# Benguela Upwelling System Hydrogen and Carbon Isotope Data since the mid-Pliocene #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. # If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with '#' followed by a space # Data lines have no '#' # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/37258 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-ocean-37258.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Paleoceanography # # Dataset_DOI: # # Science_Keywords: hydrology #--------------------------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/paleocean/atlantic/rubbelke2023/rubbelke2023-leafwax-iso.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; ODP 1081 Leafwax dD and d13C Data # #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2023-01-23 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2023-01-23 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Benguela Upwelling System Hydrogen and Carbon Isotope Data since the mid-Pliocene #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Rubbelke, Claire; Bhattacharya, Tripti; Feng, Ran; Burls, Natalie; Knapp, Scott; McClymont, Erin #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Hydrogen Isotopic Reconstruction of North American Monsoon since mid-Pliocene # Provided Keywords: Southwest Africa, Namib Desert, Pliocene #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Rubbelke, Claire; Bhattacharya, Tripti; Feng, Ran; Burls, Natalie; Knapp, Scott; McClymont, Erin # Published_Date_or_Year: submitted # Published_Title: Plio-Pleistocene Southwest African Hydroclimate modulated by Benguela and Indian Ocean temperatures # Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Leters # Volume: 50 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: e2023GL103003 # DOI: 10.1029/2023GL103003 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Future projections of southwestern African hydroclimate are highly uncertain. Insights from past warm climates can reveal mechanisms of future change. We use leaf wax hydrogen isotopes to reconstruct precipitation ($\delta$D$_p$) from Namibia and Angola over the past 5 million years, and find evidence of a long-term depletion trend. Empirical mode decomposition and proxy SSTs suggest that this trend is linked to sea surface temperatures (SSTs) within the Benguela Upwelling System, but that this is modulated by Indian Ocean SSTs on shorter timescales. The influence of SSTs on reconstructed regional hydroclimate is similar to what is observed during modern Benguela Ni$\tilde{n}$o events, which bring extreme flooding to Namibia and Angola. Isotope-enabled simulations and PlioMIP2 results suggest that capturing a Benguela Ni$\tilde{n}$o-like state may be key to accurately simulating Pliocene, and potentially future, hydroclimate in this region. This has implications for future regional climate, since an increased frequency of Benguela Ni$\tilde{n}$os may pose risks to the ecosystems and industries of southwestern Africa. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: OCE-1903148,OCE-2103015,OCE-1903650,OCE-210355,EAR-2018078 #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: ODP 1081 # Location: South Atlantic Ocean # Northernmost_Latitude: -19.616667 # Southernmost_Latitude: -19.616667 # Easternmost_Longitude: 11.316667 # Westernmost_Longitude: 11.316667 # Elevation_m: -794 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: ODP1081-leafwax isotopes Rubbelke2023 # First_Year: 5183867 # Last_Year: 0 # Time_Unit: calendar year before present # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: carbon isotopes, biomarkers # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # # age (ma) age of biostratigraphic marker (Ma) # composite depth (m) composite depth of sample (m) # age marker age tiepoints # notes Notes # # age (ma) composite depth (cm) age marker notes # 0 0 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 0.002 0.22 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 0.0616 7.68 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 0.13068 11.29 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 0.33351 26.8 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 0.56352 41.67 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 0.80862 50.62 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 0.99 68 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 1.11468 73.31 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 1.19119 77.93 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 1.44179 88.54 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 2.05524 152.8 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 2.2426 172.15 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 2.42696 183.88 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 2.54037 189.06 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 3.05882 217.82 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # 5.2 300.11 See Rosell-Mele et al 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.041 # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## age_ma age,,,million years ago,,paleoceanography,,,N,median age in million years before present ## depth depth,,,centimeter,,paleoceanography,,,N,Cumulative depth of sample below sea floor ## C31_dD delta 2H,C31 n-alkane,,per mil VSMOW,,paleoceanography,,gas chromatography; isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,hydrogen isotopic signature of the C31 alkane ## C31_dD_stdev delta 2H,C31 n-alkane,one standard deviation,per mil VSMOW,,paleoceanography,,gas chromatography; isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,standard deviation associated with hydrogen isotopic signature of the C31 alkane ## d13C_wax delta 13C,C31 n-alkane,,per mil VPDB,,paleoceanography,,gas chromatography; isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,carbon isotopic signature of the C31 alkanoic acid ## d13C_stdev delta 13C,C31 n-alkane,one standard deviation,per mil VPDB,,paleoceanography,,gas chromatography; isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,standard deviation associated with carbon isotopic signature of C31 alkane ## dD_precip_estimates delta 2H,,,per mil VSMOW,,paleoceanography,,gas chromatography; isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,Inferred hydrogen isotopic signature of precipitation ## dD_precip_err delta 2H,,one standard deviation,per mil VSMOW,,paleoceanography,,gas chromatography; isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,standard deviation associated with inference of hydrogen isotopic signature of precipitation ## epsilon delta 13C photosynthetic fractionation factor,C31 n-alkane,,,,paleoceanography,,Bayesian inference,N,Bayesian statistical method; apparent fractionation calculated using C4 to C3 ratio inferred from d13C measurements of C31 alkane ## acl average chain length,,,,,paleoceanography,,gas chromatography; isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,Average chain length # #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: NaN age_ma depth C31_dD C31_dD_stdev d13C_wax d13C_stdev dD_precip_estimates dD_precip_err epsilon acl 0 3 -162.7238 1.3507 NaN NaN -16.31597 4.972454 -119.691 NaN 1.454545455 16 -157.3797 2.243924 -24.46768 0.20191 -46.92634 3.784594 -119.691 27.51592 4.157104558 49 -149.0226 3.145416 -25.83589 