# Crevice Lake, Montana Oxygen Isotope Data over the last 1300 years #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite Publication, and Online_Resource and date accessed when using these data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigators, Title, and Online_Resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/23081 # Online_Resource_Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/NAm2kHydro-2017/noaa-templates/data-version-1.0.0/Crevice.Stevens.2012.txt # Online_Resource_Description: This file. NOAA WDS Paleo formatted metadata and data for version 1.0.0 of this dataset. # # Online_Resource: https://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/pages2k/NAm2kHydro-2017/data-version-1.0.0/Crevice.Stevens.2012.lpd # Online_Resource_Description: Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) formatted file containing the same metadata and data as this file, for version 1.0.0 of this dataset. # # Original_Source_URL: this study # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Archive: Paleolimnology # Parameter_Keywords: oxygen isotopes # Dataset_DOI: # #------------------ # Contribution_Date # Date: 2017-11-15 #------------------ # File_Last_Modified_Date # Modified_Date: 2017-11-15 #------------------ # Title # Study_Name: Crevice Lake, Montana Oxygen Isotope Data over the last 1300 years #------------------ # Investigators # Investigators: Stevens, Lora; Dean, Walter #------------------ # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: Note added by NAm2k hydroclimate authors: Secondary interpretation is seasonality of precipitation (high d18O values when summers are wet relative to winter) #------------------ # Publication # Authors: Whitlock, Cathy, Walter E. Dean, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Lora R. Stevens, Jeffery R. Stone, Mitchell J. Power, Joseph R. Rosenbaum, Kenneth L. Pierce, and Brandi B. Bracht-Flyr # Published_Date_or_Year: 2012 # Published_Title: Holocene seasonal variability inferred from multiple proxy records from Crevice Lake, Yellowstone National Park, USA # Journal_Name: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology # Volume: 331-332 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: 90-103 # Report: # DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.03.001 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: A 9400-yr-old record from Crevice Lake, a semi-closed alkaline lake in northern Yellowstone National Park, was analyzed for pollen, charcoal, geochemistry, mineralogy, diatoms, and stable isotopes to develop a nuanced understanding of Holocene environmental history in a region of northern Rocky Mountains that receives both summer and winter precipitation. The limited surface area, conical bathymetry, and deep water (>31 m) of Crevice Lake create oxygen-deficient conditions in the hypolimnion and preserve annually laminated sediment (varves) for much of the record. Pollen data indicate that the watershed supported a closed Pinus-dominated forest and low fire frequency prior to 8200 cal yr BP, followed by open parkland until 2600 cal yr BP, and open mixed-conifer forest thereafter. Fire activity shifted from infrequent stand replacing fires initially to frequent surface fires in the middle Holocene and stand-replacing events in recent centuries. Low values of δ18O suggest high winter precipitation in the early Holocene, followed by steadily drier conditions after 8500 cal yr BP. Carbonate-rich sediments before 5000 cal yr BP imply warmer summer conditions than after 5000 cal yr BP. High values of molybdenum (Mo), uranium (U), and sulfur (S) indicate anoxic bottom-waters before 8000 cal yr BP, between 4400 and 3900 cal yr BP, and after 2400 cal yr BP. The diatom record indicates extensive water-column mixing in spring and early summer through much of the Holocene, but a period between 2200 and 800 cal yr BP had strong summer stratification, phosphate limitation, and oxygen-deficient bottom waters. Together, the proxy data suggest wet winters, protracted springs, and warm effectively wet summers in the early Holocene and less snowpack, cool springs, warm dry summers in the middle Holocene. In the late Holocene, the region and lake experienced extreme changes in winter, spring, and summer conditions, with particularly short springs and dry summers and winters during the Roman Warm Period (~2000 cal yr BP) and Medieval