Folgefonna, Western Norway Glacial Lake Sediment Data and ELA Reconstruction ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Folgefonna, Western Norway Glacial Lake Sediment Data and ELA Reconstruction LAST UPDATE: 3/2006 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Dr. Jostein Bakke, University of Bergen. IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2006-028 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Bakke, J., et al. 2006. Folgefonna, Western Norway Glacial Lake Sediment Data and ELA Reconstruction. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2006-028. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Bakke, J., Ø. Lie, A. Nesje, S. Olaf Dahl, and Ø. Paasche. 2005. Utilizing physical sediment variability in glacier-fed lakes for continuous glacier reconstructions during the Holocene, northern Folgefonna, western Norway. The Holocene 15,2 (2005) pp. 161-176 ABSTRACT: The maritime plateau glacier of northern Folgefonna in western Norway has a short (subdecadal) response time to climatic shifts, and is therefore well suited for reconstructing high-resolution glacier fluctuations. The reconstruction presented here is based on physical parameters of glaciolacustrine sediments retrieved from two glacier-fed lakes and a peat bog north of the ice cap. Bulk density and modelled glacier net mass balance for the last 200 years show a remarkably similar pattern, where maximum sediment yield lags the glacier net mass balance by~10 years. The record of glacier variations has been transferred into an equilibrium- line altitude (ELA) variation curve. Glaciers respond primarily to changes in summer temperature and winter precipitation. At present there is a high correlation between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index and measured (since the early 1960s) net mass balance on maritime glaciers in western Norway (r= ~0.8). Reconstructed glacier variations from maritime western Norway are therefore considered indicative of the strength of the westerly airflow associated with NAO during the Holocene. The early phase of mid- Holocene glacier growth (5200 cal. yr BP) was characterized by gradual glacier expansion culminating in the first Subatlantic glacial event at 2300 cal. yr BP. The climate during the last 2200 years has favoured increased glacier activity at Folgefonna. High-amplitude shifts in ELA may be explained by unstable modes of the westerlies causing significant variability of winter precipitation. During the last 2000 years, Folgefonna expanded and decayed with significant decadal variability. During the latest period of the 'Mediaeval Warm Epoch', Folgefonna advanced. The Neoglacial maximum, however, was reached during the 'Little Ice Age' at AD 1750 and AD 1870. The northern Folgefonna glacial record is compared to other Holocene glacier records in Scandinavia. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Northern Europe PERIOD OF RECORD: 6 KYrBP - Present FUNDING SOURCE: NORPEC, University of Bergen, and Norwegian Research Council (NFR). DESCRIPTION: Folgefonna, Western Norway Glacial Lake Sediment Data and ELA Reconstruction. The lakes Dravladalsvatn (60° 15'N 6° 27'E, 938m.elev) and Vassdalsvatn (60°21'N 6°59'E, 490m. elev.), have inflow of meltwater from northern Folgefonna, and were used to reconstruct ELA. The two glacial-fed lakes were cored using a modified piston corer taking up to 6 m long cores with diameter 110 mm. In Dravladalsvatn, an HTH gravity corer was used to retrieve sediments from the uppermost part of the lake sediments. The laboratory analyses of the cores from Dravladalsvatn included (sampling resolution on all parameters ~0.5 cm) magnetic susceptibility (MS), weight loss-on-ignition (LOI), dry bulk density (g/cm3) (DBD), water content and grain-size analysis using a Micromeretics Sedigraph 5100 (X-ray determination) (Master-Tech, 1993). Grain-size statistics were performed by Gradistat 4.0 (Blott and Pye, 2001). Analyses of the two cores from Vassdalsvatn include LOI and MS. Twenty-five bulk samples and four plant macrofossil samples were AMS dated from Dravladalsvatn and Vassdalsvatn. DATA: 1. Dravladalsvatn Core 1 sediment data Column 1: Depth cm. Column 2: Dry Bulk Density (DBD) g/cm3 Column 3: Loss-on-ignition (LOI) (the samples were ignited for 1 h at 550C) Column 4: Magnetic Susceptibility (MS) (SI 10E-5) Depth DBD LOI MS 3.5 0.6586 4.539933192 28 4 0.7313 4.526186244 35 4.5 0.7604 4.445028932 22 5 0.6977 4.701160957 15 5.5 0.6254 5.244643428 21 6 0.6019 5.798305366 26 6.5 0.6216 5.791505792 30 7 0.6537 5.094079853 40 7.5 0.7194 4.587155963 33 8 0.6201 5.450733753 24 8.5 0.6597 5.411550705 15 9 0.645 5.410852713 14 9.5 0.7407 4.873768057 18 10 0.6957 4.901538019 32 10.5 0.6882 5.18744551 55 11 0.8106 3.762644954 53 11.5 0.7675 4.586319218 46 12 0.6497 5.248576266 49 12.5 0.5966 5.64867583 63 13 0.6609 5.205023453 42 13.5 0.6611 5.021933142 19 14 0.6556 5.369127517 24 14.5 0.6539 5.413671815 37 15 0.6739 5.267843894 42 15.5 0.6408 5.383895131 43 16 0.621 5.297906602 