# Abrupt Holocene climate transitions in the northern North Atlantic region recorded by synchronized lacustrine records in Iceland #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # # Online_Resource: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:16279 # Online_Resource: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleolimnology/europe/iceland/hak-resampled-d13c-cn-bsi.txt # # Original_Source_URL: # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: paleolimnology #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2014-02-25 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Abrupt Holocene climate transitions in the northern North Atlantic region recorded by synchronized lacustrine records in Iceland #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Geirsdóttir,A.;Miller.G.H.;Larsen,D.J.;Ólafsdóttir,S. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Keywords - Iceland, Lake sediment, Holocene paleoclimate, Abrupt climate transitions, 8.2 Event, Holocene Thermal Maximum, Neoglaciation, Medieval warm period, Little Ice Age, Carbon isotope, Geochemistry,. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Geirsdóttir Á., G.H. Miller, D.J. Larsen, S. Ólafsdóttir # Published_Date_or_Year: 2013 # Published_Title: Abrupt Holocene climate transitions in the northern North Atlantic region recorded by synchronized lacustrine records in Iceland # Journal_Name: Quaternary Science Reviews # Volume: 70 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 48-62 # DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2013.03.010 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Two high-sediment-accumulation-rate Icelandic lakes, the glacial lake Hvítárvatn and the non-glacial lake Haukadalsvatn, contain numerous tephra layers of known age, which together with highresolution paleomagnetic secular variations allow synchronization with a well-dated marine core from the shelf north of Iceland. A composite standardized climate record from the two lakes provides a single time series that efficiently integrates multi-proxy data that reflect the evolution of summer temperatures through the Holocene. The first-order trends in biogenic silica (BSi), d13C, and C:N rise relatively abruptly following deglaciation, reaching maximum values shortly after 8 ka following a complex minimum between 8.7 and 8.0 ka. The Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) in the lakes is marked by all proxies, with a sharp transition out of the 8 ka cold event into peak summer warmth by 7.9 ka, and continuing warm with some fluctuations until 5.5 ka. Decreasing summer insolation after the HTM is reflected by incremental cooling, initially w5.5 ka, with subsequent cold perturbations recorded by all proxies 4.3 to 4.0 ka and 3.1 to 2.8 ka. The strongest disturbance