0.083577 -42.75867 3.522674 -120.221 30.19233 25.32868633 314 -151.5405 1.163235 -22.90912 0.041797 -35.59529 4.165406 -120.516 28.18216 166.9043133 1406 -165.4232 1.876341 -25.0265 0.035033 -38.92805 4.233686 -119.429 28.67139 185.6049516 1549 -164.5418 0.890445 -24.67646 0.099389 -56.08013 3.617642 -119.669 30.33711 206.005648 1705 -162.7508 1.694753 -23.19576 0.140791 -54.47041 3.781535 -120.313 29.75658 295.3240812 2388 -158.4632 2.342119 -24.12537 0.185381 -50.92605 4.06004 -119.923 29.45996 329.4560155 2649 -173.938 0.430828 -23.31537 0.027101 -45.49408 3.880978 -120.141 29.25248 433.4336449 3326 -156.1819 1.535916 -23.48852 0.127483 -62.05771 4.018081 -120.169 30.37772 475.6614391 3599 -147.9226 0.595067 -23.82163 0.096034 -40.99494 4.0064 -119.952 30.19923 499.9462878 3756 -151.7264 1.654006 -23.85157 0.036261 -36.35316 3.848663 -119.99 27.70548 514.3315804 3849 -162.0781 1.023009 -24.82089 0.180773 -40.11013 3.924728 -119.514 30.2137 555.6312912 4116 -160.9699 1.355368 -23.4364 0.023396 -49.27095 3.623516 -119.514 28.01901 626.2327374 4396 -139.1203 2.532955 -23.48023 0.037601 -47.22017 4.127359 -120.16 30.31943 822.3956962 5194 -165.2659 3.277474 -23.78226 0.177722 -22.96522 4.088168 -120.265 30.04826 856.5218527 5521 -154.2035 0.133974 -23.65765 0.111058 -55.34533 3.886023 -119.979 NaN 924.1479977 6169 -169.9745 2.831224 -24.90399 0.114379 -40.55267 3.964606 -120.205 30.32018 970.2757077 6611 -171.9518 2.618608 -23.2635 0.17351 -62.0097 3.744828 -119.455 29.33261 1066.545537 7126 -176.4506 2.489944 NaN NaN -58.24446 4.092261 -119.455 27.87983 1151.941364 7556 -151.3288 1.408144 -22.51561 0.003064 -64.48631 4.177573 -120.563 26.84176 1288.737408 8206 -165.5728 3.347134 -24.83506 0.097816 -34.87545 4.303206 -119.449 30.09187 1439.428077 8844 -159.1033 1.583899 -23.65581 0.026418 -51.71453 3.868695 -120.042 30.24282 1469.951804 9149 -176.4039 2.785207 -24.50312 0.203708 -46.12395 3.923454 -119.64 29.2217 1547.94568 9966 -150.1728 0.408146 -23.18932 0.006602 -64.8344 3.712951 -120.381 NaN 1588.995089 10396 -144.8986 0.40948 -24.91433 0.012142 -34.05605 4.124806 -119.394 27.5728 1641.022828 10941 -158.5896 2.11056 NaN NaN -31.19072 3.778413 -119.394 29.71791 1730.281425 11876 -151.6737 1.708623 -25.65671 0.052234 -47.86326 3.727677 -119.051 28.10779 1773.717428 12331 -156.982 0.143173 -25.46482 0.066081 -37.94905 3.583608 -119.13 30.20798 1821.449298 12831 -143.12 0.949723 -25.14455 0.132885 -45.80839 3.501174 -119.321 30.2477 1863.453344 13271 -169.492 1.336608 -23.92518 0.047894 -26.94016 3.681255 -119.934 28.42979 1906.125636 13718 -151.7951 2.624233 -24.80584 0.091233 -56.42321 3.944101 -119.514 29.74495 1939.442482 14067 -137.7344 1.152229 -25.63668 0.169288 -37.33285 3.748221 -119.345 29.79436 1968.558923 14372 -155.5125 2.832485 -25.65615 0.187894 -21.14553 3.506876 -119.142 29.49938 2025.741704 14971 -156.1441 0.63478 -25.68366 0.209434 -41.68499 3.433577 -119.028 29.74846 2067.765354 15416 -150.5511 2.74282 -25.89777 0.060811 -43.88175 3.422158 -119.062 30.14306 2090.974098 15668 -165.3125 3.524563 NaN NaN -35.7713 3.488093 -119.062 NaN 2116.577395 15946 -158.088 3.415 -23.90762 0.007933 -52.57191 3.700899 -119.996 30.96102 2177.362202 16606 -139.3586 1.758827 NaN NaN -43.48256 3.928755 -119.076 NaN 2194.860858 16796 -139.5107 2.204661 -25.98672 0.175145 -26.24237 3.655137 -119.076 27.61759 2206.833623 16926 -152.2462 0.327939 NaN NaN -24.76117 3.609802 -119.221 NaN 2323.193768 17759 -160.4828 2.579384 -25.36044 0.014156 -41.14601 3.422026 -119.221 30.13932 2471.404459 18591 -165.3314 0.057523 -24.6338 0.088132 -47.76782 3.550539 -119.668 23.43315 2506.434575 18751 -148.0009 2.95064 -25.29114 