44 16.5 0.652 5.214723926 43 17 0.7245 4.665286404 45 17.5 0.8709 5.006315306 59 18 0.828 3.671497585 66 18.5 0.7521 3.749501396 83 19 0.8116 3.671759487 62 19.5 0.7756 4.125838061 56 20 0.6678 4.926624738 70 20.5 0.6285 5.759745426 79 21 0.7229 4.647945774 47 21.5 0.5979 8.63020572 44 22 0.6516 8.809085328 44 22.5 0.5758 9.916637721 41 23 0.5836 8.97875257 64 23.5 0.6542 8.239070621 55 24 0.5261 9.503896598 46 24.5 0.6715 6.924795235 42 25 0.6257 7.431676522 42 25.5 0.6904 5.243337196 27 26 0.528 6.079545455 11 26.5 0.5098 5.982738329 11 27 0.6053 3.386750372 12 27.5 0.6036 5.384360504 13 28 0.5696 5.266853933 16 28.5 0.6521 5.060573532 27 29 0.7618 4.843791021 36 29.5 0.7659 4.700352526 58 30 0.7347 4.954403158 57 30.5 0.7002 5.38417595 52 31 0.5917 6.405272942 52 31.5 0.6765 6.149297857 37 32 0.6151 5.332466266 37 32.5 0.6825 5.216117216 47 33 0.6371 5.242505101 47 33.5 0.625 5.76 39 34 0.6785 5.585851142 44 34.5 0.9636 3.673723537 48 35 0.8369 3.895327996 54 35.5 0.9699 3.56737808 69 36 0.9225 3.772357724 76 36.5 0.7496 4.295624333 64 37 0.8005 4.159900062 59 37.5 0.862 3.955916473 60 38 0.8236 3.788246722 63 38.5 0.734 4.509536785 36 39 0.9274 4.388613328 24 39.5 0.6869 4.483913233 44 40 0.6544 4.935819071 46 40.5 0.6562 4.754647973 50 41 0.6586 4.479198299 58 41.5 0.7022 4.0729137 63 42 0.6989 4.020603806 64 42.5 0.7688 3.928199792 67 43 0.7736 4.563081696 47 43.5 0.5816 4.986244842 27 44 0.6073 4.577638729 17 44.5 0.7018 4.67369621 15 45 0.7747 5.214921905 15 45.5 0.6543 4.753171328 19 46 0.51 6.117647059 29 46.5 0.5685 6.068601583 35 47 0.5989 5.359826348 19 47.5 0.5667 5.523204517 24 48 0.5969 3.467917574 37 48.5 0.5844 5.3045859 42 49 0.6109 4.87804878 43 49.5 0.5698 5.335205335 37 50 0.6058 4.770551337 19 50.5 0.4784 6.43812709 15 51 0.5414 5.652013299 14 51.5 0.5559 5.666486778 18 52 0.5775 5.61038961 20 52.5 0.5657 5.479936362 21 53 0.5718 5.578873732 28 53.5 0.4858 6.66941128 21 54 0.4063 8.023627861 12 54.5 0.4058 7.959586003 11 55 0.4391 7.150990663 13 55.5 0.4741 6.032482599 16 56 0.4987 6.055744937 20 56.5 0.4949 6.243685593 21 57 0.4416 7.608695652 16 57.5 0.437 8.672768879 10 58 0.4725 7.047619048 16 58.5 0.5253 5.939463164 27 59 0.5293 5.951256376 28 59.5 0.5335 5.885660731 31 60 0.5859 5.683563748 17 60.5 0.4579 8.604498799 11 61 0.4336 8.717712177 11 61.5 0.4484 7.827832293 16 62 0.4768 7.235738255 22 62.5 0.4561 7.257180443 23 63 0.4609 7.073117813 21 63.5 0.4668 7.112253642 23 64 0.4975 7.115577889 23 64.5 0.4715 7.126193001 16 65 0.4526 7.291206363 14 65.5 0.3745 9.506008011 16 66 0.4658 7.835981108 18 66.5 0.4513 7.578107689 11 67 0.4024 8.672962227 10 67.5 0.3122 11.97950032 13 68 0.3681 9.45395273 18 68.5 0.3734 8.730583824 18 69 0.4009 7.90720878 16 69.5 0.3222 10.955928 9 70 0.3419 12.81076338 8 70.5 0.2976 11.65994624 8 71 0.3288 9.489051095 9 71.5 0.3089 10.48883134 10 72 0.2968 11.42183288 12 72.5 0.3034 11.17336849 17 73 0.3621 9.555371444 18 73.5 0.3472 9.677419355 20 74 0.29 11.51724138 14 74.5 0.2765 12.33273056 9 75 0.288 12.22222222 8 75.5 0.314 12.4522293 8 76 0.2963 11.98110024 9 76.5 0.3303 10.41477445 9 77 0.3365 10.40118871 8 77.5 0.2847 13.59325606 7 78 0.2771 14.00216528 7 78.5 0.274 12.48175182 7 79 0.28 12.28571429 8 79.5 0.2639 12.23948465 8 80 0.2561 12.22178836 8 80.5 0.2591 12.08027788 7 81 0.2385 12.83018868 7 81.5 0.2505 13.01397206 7 82 0.2587 11.94433707 7 82.5 0.2508 11.64274322 6 83 0.2732 10.79795022 7 83.5 0.2591 11.1539946 7 84 0.2902 10.44107512 9 84.5 0.2959 9.935789118 9 85 0.3561 8.536927829 8 85.5 0.3446 9.082994777 7 86 0.3147 9.56466476 7 86.5 0.3118 10.03848621 7 87 0.3537 9.30166808 9 87.5 0.4059 8.474993841 9 88 0.4343 7.966843196 11 88.5 0.3643 8.509470217 9 89 0.4493 7.033162698 10 89.5 0.5028 5.767700875 13 90 0.5991 4.673677182 18 90.5 0.6449 4.450302372 17 91 0.8306 3.371057067 16 91.5 0.9839 2.794999492 17 92 1.0229 2.551569068 22 92.5 1.0759 2.463054187 48 93 1.0616 2.552750565 35 93.5 1.082 2.541589649 38 94 1.0726 2.629125489 42 94.5 1.0402 3.941549702 46 95 1.2315 2.565976451 64 95.5 1.1028 2.693144723 74 96 1.1316 2.45669848 69 96.5 1.0995 2.446566621 65 97 1.0188 2.237926973 67 2. Dravladalsvatn Core 2 sediment data Column 1: Depth cm. Column 2: Loss-on-ignition (LOI) (the samples were ignited for 1 h at 550C) Column 3: Dry Bulk Density (DBD) g/cm3 Column 4: Magnetic Susceptibility (MS) (SI 10E-5) Depth LOI DBD MS 0.5 5.230482694 0.6443 66 1 6.261740764 0.6388 63 1.5 9.301886792 0.53 48 2 8.580738595 0.5524 41 2.5 5.930211535 0.5531 41 3 5.833730726 0.6291 42 3.5 6.44828095 0.6777 32 4 6.93254401 0.6419 36 4.5 6.418157222 0.6653 33 5 6.406374502 0.6275 27 5.5 5.932327523 0.6827 27 6 6.053516596 0.6839 27 6.5 6.289209536 0.6376 23 7 6.198022909 0.6373 26 7.5 5.947894478 0.6103 28 8 5.942417141 0.5974 36 8.5 6.053268765 0.5782 35 9 6.322920587 0.5314 34 9.5 6.403599862 0.5778 41 10 6.105834464 0.5159 57 10.5 5.930359086 0.5514 43 11 5.859305432 0.5615 69 11.5 5.556415416 0.6461 59 12 5.646890636 0.5596 45 12.5 5.400284225 0.6333 39 13 5.742987111 0.5276 44 13.5 5.725640271 