.00 102.67 103.22 102.76 1049 1045.93 17.12 1272 16.07 16.93 17.00 16.67 16.87 104.00 103.00 102.67 103.22 102.49 1047 1034.40 15.31 1228 17.33 16.93 17.00 17.09 16.81 95.33 103.00 102.67 100.33 102.71 994 1030.27 19.61 1197 16.90 16.97 17.00 16.96 16.80 103.67 103.33 102.67 103.22 102.76 1013 1030.13 16.26 1166 16.93 16.90 16.07 16.63 16.88 103.00 103.67 104.00 103.56 102.24 1048 1019.67 17.16 1135 16.07 16.97 16.93 16.66 16.87 104.00 103.33 103.00 103.44 102.31 1048 1019.80 21.07 1122 17.33 16.90 16.93 17.06 16.82 95.33 103.67 103.00 100.67 102.29 995 1027.00 14.15 1089 16.90 16.93 17.33 17.06 16.89 103.67 103.00 95.33 100.67 102.13 995 1019.53 15.37 1068 16.07 17.00 17.00 16.69 16.98 104.00 102.67 102.67 103.11 101.56 1049 1009.20 17.58 1049 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 16.96 102.67 102.67 103.00 102.78 102.07 1011 1012.67 22.15 1020 16.90 17.33 17.00 17.08 16.88 103.67 95.33 102.67 100.56 102.56 997 1023.40 18.47 1010 16.90 16.97 17.00 16.96 16.88 103.67 103.33 102.67 103.22 102.56 1012 1023.40 17.31 991 16.07 17.00 17.00 16.69 16.88 104.00 102.67 102.67 103.11 102.60 1049 1023.53 17.65 973 17.00 17.00 16.07 16.69 16.85 102.67 102.67 104.00 103.11 103.11 1049 1026.53 18.36 934 17.00 16.90 17.00 16.97 16.86 102.67 103.67 102.67 103.00 103.07 1011 1026.33 16.00 912 17.00 16.90 17.00 16.97 16.91 102.67 103.67 103.00 103.11 103.04 1012 1018.87 22.18 897 17.00 16.90 17.00 16.97 16.90 102.67 103.67 102.67 103.00 103.71 1011 1029.67 18.53 883 17.00 17.00 16.90 16.97 16.90 102.67 102.67 103.67 103.00 103.71 1011 1029.67 20.79 859 16.90 15.60 17.40 16.63 16.84 103.67 116.67 99.00 106.44 103.78 1103 1037.20 14.86 805 17.00 16.90 17.00 16.97 16.84 102.67 103.67 102.67 103.00 103.78 1011 1037.20 17.45 731 17.00 16.07 16.90 16.66 16.84 102.67 104.00 103.67 103.44 103.78 1049 1037.20 17.58 684 17.00 16.90 17.00 16.97 16.89 102.67 103.67 102.67 103.00 103.20 1011 1019.27 18.92 652 16.90 17.00 17.00 16.97 16.91 103.67 102.67 102.67 103.00 102.73 1011 1016.00 21.76 622 17.00 16.90 16.77 16.89 16.94 102.67 103.67 104.33 103.56 102.18 1013 1008.07 18.15 575 16.90 17.33 16.93 17.06 16.94 103.67 95.33 103.00 100.67 102.20 995 1008.13 15.85 500 16.63 16.90 16.93 16.82 16.94 106.00 103.67 92.33 100.67 102.20 1010 1008.13 15.72 489 17.00 16.90 17.00 16.97 16.95 103.00 103.67 102.67 103.11 102.13 1012 1008.00 14.07 444 17.00 17.00 16.90 16.97 16.92 102.67 102.67 103.67 103.00 102.62 1011 1010.93 16.54 404 17.00 17.00 16.77 16.92 16.96 102.67 102.67 104.33 103.22 103.04 1012 1011.20 20.10 384 16.90 16.93 17.00 16.94 16.96 103.67 103.00 102.67 103.11 103.02 1010 1011.13 15.94 364 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 16.96 102.67 103.00 102.67 102.78 103.04 1011 1011.27 16.16 327 17.00 17.00 16.90 16.97 16.98 102.67 102.67 103.67 103.00 102.96 1011 1011.00 17.55 294 17.00 17.00 16.90 16.97 16.99 102.67 103.00 103.67 103.11 102.89 1012 1011.27 19.21 266 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.01 102.67 102.67 103.00 102.78 102.69 1011 1014.60 17.23 238 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 16.98 102.67 102.67 103.00 102.78 102.91 1011 1015.67 15.94 225 17.00 16.90 17.40 17.10 16.98 102.67 103.67 99.00 101.78 102.89 1028 1015.53 15.01 211 16.90 17.00 16.63 16.84 16.95 103.67 102.67 106.00 104.11 102.47 1017 1015.27 16.00 183 17.00 17.00 16.90 16.97 16.87 102.67 102.67 103.67 103.00 102.64 1011 1023.13 19.15 156 16.63 16.90 16.93 16.82 16.79 106.00 103.67 92.33 100.67 102.91 1010 1027.33 11.52 129 17.00 16.07 16.77 16.61 16.84 102.67 104.00 104.33 103.67 102.13 1050 1023.13 23.91 102 17.00 17.00 16.07 16.69 16.85 102.67 102.67 104.00 103.11 102.09 1049 1023.00 19.55 85 17.00 17.00 17.33 17.11 16.87 102.67 102.67 95.33 100.22 102.60 996 1023.53 16.94 68 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 16.88 102.67 102.67 103.00 102.78 102.49 1011 1023.20 23.28 28 17.00 17.00 16.77 16.92 16.93 102.67 102.67 104.33 103.22 102.49 1012 1015.47 22.49 -16 17.00 17.00 16.07 16.69 16.91 102.67 102.67 104.00 103.11 103.00 1049 1018.53 15.20 -61 16.90 16.93 17.00 16.94 16.92 103.67 103.00 102.67 103.11 102.58 1010 1015.40 18.00 -107 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 16.93 102.67 102.67 103.00 102.78 102.53 1011 1015.20 17.56 -130 16.90 17.33 16.93 17.06 16.96 103.67 95.33 103.00 100.67 102.73 995 1008.80 13.14 -152 17.00 17.00 16.90 16.97 16.96 102.67 102.67 103.67 103.00 102.78 1011 1009.00 17.32 -193 16.90 17.00 16.63 16.84 16.95 103.67 102.67 106.00 104.11 102.87 1017 1009.27 19.59 -229 16.90 16.93 16.97 16.93 16.93 103.67 103.00 103.33 103.33 103.38 1011 1012.80 16.76 -261 16.90 16.97 17.00 16.96 16.93 103.67 103.33 102.67 103.22 103.40 1012 1012.47 17.78 -294 16.90 17.00 16.97 16.96 16.95 103.67 102.67 103.33 103.22 103.20 1013 1011.07 15.26 -312 17.00 16.90 16.93 16.94 16.95 102.67 103.67 103.00 103.11 103.16 1010 15.94 -331 16.90 17.00 16.93 16.94 103.67 102.67 103.00 103.11 1010 18.00 -365 16.90 17.00 16.93 16.94 103.67 102.67 103.00 103.11 16.01