0.178707 -51.40573 3.599932 -119.301 31.51933 2537.523803 18893 -124.9896 1.796611 -25.74663 0.100203 -32.78356 3.884883 -119.118 29.59222 2625.095834 19376 -155.0049 3.266381 -25.6004 0.191306 -5.990143 3.745765 -119.091 NaN 2652.135994 19526 -144.9315 1.508539 -26.22388 0.092087 -40.37754 3.559704 -118.722 NaN 2682.781509 19696 -144.7872 1.705176 -25.85267 0.000109 -28.64266 3.678018 -118.952 24.99413 2700.808282 19796 -140.9668 2.104805 NaN NaN -32.36999 3.565832 -118.952 28.76213 2799.955535 20346 -142.5653 0.556412 NaN NaN -26.85113 3.492389 -118.727 NaN 2831.141853 20519 -143.0114 3.682949 -26.4781 0.115771 -29.09944 3.403125 -118.727 24.99413 2854.035855 20646 -145.1942 2.027437 -27.49066 0.176904 -28.83681 3.354292 -118.269 NaN 2883.780031 20811 -136.791 0.601042 -25.54825 0.107954 -29.79556 3.384781 -119.152 29.27335 2973.012559 21306 -154.6876 2.24471 NaN NaN -21.78117 3.217412 -119.14 NaN 2999.511916 21453 -155.8861 0.900235 -25.55457 0.186057 -40.14833 3.554301 -119.14 29.94526 3016.276815 21546 -151.0677 2.745916 -27.17225 0.143971 -41.00363 3.57011 -118.325 NaN 3026.552076 21603 -153.2132 3.120422 -26.21459 0.130494 -35.07872 3.599976 -118.838 29.52706 3053.952771 21755 -156.2175 2.779923 NaN NaN -38.95939 3.285856 -118.838 29.27166 3186.057455 22271 -151.6074 2.821567 -25.2293 0.014116 -42.82907 3.474638 -119.28 29.67962 3225.08735 22421 -153.7677 2.127391 -25.41982 0.15138 -35.66622 3.497043 -119.24 30.12445 3264.117244 22571 -166.8921 1.898203 -25.12833 0.092802 -37.94787 3.752879 -119.337 29.80453 3290.137173 22671 -148.2318 0.388904 -25.60388 0.143215 -53.56395 3.524264 -119.129 30.00007 3423.099013 23182 -151.5721 3.252206 NaN NaN -33.50172 3.568981 -119.129 NaN 3472.27668 23371 -145.0253 2.330548 -26.76228 0.087982 -35.7571 3.573113 -118.536 28.0669 3546.693678 23657 -148.2985 2.241024 NaN NaN -29.34279 3.32997 -118.536 30.0558 3581.039985 23789 -135.6205 2.513926 -26.87734 0.170488 -34.09445 3.401129 -118.548 28.76645 3687.721696 24199 -150.3121 0.378674 -24.98775 0.079295 -17.89811 3.432438 -119.389 29.33521 3765.781485 24499 -145.5579 0.036416 -25.33462 0.125453 -33.6651 3.916519 -119.341 30.15439 3843.841274 24799 -173.1143 1.364352 -26.32681 0.070507 -28.02477 3.656558 -118.732 27.66784 3981.486701 25328 -125.439 1.586516 -25.34495 0.152098 -60.25235 3.390898 -119.218 30.43886 4059.546489 25628 -151.337 2.126445 -25.5468 0.090035 -6.252877 3.741072 -119.152 29.70091 4078.280838 25700 -144.6394 0.708839 NaN NaN -35.19711 3.540951 -119.152 NaN 4114.70874 25840 -154.2558 2.364464 NaN NaN -26.80121 3.557384 -119.152 29.11681 4183.921752 26106 -151.4527 0.639549 NaN NaN -37.71367 3.497992 -119.152 NaN 4222.171049 26253 -121.902 3.123057 -25.77146 0.062162 -35.3032 3.685133 -119.147 29.05166 4268.486523 26431 -142.292 3.053384 -26.17627 0.172277 -1.774544 3.566328 -118.885 27.08083 4307.256218 26580 -145.4919 0.088188 -25.3661 0.057066 -25.79158 3.592752 -119.204 29.66835 4436.315069 27076 -131.0899 3.113306 -26.14167 0.121344 -30.59054 3.600703 -118.842 29.15125 4470.921575 27209 -143.9363 3.21507 -25.15848 0.09198 -12.80366 3.509419 -119.335 30.44225 4489.135526 27279 -155.0402 0.599323 -25.87682 0.119493 -26.96734 3.823026 -119.049 NaN 4765.467177 28341 -123.4744 0.65349 -25.75246 0.073276 -40.04986 3.614472 -119.097 27.04846 4843.526966 28641 -130.5614 1.694729 -26.71182 0.129743 -3.075839 3.6006 -118.553 NaN 4978.310201 29159 -129.2111 1.555938 -25.70897 0.135756 -12.41682 3.349344 -119.105 30.25767 5017.340095 29309 -142.0427 0.225141 -26.01416 0.173679 -10.05254 3.595759 -118.901 30.22954 5183.867644 29949 -151.9365 1.917185 -26.78492 0.005361 -24.75503 3.559618 -118.603 30.11784