0.6794 43 14 5.535576676 0.7786 44 14.5 5.473926822 0.6942 38 15 5.371160997 0.7261 34 15.5 5.081694821 0.7222 33 16 5.385874011 0.7334 40 16.5 5.366126328 0.7156 36 17 5.318394554 0.7051 29 17.5 5.349852175 0.7103 28 18 4.871237977 0.6446 53 18.5 4.862085086 0.6417 30 19 4.76534296 0.6925 27 19.5 5.544871795 0.624 31 20 5.635606788 0.6246 29 20.5 6.443117978 0.5696 29 21 6.855184233 0.5835 31 21.5 7.339136371 0.5859 30 22 6.654445463 0.5455 31 22.5 6.712010023 0.5587 31 23 5.495026054 0.4222 34 23.5 6.048976608 0.5472 39 24 6.119862394 0.5523 43 24.5 5.527638191 0.5771 43 25 5.727109515 0.557 44 25.5 6.810311658 0.5198 44 26 6.608251187 0.5478 39 26.5 6.731790189 0.4709 30 27 6.53275765 0.5327 28 27.5 6.100933287 0.5786 34 28 6.370896185 0.5635 51 28.5 6.132075472 0.5936 46 29 6.328451883 0.5736 48 29.5 6.199086032 0.5033 47 30 5.879301401 0.5783 46 30.5 5.831602492 0.6259 45 31 5.988399436 0.6379 57 31.5 6.044799018 0.6518 60 32 6.088703446 0.6471 74 32.5 6.322378717 0.639 87 33 6.199171398 0.6517 64 33.5 6.032130949 0.6598 72 34 5.280933374 0.6514 64 34.5 5.451015532 0.6696 59 35 5.184115523 0.6925 48 35.5 4.566152289 0.7906 51 36 4.273827534 0.7932 57 36.5 4.475371811 0.7329 66 37 4.265463918 0.776 71 37.5 4.51589152 0.8149 61 38 4.590539166 0.7864 73 38.5 4.689529748 0.7698 76 39 4.61341853 0.7825 63 39.5 4.462257849 0.7485 50 40 4.583672362 0.7374 49 40.5 4.716216216 0.74 57 41 4.614128216 0.7347 48 41.5 4.874517375 0.6216 45 42 4.555932203 0.7375 44 42.5 4.604154969 0.7124 50 43 4.586281981 0.7348 51 43.5 4.816709292 0.7038 51 44 5.163204748 0.674 47 44.5 5.204517705 0.6552 46 45 5.395406197 0.6487 46 45.5 5.619412516 0.6264 33 46 5.698822031 0.6282 46 46.5 5.564063298 0.5877 55 47 5.613270777 0.5968 57 47.5 5.47598989 0.5935 44 48 5.392156863 0.5916 25 48.5 5.551894563 0.607 22 49 5.128633478 0.5986 22 49.5 4.932222767 0.6123 31 50 4.937883315 0.6359 43 50.5 5.47112462 0.6251 46 51 5.497470489 0.593 47 51.5 5.268901013 0.6415 39 52 5.504441624 0.6304 30 52.5 5.435978005 0.6365 36 53 5.330102968 0.6604 38 53.5 5.215862473 0.5119 36 54 5.406633348 0.6603 34 54.5 5.513666352 0.6366 36 55 5.695405916 0.6356 37 55.5 6.478825713 0.5927 38 56 6.058673469 0.6272 35 56.5 6.485424173 0.6106 33 57 6.793478261 0.5888 34 57.5 7.139134966 0.5757 31 58 7.383657017 0.5458 37 58.5 7.614403601 0.5332 32 59 7.742181541 0.5244 37 59.5 7.813113467 0.5094 34 60 7.60953113 0.5204 28 60.5 7.536691789 0.5042 36 61 7.393067847 0.5424 32 61.5 7.238961531 0.5277 17 62 6.924460432 0.556 15 62.5 6.832781779 0.5137 21 63 7.130872483 0.4768 20 63.5 7.493787039 0.5231 18 64 7.338373306 0.7672 14 64.5 8.346492217 0.4433 14 65 7.506336518 0.5129 18 65.5 6.994645248 0.5976 17 66 7.618683002 0.5224 23 66.5 7.591743119 0.436 33 67 8.226181255 0.6455 38 67.5 7.937319026 0.5871 34 68 6.180207932 0.5194 27 68.5 6.210846608 0.5587 27 69 6.670625495 0.5052 29 69.5 7.280513919 0.5137 34 70 6.922320551 0.5085 26 70.5 6.628870475 0.4586 18 71 7.000186672 0.5357 20 71.5 6.944178016 0.5213 19 72 7.01863354 0.483 20 72.5 7.243500695 0.5039 22 73 7.390253725 0.4966 24 73.5 7.871307163 0.4942 22 74 8.127128263 0.4405 21 74.5 9.062218215 0.4436 23 75 9.780578898 0.4284 20 75.5 9.992776306 0.4153 16 76 9.797214757 0.4093 17 76.5 9.589694656 0.4192 15 77 9.344845099 0.3938 16 77.5 9.184900216 0.4159 16 78 8.486916951 0.4395 17 78.5 8.532423208 0.4395 18 79 8.369840904 0.4337 19 79.5 7.942898975 0.2732 26 80 9.126708362 0.4317 24 80.5 8.672022684 0.4232 18 81 9.155446756 0.4085 17 81.5 9.627727856 0.3895 15 82 9.303534304 0.3848 16 82.5 8.685162847 0.4145 21 83 8.904905836 0.4301 25 83.5 8.610169492 0.4425 18 84 8.770595691 0.3945 23 84.5 8.469273743 0.4475 24 85 7.86607503 0.4958 24 85.5 7.65296085 0.5083 25 86 7.44517122 0.5198 27 86.5 8.044435932 0.5221 21 87 8.227967541 0.5299 18 87.5 9.010280185 0.4961 15 88 9.039203738 0.4923 16 88.5 9.412762349 0.4717 16 89 9.56823606 0.4609 19 89.5 9.360625575 0.4348 17 90 9.528030135 0.4513 19 90.5 9.912402029 0.4338 24 91 10.18715944 0.4221 24 91.5 10.16949153 0.4189 19 92 10.17667845 0.4245 16 92.5 9.241288046 0.4534 16 93 8.934998941 0.4723 17 93.5 9.030239833 0.4795 19 94 8.470722001 0.5277 18 94.5 9.203930219 0.4987 18 95 9.216313475 0.5002 16 95.5 9.24722164 0.4769 15 96 9.675366009 0.4713 18 96.5 10.15801354 0.443 21 97 10.79171742 0.4105 15 97.5 10.5899076 0.4221 11 98 10.79046424 0.3985 12 98.5 10.59393939 0.4125 11 99 10.73133953 0.3979 10 99.5 10.91593476 0.3985 10 100 10.83097505 0.3887 12 100.5 10.32078103 0.4302 16 101 10.63480909 0.4269 18 101.5 10.93712358 0.4151 15 102 11.76012461 0.3852 12 102.5 12.58160237 0.337 11 103 11.9752422 0.3716 10 103.5 12.58316459 0.3457 11 104 11.88172043 0.372 11 104.5 12.18574386 0.3381 10 105 12.22473179 0.3542 10 105.5 12.18967922 0.3585 10 106 12.05308776 0.3692 11 106.5 12.3943662 0.355 10 107 12.73705067 0.3533 13 107.5 12.53661394 0.3414 10 108 13.70314843 0.3335 12 108.5 13.79310345 0.3364 15 109 13.91737474 0.3413 13 109.5 13.78431928 0.3533 12 110 14.18740074 0.3778 12 110.5 15.34407936 0.3226 13 111 