occurred after 2 ka with initial summer cooling occurring between 1.4 and 1.0 ka, followed by a more severe drop in summer temperatures after 0.7 ka culminating between 0.5 and 0.2 ka. Following each late Holocene cold departure, BSi re-equilibrated at a lower value independent of the sediment accumulation rate. Some of the abrupt shifts may be related to Icelandic volcanism influencing catchment stability, but the lack of a full recovery to pre-existing values after the perturbation suggests increased periglacial activity, decreased vegetation cover, and glacier growth in the highlands of Iceland. The similarity in timing, direction and magnitude of our multi-proxy records from glacial and non-glacial lakes, and from the adjacent marine shelf, suggests that our composite record reflects large-scale shifts in ocean/atmosphere circulation throughout the northern North Atlantic. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: OPP-0138010 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: Icelandic Centre of Research, RANNIS # Grant: #040233021, #0070272011, and #100233021 #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: NSF-ARC # Grant: 0714074 #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Lake Haukadalsvatn # Location: Europe, Iceland, northern North Atlantic region # Country: Iceland # Northernmost_Latitude: 65.055846 # Southernmost_Latitude: 65.055846 # Easternmost_Longitude: -21.625757 # Westernmost_Longitude: -21.625757 # Elevation: 38.33m #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: HAK Resampled d13C C:N BSI # Earliest_Year: 9936 # Most_Recent_Year: -51 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: Resampled data (20-year steps)for Haukadalsvatn. #------------------ # Chronology: # # # # # # # # #---------------- # Variables # # Data variables follow are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ##age_calBP2k Age,,,calendar years before 2000 AD,,,,,N ##d13C-vpdb Delta 13C,sedimentary organic matter,,per mil VPDB,,paleolimnology,resampled,,N ##d13c-vpdb-norm Delta 13C,sedimentary organic matter,,standard deviation units,,paleolimnology,resampled and normalized,,N ##c:n Carbon/Nitrogen,sedimentary organic matter,,ratio,,paleolimnology,resampled,,N ##c:n-norm Carbon/Nitrogen,sedimentary organic matter,,standard deviation units,,paleolimnology,resampled and normalized,,N " ##bsi% Biogenic silica,sediment,,percent,,paleolimnology,resampled,,N ##bsi%-norm Biogenic silica,sediment,,standard deviation units,,paleolimnology,resampled and normalized,,N # #---------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Values: # age_calBP2k d13C-vpdb d13c-vpdb-norm c:n c:n-norm bsi% bsi%-norm -1 -26.53 0.73 13.07 3.08 64.59 -0.08 19 -27.14 -0.26 13.3 3.31 67.14 0.07 39 -26.68 0.48 12.94 2.95 61.66 -0.26 59 -26.55 0.69 14.07 4.1 