15.6219865 0.3111 15 111.5 15.1673319 0.3257 14 112 15.01117854 0.3131 11 112.5 15.29709229 0.3164 11 113 15.34373962 0.3011 12 113.5 15.32994924 0.2955 13 114 16.35791681 0.2861 12 114.5 16.1068978 0.2769 12 115 15.52562664 0.2673 12 115.5 14.15122988 0.3293 12 116 13.79310345 0.3596 18 116.5 14.33031533 0.3203 21 117 13.9244186 0.344 19 117.5 13.96595208 0.3172 15 118 11.56736447 0.3726 14 118.5 10.97268807 0.4174 14 119 10.25337438 0.4223 11 119.5 10.73840612 0.4442 11 120 10.44568245 0.4308 15 120.5 10.97762073 0.4245 15 121 12.15114843 0.4049 13 121.5 12.55751015 0.3695 13 122 14.98489426 0.331 19 122.5 14.45819499 0.3313 40 123 15.03038056 0.3127 30 123.5 14.01446655 0.3318 27 124 13.94434362 0.3306 15 124.5 13.21163366 0.3232 12 125 11.27670144 0.4026 10 125.5 10.45364892 0.4056 9 126 11.48925899 0.4143 10 126.5 11.25944584 0.397 14 127 11.35043562 0.4132 21 127.5 11.14161519 0.4371 23 128 13.9541803 0.3361 24 128.5 15.51507538 0.3184 21 129 13.80977969 0.3722 22 129.5 12.31310466 0.3411 15 130 12.82707622 0.3516 16 130.5 11.85433884 0.3872 13 131 8.942225998 0.4708 10 131.5 12.79853031 0.3266 10 132 9.968399885 0.3481 8 132.5 10.08936971 0.4252 9 133 10.8690013 0.3855 8 133.5 15.70776256 0.3285 11 134 15.63042723 0.2879 14 134.5 16.34615385 0.2912 12 135 16.78960309 0.2847 19 135.5 16.91433566 0.2288 13 136 16.80058437 0.2738 13 136.5 17.43810549 0.2787 11 137 16.29654937 0.2927 9 137.5 15.85874799 0.3115 6 138 16.36655949 0.311 9 138.5 16.91374663 0.2968 11 139 16.79867987 0.303 12 139.5 17.43444366 0.2822 20 140 15.70222083 0.3197 13 140.5 17.3381295 0.278 9 141 17.79911374 0.2708 10 141.5 17.52310536 0.2705 10 142 18.12665908 0.2637 10 142.5 17.93440335 0.2866 11 143 16.27200971 0.3294 10 143.5 16.45482652 0.2911 14 144 17.68982229 0.2476 17 144.5 17.56457565 0.271 13 145 19.05499613 0.2582 20 145.5 19.29755328 0.2534 18 146 19.15662651 0.249 16 146.5 20.18875667 0.2437 17 147 20.0087184 0.2294 14 147.5 20.17130621 0.2335 2 148 20.23884349 0.3182 10 148.5 20.25472473 0.2434 15 149 19.85456845 0.3163 12 149.5 19.71338693 0.2861 13 150 20.07064868 0.3114 11 150.5 18.83994767 0.2293 0 151 18.05758907 0.2049 1 151.5 16.45041705 0.2158 0 152 14.82952665 0.3021 1 3. Vassdalsvatn Core 1 LOI data Column 1: Depth cm. Column 2: Loss-on-ignition (LOI) (the samples were ignited for 1 h at 550C) Depth LOI 1 14.71 2 14.08 3 12.33 4 12.79 5 12.87 6 14.92 7 13.26 8 11.38 9 10.05 10 10.73 11 11.18 12 11.99 13 13.19 14 13.02 15 12.74 16 10.92 17 9.44 18 9.87 19 9.48 20 10.64 21 10.55 22 13.03 23 18.02 24 19.4 25 16.29 26 17.01 27 17.81 28 23.53 29 22.39 30 30.29 31 32.1 32 25.76 33 23.6 34 19.21 35 17.5 36 14.34 37 12.52 38 13.1 39 12.56 40 12.14 41 15.22 42 17.92 43 18.05 44 19.83 45 17.53 46 17.86 47 13.01 48 12.91 49 13.45 50 13.24 51 12.67 52 14.51 53 13.95 54 12.24 55 11.63 56 11.72 57 11.99 58 11.93 59 13.64 60 14.34 61 14.31 62 14.22 63 14.88 64 14.59 65 16.05 66 15.65 67 14.09 68 14.39 69 14.65 70 13.69 71 14.26 72 12.73 73 12.87 74 13.59 75 18.45 76 14.65 77 16.09 78 14.83 79 10.67 80 13.16 81 14.04 82 15.18 83 16.85 84 15.05 85 12.92 86 13.43 87 17.18 88 15.99 89 14.7 90 14.85 91 14.28 92 13.93 93 18.03 94 14.72 95 14.36 96 15.36 97 16.94 98 15.72 99 15.98 100 15.4 101 14.66 102 15.25 103 16.21 104 17.83 105 16.73 106 15.25 107 14.68 108 13.4 109 19.14 110 13.14 111 14.63 112 14.24 113 13.62 114 10.56 115 14.94 116 15.49 117 17.75 118 18.59 119 18.31 120 16.32 121 15.63 122 15.99 123 16.43 124 16.6 125 18.41 126 18.03 127 16.29 128 16.14 129 15.91 130 11.85 131 13.62 132 10.61 133 12.07 134 13.63 135 14.08 136 16.06 137 15.97 138 18.45 139 16.96 140 16.71 141 15.4 142 15.52 143 15.74 144 15.56 145 16.74 146 18.03 147 13.58 148 12.2 149 14.59 150 17.07 151 15.02 152 11.85 153 14.81 154 19.15 155 16.53 156 16.04 157 13.81 158 15.58 159 15.57 160 15.3 161 18.55 162 14.72 163 14.5 164 14.18 165 13.96 166 14.64 167 17 168 14.81 169 10.22 170 8.43 171 10.95 172 15.82 173 8.67 174 11.28 175 17.17 176 17.09 177 15.31 178 18.84 179 15.65 180 18.05 181 16.81 182 21.43 183 22.54 184 23.01 185 21.34 186 24.29 187 32.25 188 24.8 189 24.24 190 22.51 191 23.41 192 19.9 193 15.18 194 19.78 195 15.85 196 15.24 197 14.56 198 6.68 199 10.03 200 15.25 201 12.79 202 10.65 203 18.8 204 14.31 205 14.12 206 22.64 207 15.31 208 9.06 209 16.2 210 16.16 211 6.52 212 7.54 213 12.63 214 8.01 215 5.86 216 14.48 217 15.19 218 10.41 219 8.47 220 16.95 221 17.83 222 14.16 223 13.69 224 19.95 225 16.98 226 17.53 227 17.15 228 15.77 229 15.73 230 16.98 231 14.83 232 13.69 233 12.66 234 9.42 235 17.6 236 23.08 237 18.95 238 16.66 239 13.74 240 19.23 241 15.16 242 14.53 243 22.63 244 21.88 245 25.17 246 19.49 247 21.72 248 22.75 249 19.42 250 16.09 251 14.8 252 15.02 253 16.25 254 21.02 255 24.73 256 24.08 257 16.85 258 19.34 259 17.51 260 20.14 261 15.73 262 16.08 263 15.97 264 16.75 265 15.48 266 17.67 267 15.08 268 10.23 269 14.52 270 15.96 271 15.66 272 16.87 273 14.41 274 12.7 275 14.16 276 11.17 277 12.88 278 14.97 279 15.19 280 14.53 281 11.66 282 14.35 283 15.43 284 10.99 285 14.63 286 15.33 287 14.69 288 14.06 289 12.8 290 14.46 291 12.91 292 12.42 293 18.55 294 14.91 295 14.37 296 18.74 297 23.98 298 29.39 299 16.94 300 12.75 301 10.34 302 18.09 303 16.7 304 16.42 305 15.27 306 16.55 307 17.42 308 15.96 309 12.43 310 13.86 311 14.51 312 12.58 313 15.01 314 14.62 315 17.69 316 15.53 317 14.42 318 13.59 319 14.08 320 13.68 321 14.77 322 17.85 323 15.05 324 13.57 325 12.67 326 14.29 327 12.79 328 10.15 329 12.19 330 18.6 331 19.55 332 17.62 333 17.19 334 16.52 335 18.67 336 16.7 337 15.55 338 17.08 339 17.66 340 14.26 341 17.54 342 13.59 343 11.35 344 13.06 345 15.54 346 14.62 347 30.11 348 15.91 349 11.2 350 11.85 351 9.79 352 7.27 353 12.64 354 10.23 355 11.8 356 10.67 357 9.94 358 11.97 359 10.47 360 10.54 361 10.15 362 10.53 363 7.28 364 6.35 365 7.81 366 10.33 367 9.62 368 12.03 369 6.36 370 5.64 371 3.72 372 5.29 373 3.16 374 0.52 375 0.52 376 0.55 377 0.48 378 0.44 379 0.51 380 0.6 381 0.6 382 0.78 383 0.54 384 0.63 385 0.54 386 0.59 387 0.6 388 0.65 389 0.65 390 0.58 391 0.58 392 0.61 393 0.79 394 0.73 395 0.61 396 0.74 397 0.62 398 0.92 399 0.61 400 0.67 401 0.62 402 0.54 403 0.71 404 1.03 405 0.57 406 0.8 407 0.63 408 0.59 409 0.69 410 0.59 411 0.52 412 0.58 413 0.54 414 0.52 415 0.53 416 0.55 417 0.59 418 0.57 419 0.6 420 0.51 421 0.56 422 0.63 423 0.63 424 0.67 425 0.68 426 0.57 427 0.6 428 0.64 429 0.86 430 0.65 431 0.66 432 0.68 433 0.58 434 0.61 435 0.61 436 0.54 437 0.66 438 0.82 439 0.67 440 0.79 441 0.55 442 0.61 443 0.64 444 0.63 445 0.64 446 0.63 447 0.56 448 0.73 449 0.54 450 0.59 451 0.62 452 0.63 453 0.67 454 0.54 455 0.57 456 0.61 457 0.82 458 0.6 459 0.66 460 0.6 461 0.56 462 0.56 463 0.58 464 0.55 465 0.55 466 0.52 467 0.51 468 0.65 469 0.5 470 0.49 471 0.4 472 0.47 473 0.44 474 0.5 475 0.86 476 0.92 477 0.7 478 0.58 479 0.53 480 0.54 481 0.57 482 0.64 483 0.52 484 0.55 485 0.5 486 0.58 487 0.63 488 0.58 489 0.63 490 0.47 491 0.57 492 0.57 493 0.58 494 0.54 495 0.56 496 0.49 497 0.39 498 0.48 499 0.53 500 0.52 501 0.48 502 0.4 503 0.51 504 0.51 505 0.48 506 0.49 507 0.5 508 0.54 509 0.53 510 0.54 511 0.52 512 0.57 513 0.61 514 0.66 515 0.66 516 0.62 517 0.51 518 0.58 519 0.59 520 0.62 521 0.59 522 0.63 523 0.59 524 0.6 525 1.83 526 0.63 527 0.63 528 0.68 529 0.67 530 0.63 531 0.92 532 0.84 533 1.02 534 0.86 535 0.72 4. Vassdalsvatn Core 1 MS data Column 1: Depth cm. Column 2: Magnetic Susceptibility (MS) (SI 10E-5) Depth MS 0 0.29 2 0.44 4 0.58 6 0.73 8 0.73 10 0.88 12 1.02 14 1.17 16 1.17 18 1.17 20 1.17 22 1.31 24 1.31 26 1.31 28 1.17 30 1.17 32 1.02 34 0.88 36 0.73 38 0.88 40 0.88 42 1.02 44 1.17 46 1.02 48 1.02 50 0.88 52 0.88 54 0.73 56 0.73 58 0.88 60 0.88 62 0.88 64 0.88 66 0.88 68 0.88 70 0.73 72 0.73 74 0.73 76 0.88 78 0.88 80 0.73 82 0.73 84 0.88 86 0.88 88 0.88 90 0.88 92 0.88 94 0.73 96 0.88 98 0.88 100 0.88 102 0.88 104 0.73 106 0.88 108 0.73 110 0.73 112 0.73 114 0.73 116 0.73 118 0.88 120 0.88 122 0.88 124 0.73 126 0.73 128 0.73 130 0.73 132 0.73 134 0.88 136 0.88 138 1.02 140 1.17 142 1.02 144 0.88 146 0.88 148 0.73 150 0.88 152 0.88 154 0.88 156 0.88 158 0.88 160 0.73 162 0.88 164 0.88 166 0.88 168 1.02 170 1.02 172 1.17 174 1.31 176 1.31 178 1.46 180 1.61 182 1.61 184 1.61 186 1.46 188 1.46 190 1.46 192 1.46 194 1.46 196 1.31 198 1.17 200 1.31 202 1.46 204 1.46 206 1.61 208 1.61 210 1.75 212 1.61 214 1.61 216 1.61 218 1.61 220 1.61 222 1.75 224 1.61 226 1.46 228 1.46 230 1.31 232 1.02 234 1.02 236 0.88 238 0.88 240 1.02 242 1.17 244 1.17 246 1.17 248 1.02 250 1.17 252 1.02 254 1.02 256 0.88 258 0.88 260 1.02 262 0.88 264 0.88 266 0.88 268 0.88 268 0.88 270 0.88 270 0.88 272 0.88 272 0.44 274 0.15 274 0.46 276 0.62 276 0.79 278 0.81 278 0.83 280 0.85 282 0.72 284 0.88 286 0.76 288 0.78 290 0.8 292 0.67 294 0.69 296 0.56 298 0.44 300 0.46 302 0.62 304 0.79 306 0.66 308 0.53 310 0.55 312 0.57 314 0.44 316 0.61 318 0.63 320 0.5 322 0.38 324 0.54 326 0.56 328 0.58 330 0.6 332 0.62 334 0.49 336 0.36 338 0.38 340 0.55 342 0.57 344 0.59 346 0.9 348 0.92 350 0.79 352 0.96 354 1.12 356 1.01 358 1.16 360 1.03 362 1.05 364 1.07 366 1.24 368 1.4 370 1.57 372 2.03 374 2.92 376 4.84 378 7.63 380 9.55 382 10.74 384 12.07 386 14.28 388 17.07 390 19.72 392 22.51 394 24.87 396 27.22 398 30.02 400 32.52 402 34.14 404 34.6 406 34.62 408 34.35 410 33.49 412 32.64 414 31.92 416 31.94 418 32.69 420 33.73 422 34.92 424 36.55 426 38.9 428 41.26 430 43.47 432 45.09 434 46.43 436 47.18 438 48.22 440 48.97 442 49.86 444 50.32 446 50.78 448 51.09 450 51.25 452 51.27 454 51.73 456 52.48 458 53.52 460 54.56 462 55.89 464 56.64 466 57.39 468 57.56 470 57.87 472 58.33 474 58.78 476 59.24 478 59.55 480 59.43 482 58.86 484 58.3 486 57.88 488 57.46 490 56.6 492 56.18 494 55.47 496 54.76 498 54.49 500 54.51 502 55.11 504 56.15 506 57.2 508 58.38 510 59.57 512 60.17 514 60.48 516 60.65 518 61.25 520 61.56 522 61.44 524 60.87 526 59.87 528 58.43 530 56.99 532 55.99 534 54.84 536 53.98 538 53.27 540 51.98 5. Vassdalsvatn Core 2 LOI data Column 1: Depth cm. Column 2: Loss-on-ignition (LOI) (the samples were ignited for 1 h at 550C) Depth