53.87 -0.72 79 -26.64 0.55 12.89 2.9 50.59 -0.92 99 -27.16 -0.29 12 1.99 62.36 -0.21 119 -26.38 0.96 14.01 4.04 58.35 -0.45 139 -25.96 1.65 12.71 2.72 40.41 -1.52 159 -26.2 1.27 11.49 1.47 47.28 -1.11 179 -26.18 1.28 11.47 1.46 40.71 -1.51 199 -26.09 1.43 11.56 1.54 54.98 -0.65 219 -25.98 1.62 12.18 2.17 52.04 -0.83 239 -26.06 1.48 11.97 1.96 51.8 -0.84 259 -26.22 1.23 12.02 2.01 46.96 -1.13 279 -26.41 0.92 12.64 2.64 67.87 0.12 299 -26.43 0.89 11.33 1.31 71.8 0.35 319 -26.18 1.29 11.35 1.33 66.38 0.03 339 -26.47 0.82 11.83 1.82 51.46 -0.86 359 -26.19 1.27 11.73 1.71 57.91 -0.48 379 -26.01 1.57 11.69 1.68 54.45 -0.69 399 -26.05 1.51 11.2 1.17 53.59 -0.74 419 -26.2 1.26 11.15 1.13 52.29 -0.81 439 -26.37 0.99 11.09 1.07 50.43 -0.93 459 -26.14 1.36 11.49 1.48 46.23 -1.18 479 -25.85 1.82 12.69 2.7 38.1 -1.66 499 -25.96 1.65 13.33 3.35 40.72 -1.5 519 -25.9 1.74 12.99 3 42.13 -1.42 539 -26.15 1.35 13.25 3.27 60.75 -0.31 559 -27.03 -0.07 12.04 2.03 54.05 -0.71 579 -27.69 -1.13 13.13 3.15 65.51 -0.02 599 -27.44 -0.74 13.55 3.57 61.34 -0.27 619 -27.35 -0.6 12.77 2.78 63.28 -0.16 639 -27.17 -0.31 13.4 3.42 64.2 -0.1 659 -26.91 0.12 11.88 1.87 55.59 -0.62 679 -27.25 -0.43 11.51 1.5 61.49 -0.27 699 -28.17 -1.92 13.49 3.51 54.94 -0.66 720 -28.01 -1.66 10.96 0.94 62.5 -0.2 740 -27.33 -0.57 11.34 1.32 58.74 -0.43 760 -27.38 -0.65 11.46 1.45 53.95 -0.72 780 -26.87 0.18 11.87 1.86 61.24 -0.28 800 -27.65 -1.08 10.99 0.96 60.46 -0.33 820 -27.44 -0.74 11.12 1.09 59.63 -0.38 840 -27.3 -0.51 11.36 1.34 54.23 -0.7 860 -27.41 -0.68 11.91 1.9 50.25 -0.94 880 -26.79 0.3 11.71 1.7 61.45 -0.27 900 -26.94 0.07 10.37 0.33 52.16 -0.82 920 -27.2 -0.36 10.76 0.73 57.83 -0.48 940 -27.33 -0.55 10.73 0.69 50.36 -0.93 960 -27.46 -0.77 9.66 -0.4 56.68 -0.55 980 -27.68 -1.13 9.61 -0.44 51.68 -0.85 1000 -27.17 -0.3 11.45 1.43 46.92 -1.13 1020 -26.57 0.66 11.6 1.59 66.93 0.06 1040 -26 1.58 11.57 1.55 52.72 -0.79 1060 -25.52 2.36 11.52 1.5 38.95 -1.61 1080 -25.37 2.59 11.42 1.4 47.35 -1.11 1100 -25.26 2.78 11.31 1.29 48.08 -1.07 1120 -25.14 2.97 11.21 1.19 38.35 -1.65 1140 -25.16 2.93 11.31 1.29 38.4 -1.64 1160 -25.42 2.51 11.81 1.8 34.64 -1.87 1180 -26.19 1.28 13.23 3.25 42.26 -1.41 1200 -26.38 0.97 12.37 2.37 53.45 -0.75 1220 -25.9 1.74 11.12 1.09 45.41 -1.22 1240 -26.44 0.87 10.61 0.58 37.35 -1.71 1260 -25.95 1.67 11.42 1.41 47.98 -1.07 1280 -26.42 0.91 11.23 1.21 50.75 -0.91 1300 -26.36 1 11.63 1.62 45.11 -1.24 1320 -25.98 1.62 11.71 1.69 50.3 -0.93 1340 -25.97 1.63 10.76 0.73 41.36 -1.47 1360 -25.83 1.86 11.41 1.39 39.03 -1.61 1380 -25.93 1.69 12.09 2.08 43.29 -1.35 1400 -25.78 1.93 12.07 2.06 58.46 -0.45 1420 -26.02 1.55 11.39 1.37 59.63 -0.38 1440 -26.25 1.17 10.71 0.68 56.25 -0.58 1460 -26.46 0.84 10.09 0.05 52.72 -0.79 1480 -26.46 0.83 10.18 0.14 50.18 -0.94 1500 -26.61 0.6 10.52 0.49 50.7 -0.91 1520 -26.89 0.15 10.2 0.15 49.45 -0.98 1540 -27.18 -0.33 9.81 -0.24 49.08 -1.01 1560 -27.11 -0.2 9.64 -0.41 55.76 -0.61 1580 -26.45 0.86 9.94 -0.1 48.67 -1.03 1600 -27.06 -0.13 9.71 -0.34 53.12 -0.76 1620 -27.61 -1.01 9.38 -0.68 50.42 -0.93 1640 -27.42 -0.7 9.35 -0.71 51.95 -0.83 1660 -27.33 -0.56 9.37 -0.69 46.02 -1.19 1680 -27.32 -0.54 9.41 -0.64 41.84 -1.44 1700 -26.91 0.12 9.87 -0.18 52.68 -0.79 1720 -27.4 -0.67 9.71 -0.34 59.72 -0.37 1740 -27.4 -0.67 9.74 -0.31 58.91 -0.42 1760 -27.26 -0.45 9.84 -0.21 54.91 -0.66 1780 -27.5 -0.83 9.57 -0.48 57.57 -0.5 1800 -27.51 -0.85 9.5 -0.56 43.05 -1.37 1820 -27.48 -0.81 9.47 -0.59 39.03 -1.61 1840 -27.45 -0.76 9.43 -0.62 55.6 -0.62 1860 -27.42 -0.71 9.4 -0.66 63.72 -0.13 1880 -27.39 -0.66 9.37 -0.69 66.42 0.03 1900 -27.36 -0.62 9.34 -0.72 46.29 -1.17 1920 -27.34 -0.57 9.3 -0.76 63.5 -0.14 1940 -27.31 -0.52 9.27 -0.79 53.63 -0.73 1960 -27.28 -0.47 9.24 -0.82 50.26 -0.94 1980 -27.25 -0.43 9.2 -0.86 66.94 0.06 2000 -27.22 -0.38 9.17 -0.89 57.77 -0.49 2020 -27.19 -0.33 9.14 -0.92 44.48 -1.28 2040 -27.16 -0.29 9.11 -0.96 41.5 -1.46 2060 -27.13 -0.24 9.07 -0.99 62.96 -0.18 2080 -27.1 -0.19 9.04 -1.02 62.12 -0.23 2100 -27.19 -0.34 8.93 -1.13 57.89 -0.48 2120 -27.28 -0.49 8.66 -1.41 64.48 -0.09 2141 -27.26 -0.46 8.61 -1.46 54.33 -0.69 2161 -27.37 -0.62 8.91 -1.16 60.52 -0.32 2181 -27.1 -0.19 9.27 -0.79 62.91 -0.18 2201 -27.12 -0.22 9.73 -0.32 67 0.06 2221 -26.77 0.34 9.32 -0.73 58.08 -0.47 2241 -26.74 0.39 9.84 -0.2 56.66 -0.55 2261 -27.23 -0.4 9.47 -0.59 48.87 -1.02 2281 -27.13 -0.23 9.73 -0.32 43.61 -1.33 2301 -27.28 -0.49 10.5 0.47 49.57 -0.98 2321 -27.21 -0.36 10.81 0.78 63.55 -0.14 2341 -26.88 0.17 11.01 0.99 53.37 -0.75 2361 -27.49 -0.81 10.14 0.1 75.47 0.57 2381 -27.11 -0.2 10.17 0.12 60.61 -0.32 2401 -26.7 0.46 10.18 0.14 66.11 0.01 2421 -27.14 -0.26 9.95 -0.1 57.39 -0.51 2441 -27.32 -0.55 9.9 -0.15 85.8 1.19 2461 -26.95 0.05 9.86 -0.19 62.2 -0.22 2481 -27.18 -0.32 10.43 0.4 57.51 -0.5 2501 -27.26 -0.44 10.19 0.15 59.4 -0.39 2521 -27.3 -0.51 10.05 0.01 50.32 -0.93 2541 -27.39 -0.66 9.73 -0.32 59.23 -0.4 2561 -27.22 -0.38 9.88 -0.17 55.7 -0.61 2581 -27.36 -0.6 10.2 0.16 70.63 0.28 2601 -27.17 -0.31 9.35 -0.71 57.31 -0.51 2621 -27.31 -0.53 9.75 -0.3 56.36 -0.57 2641 -27.29 -0.49 9.99 -0.06 55.19 -0.64 2661 -27.26 -0.45 9.33 -0.73 58.71 -0.43 2681 -27.08 -0.15 8.89 -1.18 60.91 -0.3 2701 -26.7 0.45 9.93 -0.12 63.3 -0.16 2721 -27.24 -0.42 9.01 -1.06 62.05 -0.23 2741 -27.1 -0.19 8.79 -1.28 50.28 -0.93 2761 -27.19 -0.33 8.81 -1.26 49.4 -0.99 2781 -26.99 -0.01 9.29 -0.77 60.07 -0.35 2801 -27 -0.03 9.65 -0.4 58.05 -0.47 2821 -27.07 -0.13 9.8 -0.25 53.62 -0.73 2841 -26.73 0.4 9.42 -0.64 49.43 -0.99 2861 -26.58 0.64 9.39 -0.67 46.44 -1.16 2881 -26.77 0.35 9.94 -0.11 53.17 -0.76 2901 -27.19 -0.34 9.48 -0.58 58.83 -0.42 2921 -27.15 -0.27 9.86 -0.19 