LOI 1 12.16 2 12 3 12.34 4 12.28 5 9.15 6 12.32 7 10.82 8 11.41 9 9.37 10 9.45 11 10.48 12 11.4 13 12.72 14 11.92 15 9.96 16 8.5 17 9.39 18 9.65 19 17.62 20 8.58 21 7.52 22 6.41 23 13.37 24 13.1 25 12.5 26 12.45 27 12.87 28 13.01 29 13.77 30 15.68 31 15.6 32 14.16 33 13.3 34 13.59 35 14.4 36 12.43 37 12.62 38 12 39 13.18 40 11.51 41 10.19 42 10.3 43 11.19 44 11.61 45 13.76 46 13.54 47 13.48 48 13.97 49 15.06 50 15.72 51 16.26 52 15.99 53 14.05 54 14.79 55 16.41 56 14.94 57 16.86 58 13.54 59 13.16 60 12.87 61 13.74 62 12.73 63 10.43 64 11.9 65 13.39 66 12.91 67 12.26 68 12.69 69 15.1 70 16 71 14.38 72 14.61 73 13.32 74 12.04 75 12.17 76 13.28 77 12.71 78 14.44 79 13.62 80 14.43 81 16.13 82 16.88 83 23.23 84 20.79 85 17.67 86 17.19 87 14.87 88 14.51 89 13.53 90 12.48 91 13.59 92 13.69 93 13.67 94 12.4 95 13.49 96 14.04 97 14.16 97 15.79 99 17.41 100 16.63 101 15.82 102 14.66 103 14.78 104 14.43 105 15.67 106 14.67 107 14.5 108 14.74 109 13.23 110 13.53 111 11.64 112 10.83 113 12.09 114 11.71 115 12.73 116 13.82 117 13.19 118 13.95 119 14.4 120 13.43 121 13.97 125 15.55 126 18.61 127 16.08 128 15.71 129 15.65 130 12.8 131 10.54 132 10.3 133 10.18 134 14.62 135 12.77 136 13.44 137 13.18 138 13.64 139 12.8 140 13.71 141 14.61 142 12.21 143 8.79 144 4.56 145 8.47 146 7.7 147 7.04 148 7.21 149 11.27 150 14.3 151 12.77 152 11.43 153 10.85 154 11.22 155 11.53 156 11.92 157 11.03 158 12.44 159 10.99 160 7.47 161 7.12 162 5.84 163 6.32 164 6.16 165 5.88 166 6.01 167 5.25 168 5.5 169 4.25 170 4.52 171 4.25 172 3.51 173 3.35 174 3.11 175 3.75 176 1.41 177 1.43 178 0.97 179 0.6 180 0.52 181 0.55 182 0.77 183 1.39 184 1.36 185 1.1 186 0.86 6. Vassdalsvatn Core 2 MS data Column 1: Depth cm. Column 2: Magnetic Susceptibility (MS) (SI 10E-5) Depth MS 0 0.58 2 1.02 4 1.46 6 1.6 8 1.89 10 2.33 12 3.06 14 4.08 16 5.1 18 5.97 20 5.97 22 5.82 24 6.55 26 7.72 28 9.03 30 10.05 32 9.91 34 8.01 36 6.11 38 4.94 40 4.06 42 3.33 44 3.18 46 3.18 48 3.18 50 3.18 52 3.32 54 3.17 56 2.59 58 2.44 60 2.15 62 2 64 1.85 66 1.85 68 1.7 70 1.7 72 1.7 74 1.7 76 1.55 78 1.7 80 1.55 82 1.55 84 1.55 86 1.55 88 1.4 90 1.4 92 1.25 94 1.1 96 1.25 98 1.25 100 1.39 102 1.39 104 1.53 106 1.53 108 1.38 110 1.24 112 1.38 114 1.38 116 1.52 118 1.52 120 1.52 122 1.67 124 1.66 126 1.52 128 1.22 130 1.08 132 0.93 134 0.93 136 0.93 138 1.22 140 1.22 142 1.36 144 1.36 146 1.36 148 1.36 150 1.35 152 1.65 154 1.64 156 1.64 158 1.64 160 1.79 162 1.49 164 1.49 166 1.49 168 1.34 170 1.34 172 1.49 174 1.63 176 1.63 178 1.77 180 2.06 182 2.65 184 3.67 186 5.56 188 9.94 190 15.2 192 17.68 194 17.24 196 16.65 198 14.9 200 16.51 202 22.81 204 27.35 206 30.58 208 32.78 210 34.4 212 36.32 214 38.52 216 41.17 218 43.23 220 44.85 222 45.74 224 46.92 226 48.11 228 49.14 230 49.74 232 49.47 234 49.77 236 49.94 238 49.95 240 48.36 242 47.79 244 47.22 246 46.07 248 45.65 250 45.23 252 45.1 254 45.55 256 46 258 46.46 260 46.91 262 46.93 264 46.65 266 46.52 268 46.54 270 47.14 272 48.46 274 50.09 276 51.27 278 51.87 280 52.32 282 53.07 284 53.67 286 54.41 288 55.31 290 56.05 292 55.92 294 55.5 296 54.78 298 54.22 300 53.94 302 54.54 304 55.72 306 56.61 308 56.78 310 56.5 312 56.66 314 56.97 316 58.88 318 62.11 320 64.61 322 65.35 324 64.93 326 64.65 328 64.09 330 63.96 332 64.26 334 64.86 336 65.17 338 64.31 340 63.3 342 63.03 344 63.33 346 63.5 348 63.37 350 63.24 352 62.81 354 61.37 356 60.22 358 60.09 360 60.39 362 60.7 364 60.57 366 60 368 57.83 370 55.8 372 53.48 374 50.57 376 47.82 378 46.08 380 45.8 382 45.67 384 46.42 386 49.21 388 55.21 390 62.67 392 68.96 394 66.06 396 53.52 398 35.29 400 19.39 402 7.72 404 3.07 7. Grain Size Data Column 1: Depth cm. Column 2: Percent Very Fine Sand Column 3: Percent Very Coarse Silt Column 4: Percent Coarse Silt Column 5: Percent Medium Silt Column 6: Percent Fine Silt Column 7: Percent Very Fine Silt Column 8: Percent Clay 1 VFSAND VCSILT CSILT MSILT FSILT VFSILT CLAY 1 0.41 10.8 20.06 20.59 21.19 11.83 15.12 2 0.36 12.07 16.52 18.59 20.25 12.58 19.64 3 0.36 7.58 14.63 20.5 23.21 14.67 19.05 4 0.26 8.94 15.59 20.2 22.45 12.47 20.09 5 0.35 5.65 16.44 22.44 21.61 13.58 19.93 6 0.22 3.79 13.36 21 23.37 15.75 22.51 7 0.03 6.01 14.67 19.63 21.36 16.28 22.03 8 0.56 5.84 11.4 18.58 22.7 16.89 24.01 9 0.03 4.32 9.06 16.59 21.04 16.69 32.26 10 0 1 9.2 16.55 22.42 17.45 33.39 11 0 1.29 9.67 17.76 22.28 17.39 31.61 12 0.23 2.73 9.93 18.59 22.23 16.22 30.07 13 0.12 0.67 9.65 17.26 21.65 16.77 33.89 14 0.25 3.46 7.17 16.83 21.26 16.95 34.08 15 0.1 1.93 12.32 17.4 20.01 16.55 31.7 16 0.24 2.81 8.23 17.78 21.06 16.23 33.66 17 0.02 2.67 10.45 18.5 20.4 16.14 31.83 18 0.12 2.59 10.31 18.04 21.06 15.8 32.09 19 0.1 2.82 11.08 16.98 21.42 15.48 32.13 20 0 2.74 11.76 19.83 21.28 15.1 29.3 21 0.23 7.4 12.17 19.89 20.79 14.07 25.45 22 0 6.66 15.7 21.28 20.86 12.59 22.91 23 0.36 10.48 14.13 17.68 19.78 12.8 24.76 24 0.14 6.4 9.05 16.84 20.23 16.46 30.87 25 0 4.31 8.55 17.12 20.59 16.17 33.25 26 0 2.43 10.4 16.2 20.23 16.31 34.44 27 0.13 4.52 8.38 16.95 20.92 15.64 33.46 28 0 4.11 9.51 16.55 21.29 16.41 32.13 29 0.21 4.36 12.1 18.55 20.67 15.13 28.98 30 0.12 6.37 15.25 19.44 20.9 13.96 23.96 31 0.35 10.27 14.27 19.65 19.72 13.34 22.4 32 0.1 4.97 12.66 19.68 21.03 14.66 26.9 33 0 3.37 12.94 19.59 21.53 15.43 27.15 34 0.1 4.76 11.55 18.79 20.91 15.24 28.64 35 0.23 3.61 12.46 18.13 21.91 14.68 28.97 36 0.26 5.31 13.3 17.7 21.53 13.86 28.02 37 0 3.1 14.4 18.66 21.12 15 27.72 38 0.23 6.85 13.16 18.42 20.11 13.34 27.9 39 0.5 4.62 14.05 17.88 20.55 14.01 28.4 40 0.26 9.71 20.75 20.29 19.23 12.68 17.09 41 0.23 7.45 27.37 20.91 15.84 10.92 17.28 42 0.25 12.27 27.18 19.09 14.14 9.9 17.17 43 0.25 8.14 20.12 19.89 19.04 13.62 18.94 44 0.15 7.95 19.97 20.35 19.59 14.02 17.96 45 0.13 4.68 14.97 22.04 23.39 16.07 18.7 46 0.12 2.44 15.62 21.03 24.09 17.21 19.48 47 0.11 2.08 13.35 21.36 24.44 16.95 21.71 48 0.02 1.07 10.55 23.25 25.76 18.07 21.29 49 0.11 1.4 11.09 23.56 26 16.91 20.91 50 0.1 2.73 13.58 24.52 25.79 14.95 18.33 51 0.22 3.22 16.86 23.86 22.71 13.58 19.55 52 0.12 5.79 15.9 19.57 21.66 16.31 20.64 53 0.48 9.8 18.42 19.21 18.96 13.96 19.17 54 0.47 7.56 16.77 19.95 20.98 14.38 19.9 55 0.13 4.61 12.19 19.09 21.09 17.13 25.76 56 0.23 4.73 13.36 18.54 21.5 16.67 24.97 57 0.35 4.8 14.48 18.28 21.19 15.71 25.18 58 0.26 8.26 15.78 16.76 19.58 15.97 23.38 59 0.26 3.9 15.5 18.09 21.97 17.88 22.39 60 0.14 4.36 13.85 18.08 23.09 18.05 22.43 61 0.38 10.96 20.82 16.72 18.72 12.87 19.53 62 0.38 9.81 15.43 15.55 20.23 16.29 22.3 63 0.36 8.5 13.37 16.62 21.59 17.16 22.41 64 0.02 4.61 12.06 16.68 22.71 18.63 25.29 65 0.26 5.3 13.9 16.44 21.48 16.28 26.35 66 0.22 1.74 9.91 14.39 21.38 18.24 34.11 67 0.1 2.12 9.34 15.51 21.1 18.55 33.29 68 0.02 2.61 8.84 16.02 20.87 18.23 33.42 69 0.13 1.2 9.94 14.43 20.43 18.41 35.44 70 0.22 1.86 6.61 14.77 20.18 18.44 37.92 71 0 1 7.83 14.76 20.64 18.5 37.28 72 0.02 3.53 8.17 15.75 20.78 17.53 34.22 73 0.02 1.48 8.19 16.01 21.36 18.17 34.77 74 0.22 1.17 8.11 17.95 22.24 17.23 33.09 75 0.12 1.08 7.58 17.25 22.13 17.84 34 76 0.1 1.18 7.2 15.66 21.68 17.67 36.5 77 0.02 2.12 8.8 14.72 20.02 17.5 36.82 78 0.33 3.89 9.09 14.94 19.53 16.66 35.56 79 0.02 2.13 8.04 16.1 20.46 17.25 36.01 80 0.12 2.44 8.97 14.79 20.5 17.58 35.6 81 0.24 2.02 9.81 17.05 20.58 16.98 33.32 82 0.02 1.88 10.23 16.61 20.25 16.8 34.21 83 0.13 2.79 9.22 16.24 19.49 17.09 35.04 84 0.1 1.32 10.36 16.6 20.39 17.74 33.49 85 0.1 1.99 12.16 17.09 20.72 17.52 30.42 86 0.12 3.34 11.14 17.84 19.79 17.09 30.7 87 0.02 2.6 10.75 17.85 20.51 17.33 30.94 88 0 2.54 10.94 17.43 20.42 17.07 31.6 89 0 1.1 8.83 17.03 21.85 18.01 33.19 90 0.22 2.35 8.52 15.62 21.34 17.65 34.3 91 0.1 0.86 8.06 15.41 21.27 17.65 36.65 92 0.22 1.36 8.29 14.79 20.04 17.6 37.71 93 0.12 1.05 7.63 14.58 19.69 18.15 38.77 94 0.02 1.85 8.41 14.43 19.72 18.14 37.43 95 0.13 1.42 8.78 14.8 20.73 17.8 36.35 96 0.22 2.27 9.27 15.53 19.62 17.17 35.93 97 0.12 1.53 10.66 17.07 20.7 16.64 33.28 98 0.02 2.18 10.78 16.39 20.99 16.61 33.02 99 0.03 2.5 13.54 17.09 20.51 15.56 30.77 100 0.24 2.93 11.47 18.86 20.09 16.25 30.16 101 0.13 1.87 10.21 17.04 21.04 17.22 32.48 102 0.12 2.6 10.11 18.06 21.02 17.05 31.05 103 0.12 2.61 9.16 16.98 21.2 17.45 32.47 104 0 2.07 11.4 16.68 20.26 16.43 33.15 105 0.23 5.33 11.34 16.76 19.7 15.49 31.16 106 0.12 2.06 10.88 17.07 20.08 16.3 33.49 107 0.26 4.74 14.92 17.12 18.94 14.76 29.25 108 0.48 8.85 16.39 16.49 18.64 13.76 25.39 109 0.21 4.25 15.92 17.2 19.16 15.65 27.62 110 0.38 6.11 15.71 17.8 18.74 14.24 27.02 111 0.22 1.98 15.4 16.86 20.91 15.48 29.15 112 0.22 3.74 13.77 18.31 20.49 14.86 28.61 113 0.1 4.62 17.94 16.14 19.26 14.95 27 114 0.35 6.63 17.99 16.9 19.33 13.24 25.56 115 0.35 5.31 15.88 18.3 20.32 14.08 25.75 116 0.34 3.61 14.78 16.52 20.63 15.81 28.32 117 0.12 5.79 11.8 14.43 20.71 16.21 30.94 118 0.12 2.92 10.99 16.51 21.03 16.83 31.6 119 0 2.34 13.77 16.51 21.75 16.44 29.19 120 0.02 4.99 11.19 16.21 19.96 17.23 30.4 121 0.02 3.32 12.34 15.31 19.85 17.09 32.08 122 0.1 3.76 12.08 15.06 19.66 16.92 32.42 123 0.02 2.44 11.03 14.76 19.18 16.63 35.95 124 0.1 4.63 10.55 13.51 18.46 17.04 35.71 125 0.12 4.42 10.14 14.43 18.33 16.57 35.98 126 0.12 5.07 11.57 15.33 18.78 16.14 32.99 127 0.12 5.9 15.82 15.23 18.73 15.11 29.09 128 0.1 7.53 13.61 14.78 17.49 14.15 32.35 129 0.27 6.22 11.61 14.05 17.01 14.97 35.87 130 0.23 3.58 13.96 12.86 17.16 15.25 36.95 131 0.22 4.52 13 13.12 16.44 15.48 37.22 132 0.14 3.99 12.47 13.91 17.04 15.82 36.64 133 0.36 8.39 17.6 13.47 14.75 13.83 31.59 134 0.37 9.28 16.92 13.6 15.6 13.37 30.85 135 0.14 8.28 17.32 14.12 16.99 13.35 29.8 136 0.25 8.91 15.76 14.03 16.72 13.69 30.64 137 0.14 4.32 14.64 14.35 17 15.34 34.21 138 0.35 4.59 11.29 14.51 18.03 16.27 34.96 139 0.22 3.06 13.78 14.92 18.63 16.33 33.06 140 0.34 2.74 13.72 15.48 18.57 16.75 32.42 141 0.37 5.66 17.84 15.6 17.37 13.92 29.23 142 0.02 6.99 17.61 15.94 15.95 13.7 29.79 143 0.34 5.55 16.56 14.71 15.21 12.91 34.72 144 0 6.8 19.71 14.09 14.64 12.07 32.68 145 0.03 9.05 21.76 14.81 13.28 11.36 29.7 146 0.14 5.78 19.77 15.2 14.87 12.34 31.91 147 0.34 7.45 22.85 15.85 13.65 11.93 27.93 148 0.12 6.36 22.78 16.54 13.17 10.59 