53.87 -0.72 2941 -27.34 -0.58 9.91 -0.13 58.49 -0.44 2961 -27.27 -0.47 9.72 -0.34 68.08 0.13 2981 -26.88 0.17 9.21 -0.85 59.34 -0.39 3001 -26.47 0.82 10.2 0.15 50.9 -0.9 3021 -27.14 -0.26 9.51 -0.55 68.05 0.13 3041 -27.23 -0.4 9.28 -0.78 73.96 0.48 3061 -27.2 -0.35 9.03 -1.03 56.78 -0.55 3081 -27.09 -0.18 9.22 -0.84 63.08 -0.17 3101 -27.24 -0.42 9.31 -0.74 62.29 -0.22 3121 -27.16 -0.29 9.35 -0.71 60.28 -0.34 3141 -27.15 -0.27 9.44 -0.62 56.12 -0.59 3161 -27.19 -0.34 9.54 -0.52 64.08 -0.11 3181 -27.24 -0.42 9.79 -0.26 63.41 -0.15 3201 -27.25 -0.42 9.3 -0.76 66.37 0.03 3221 -27.41 -0.68 8.81 -1.25 66.03 0.01 3241 -27.44 -0.74 9.01 -1.05 75.32 0.56 3261 -27.31 -0.53 9.72 -0.33 73.14 0.43 3281 -27.52 -0.87 9.54 -0.52 65.05 -0.05 3301 -27.33 -0.56 9.45 -0.61 65.73 -0.01 3321 -27.19 -0.33 10.1 0.05 62.09 -0.23 3341 -27.08 -0.16 10.49 0.45 56.2 -0.58 3361 -27.06 -0.13 9.73 -0.32 56.29 -0.58 3381 -27.04 -0.09 9.21 -0.85 59.41 -0.39 3401 -27.05 -0.12 9.37 -0.69 60.9 -0.3 3421 -26.88 0.16 10.28 0.24 74.24 0.5 3441 -26.64 0.54 10.41 0.38 79.22 0.79 3461 -26.9 0.14 9.87 -0.18 60.39 -0.33 3481 -27.2 -0.35 9.27 -0.79 64.64 -0.08 3501 -27.2 -0.34 9.29 -0.77 69.4 0.21 3521 -27.24 -0.42 9.09 -0.98 67.26 0.08 3541 -27.16 -0.28 9.55 -0.5 61.62 -0.26 3562 -27.33 -0.56 9.26 -0.8 82.66 1 3582 -27.42 -0.71 9.45 -0.6 61.72 -0.25 3602 -27.44 -0.74 9.77 -0.28 69.73 0.23 3622 -27.09 -0.18 9.51 -0.55 65.16 -0.05 3642 -27.16 -0.28 9.43 -0.62 63.13 -0.17 3662 -27.41 -0.69 9.59 -0.47 80.36 0.86 3682 -27.45 -0.76 9.53 -0.52 80.32 0.86 3702 -27.3 -0.51 9.9 -0.15 61.56 -0.26 3722 -27.23 -0.4 9.81 -0.24 69.12 0.19 3742 -27.3 -0.51 9.66 -0.4 72.94 0.42 3762 -27.14 -0.26 9.4 -0.65 71.98 0.36 3782 -27.25 -0.43 10.09 0.05 84.04 1.08 3802 -27.26 -0.45 9.63 -0.42 85.82 1.19 3822 -27.34 -0.58 9.38 -0.67 61.03 -0.29 3842 -27.37 -0.62 9.68 -0.37 59.46 -0.39 3862 -27.08 -0.16 9.75 -0.3 65.97 0 3882 -27.24 -0.42 9.05 -1.01 70.99 0.3 3902 -27.14 -0.25 9.01 -1.05 79.6 0.82 3922 -26.75 0.37 9.37 -0.69 84.38 1.1 3942 -26.97 0.02 9.07 -1 70.34 0.26 3962 -27.06 -0.13 9.25 -0.81 61.19 -0.28 3982 -27.17 -0.31 9.38 -0.68 67.79 0.11 4002 -27.37 -0.62 9.16 -0.91 70.09 0.25 4022 -27.29 -0.5 9.4 -0.66 63.59 -0.14 4042 -27.29 -0.5 9.83 -0.22 71.76 0.35 4062 -27.34 -0.57 9.75 -0.3 68.2 0.14 4082 -27.36 -0.61 9.42 -0.64 68.15 0.13 4102 -27.33 -0.56 9.31 -0.75 79.35 0.8 4122 -27.11 -0.21 9.71 -0.34 69.48 0.21 4142 -27.19 -0.34 9.55 -0.51 68.23 0.14 4162 -27.51 -0.85 9.22 -0.84 75.47 0.57 4182 -27.18 -0.33 9.16 -0.9 74.28 0.5 4202 -24.46 4.06 9.33 -0.73 67.34 0.08 4222 -24.2 4.48 10.77 0.74 67.03 0.07 4242 -25.18 2.9 10.67 0.64 67.06 0.07 4262 -26.07 1.46 9.87 -0.18 60.31 -0.34 4282 -26.81 0.28 9.25 -0.81 70.54 0.28 4302 -26.92 0.09 9.35 -0.71 88.03 1.32 4322 -26.97 0.02 9.53 -0.52 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