30.45 149 0.34 8.84 23.43 17.44 12.7 9.93 27.33 150 0.02 10.62 23.76 16.01 13.34 9.99 26.26 151 0.22 8.69 26.05 16.75 12.38 9.42 26.49 152 0.48 12.76 24.44 16.31 11.71 9.45 24.85 153 0.23 8.88 20.23 16.1 12.98 10.48 31.1 154 0.35 7.16 20.4 16.46 13.24 10.58 31.81 155 0.57 7.91 21.45 15.74 13.42 10.24 30.68 156 0.11 6.32 23.24 16.33 13.62 9.99 30.39 157 0.14 10.32 23.01 14.86 13.95 9.14 28.59 158 0.42 13.21 28.11 15.87 13.02 8.39 20.98 159 0.4 13.22 27.78 17.13 12.59 8.03 20.84 160 0.13 12.5 28.71 16.38 12.53 8 21.76 161 0.38 10.79 24.15 15.39 10.67 10.19 28.43 162 0.21 9.79 25.16 18.26 12.63 8.39 25.57 163 0.36 9.25 28.27 17.09 11.79 7.83 25.41 164 0.6 12.99 26.15 17.81 11.11 7.99 23.34 165 0.36 16.78 29.12 16.38 9.59 6.08 21.68 166 0.42 21.27 31.62 16.15 8.74 6.1 15.7 167 0 11.13 29.97 16.81 11.9 8.03 22.16 168 0.12 12.04 27.48 18.63 11.22 7.38 23.12 169 0.36 15.02 30.98 19.73 11.63 6.24 16.03 170 0.68 24.02 33.85 16.37 7.88 4.85 12.35 171 0.77 23.67 31.04 16.33 8.47 5.46 14.26 172 0.75 18.19 26.5 17.21 10.49 7.43 19.44 173 0.93 21.67 28.93 15.76 9.65 5.83 17.22 174 0.24 5.75 24.74 21.29 12.87 8.67 26.45 175 0.24 8.62 24.39 18.84 11.67 8.45 27.79 176 0.23 8.45 24.39 20.08 12.6 7.76 26.48 177 0.37 10.46 24.47 19.73 12.1 8.77 24.09 178 0.22 8.5 24.95 19.51 12.19 8.94 25.69 179 0.15 7.11 22.04 19.42 14.01 10 27.26 180 0 5.52 23.33 19.63 13.56 9.25 28.7 181 0.23 4.87 25.36 19.56 13.6 9.02 27.36 182 0.02 7.1 23.37 20.07 13.2 9.46 26.79 183 0.02 7.64 22.78 19.16 12.44 9.92 28.05 184 0.15 7.54 20.66 18.5 13.34 10.75 29.07 185 0.37 3.11 21.82 18.8 14.67 9.7 31.54 186 0.12 1.68 15.13 21.34 14.64 11.02 36.07 187 0.23 3.47 19.18 20.45 14.14 10.37 32.16 188 0.13 4.73 19.21 20.19 14.59 9.39 31.75 189 0.03 5.49 19.5 19.03 13.68 9.43 32.83 190 0.22 5.02 20.16 19.42 13.46 10.33 31.39 191 0 5.31 20.4 19.77 13.77 10.47 30.29 192 0.46 11.06 25.65 19.06 12.29 9.49 21.99 193 0.26 8.8 23.63 17.81 12.65 10.32 26.53 194 0.6 8.63 23.85 17.61 13.52 10.32 25.47 195 0 6.93 25.65 23.24 14.67 10.46 19.05 196 0.47 10.24 26.15 20.47 14.27 10.62 17.78 197 0.36 8.76 25.81 20.17 15.2 10.44 19.26 198 0.25 9.92 24.77 19.97 13.92 10.59 20.59 199 0.12 8.53 23.12 19.17 15.69 11.15 22.23 200 0.24 8.49 23.83 19.19 15.23 11.48 21.55 201 0.37 12.38 24.52 19.74 13.97 9.53 19.49 202 0.38 11.07 26.2 19.39 14.51 9.55 18.9 203 0.17 11.3 26.76 20.24 13.2 9.61 18.73 204 0.64 15.98 27.56 17.14 12.84 7.92 17.92 8. Reconstructed glacier equilibrium-line altitude (ELA) modern mean ELA ~1465 m (accumulation-area-ratio (AAR)~0.7). Age ELA(m asl) 19.2 1482.52 38.4 1413.06 57.6 1411.21 76.8 1407.31 96 1389.73 115.2 1361.59 134.4 1394.8 153.6 1397.26 172.8 1392.31 192 1394.67 211.2 1351.73 230.4 1360.09 249.6 1361.59 268.8 1348.59 288 1369.2 307.2 1354.32 326.4 1375.36 345.6 1390.11 364.8 1375.57 384 1355.08 403.2 1344.7 422.4 1354.56 441.6 1390.36 460.8 1368.38 480 1373.78 499.2 1383.18 518.4 1402.12 537.6 1411.84 556.8 1391.56 576 1381.25 595.2 1394.31 614.4 1402.55 633.6 1405.67 652.8 1395.18 672 1417.76 691.2 1389.69 710.4 1425.24 729.6 1393.78 735.65 1390.3 750.81 1413.96 765.97 1392.63 781.13 1389.26 796.29 1392.88 811.46 1378.73 826.62 1390.18 841.78 1400.65 856.94 1419.7 872.1 1424.45 887.26 1410.53 902.42 1410.99 917.58 1420.53 932.74 1356.87 947.9 1368.19 963.06 1366.47 978.22 1372.81 993.38 1387.38 1008.54 1375.59 1023.71 1392.36 1038.87 1403.4 1054.03 1414.4 1069.19 1419.2 1084.35 1412.25 1099.51 1410.8 1114.67 1413.46 1129.83 1417.96 1144.99 1408.72 1160.15 1405.75 1175.31 1404.35 1190.47 1388.27 1205.63 1385.86 1220.79 1384.64 1235.96 1384.65 1251.12 1374.59 1266.28 1352.35 1281.44 1355.87 1296.6 1353.63 1311.76 1354.38 1326.92 1364.01 1342.08 1364.55 1357.24 1363.86 1372.4 1364.4 1387.56 1378.45 1402.72 1384.63 1417.88 1389.82 1433.04 1398.13 1448.21 1399.5 1463.37 1397.51 1478.53 1387.57 1493.69 1398.92 1508.85 1388.86 1524.01 1381.21 1539.17 1381.17 1554.33 1387.33 1569.49 1389.44 1584.65 1399.7 1599.81 1412.03 1614.97 1418.5 1630.13 1419.68 1645.29 1412.86 1660.46 1408.75 1675.62 1433.79 1690.78 1427.33 1705.94 1421.74 1721.1 1418.68 1736.26 1424.04 1751.42 1419.49 1766.58 1423.96 1781.74 1422.83 1796.9 1414.25 1812.06 1431.11 1827.22 1426.51 1842.38 1446.03 1857.54 1450.51 1872.71 1457.9 1887.87 1464.14 1903.03 1446.14 1923.55 1448.25 1944.08 1448.94 1964.61 1457.9 1985.14 1467.6 2005.67 1449.36 2026.2 1463.41 2046.72 1426.01 2067.25 1417.95 2087.78 1414.47 2108.31 1426.16 2128.84 1436.6 2149.36 1439.7 2169.89 1450.3 2190.42 1449.04 2210.95 1431.27 2231.48 1412.82 2252 1421.23 2360.25 1430.62 2468.49 1452.85 2576.73 1457.36 2684.97 1457.28 2793.21 1460.77 2901.45 1445.12 3009.69 1461.58 3117.94 1467.12 3226.18 1466.61 3334.42 1474.28 3442.66 1467.17 3550.9 1474.03 3659.14 1483.12 3767.38 1479.01 3875.63 1462.08 3983.87 1493.48 4092.11 1492.1 4200.35 1497.69 4308.59 1505.63 4416.83 1516.34 4525.07 1467.48 4633.31 1474.32 4741.56 1460.88 4849.8 1440.02 4958.04 1436.37 5066.28 1446.1 5174.52 1478.39 5282.76 1487.06 5391 1491.13 5499.25 1500.5 5607.49 1519.88 5715.73 1559.25 5823.97 1558.63 5932.21 1558