Climate Anomaly (1200–800 cal yr BP). Long springs and mild summers occurred during the Little Ice Age, and these conditions persist to the present. Although the proxy data indicate effectively wet summer conditions in the early Holocene and drier conditions in the middle and late Holocene, none point specifically to changes in summer precipitation as the cause. Instead, summer conditions were governed by multi-seasonal controls on effective moisture that operated over multiple time scales. #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #------------------ # Site_Information # Site_Name: Crevice Lake # Location: Montana # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 45 # Southernmost_Latitude: 45 # Easternmost_Longitude: -110.578 # Westernmost_Longitude: -110.578 # Elevation: 1713 #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Crevice.Stevens.2012 # Earliest_Year: 1363.416 # Most_Recent_Year: 41.549 # Time_Unit: BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #------------------ # Species # Species_Name: # Species_Code: # Common_Name: #------------------ # Chronology_Section # Chronology: #------------------ # Variables # # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Data line variables format: Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components ( 10 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data, additional_information) # ## year age, ,,year CE, , , ,,N, ## d18O_calcite delta 18O,calcite,,per mil VPDB,,paleolimnology,,,N,endogenic carbonates; sediments <63um ## age age, ,,calendar years before present, ,, ,,N, # #------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header) # Missing_Values: nan # year d18O_calcite age 1908.451 -7.51 41.549 1901.822 nan 48.178 1899.107 nan 50.893 1893.572 -6.66 56.428 1889.327 -6.13 60.673 1882.079 -7.97 67.921 1876.124 -8.2 73.876 1871.567 -8.71 78.433 1865.373 -8.24 84.627 1859.043 -6.85 90.957 1854.208 -7.3 95.792 1847.644 -6.45 102.356 1842.635 -6.8 107.365 1834.123 -6.38 115.877 1830.662 -7.23 119.338 1823.642 -6.52 126.358 1818.294 -7.33 131.706 1811.052 -6.4 138.948 1805.539 -6.78 144.461 1799.955 -6.87 150.045 1794.302 -7.37 155.698 1786.657 -6.87 163.343 1782.789 -8.68 167.211 1778.891 -7.71 171.109 1769.014 -6.77 180.986 1760.98 -6.49 189.02 1754.876 -7.32 195.124 1748.708 -6.14 201.292 1742.474 -6.05 207.526 1736.176 -6.86 213.824 1731.941 -7.53 218.059 1723.388 -6.49 226.612 1716.9 -6.69 233.1 1708.151 -6.77 241.849 1699.293 -6.26 250.707 1688.069 -6.7 261.932 1678.968 -6.53 271.032 1665.12 -7.01 284.88 1658.108 -8.01 291.892 1648.668 -7.62 301.332 1641.522 -6.16 308.478 1631.905 -6.01 318.095 1624.627 -6.48 325.373 1619.745 -6.31 330.255 1612.375 -6.26 337.625 1604.95 -6.47 345.05 1597.471 -6.17 352.529 1589.939 -6.6 360.061 1584.887 nan 365.113 1579.813 -6.75 370.187 1567.025 -6.68 382.975 1561.87 -5.8 388.13 1551.491 -6.94 398.509 1543.648 -6.43 406.352 1533.113 -6.76 416.887 1522.49 -7.58 427.51 1511.781 -8.4 438.219 1498.275 -8.38 451.725 1484.639 -9.13 465.361 1470.874 -7.61 479.126 1459.772 -8.51 490.228 1445.782 -7.83 504.218 1431.671 -6.87 518.328 1423.148 -7.05 526.852 1414.581 nan 535.419 1391.535 -6.94 558.465 1388.634 -6.58 561.366 1376.984 -7.07 573.016 1371.133 -9.18 578.867 1356.429 -6.5 593.571 1344.589 -8.78 605.411 1335.665 -8.61 614.335 1326.704 -7.68 623.296 1305.652 -9.88 644.348 1302.629 -9.22 647.371 1290.497 -9.88 659.503 1281.358 -7.15 668.642 1272.184 -8.04 677.816 1262.977 -7.38 687.023 1256.821 -6.99 693.179 1241.367 -6.7 708.633 1228.94 -7.14 721.06 1219.583 -6.76 730.417 1210.196 -6.71 739.804 1203.921 -8.32 746.079 1188.176 -6.12 761.824 1172.351 -6.14 777.649 1165.999 -7.02 784.001 1153.258 -6.08 796.742 1137.265 -6.71 812.735 1127.634 -6.66 822.365 1121.2 -7.23 828.8 1105.064 -6.68 844.936 1098.591 -7.38 851.409 1082.361 -6.61 867.639 1075.85 -8.1 874.15 1066.066 -9.45 883.934 1056.26 -7.9 893.74 1043.151 -8.53 906.849 1033.294 -8.81 916.706 1023.417 -8.31 926.583 1013.52 -9.18 936.48 1006.911 -8.47 943.089 996.981 -8.92 953.019 990.351 -8.0 959.649 982.052 -8.34 967.948 973.741 -7.09 976.259 967.083 -7.09 982.917 957.082 -7.6 992.918 943.721 -7.33 1006.279 937.03 -7.17 1012.97 930.332 -8.79 1019.668 920.273 -7.47 1029.727 906.837 -8.24 1043.163 896.744 -10.04 1053.256 886.638 -9.94 1063.362 876.518 -7.6 1073.482 863.006 -8.06 1086.994 842.7 -7.08 1107.3 829.138 -7.21 1120.862 818.955 -7.23 1131.045 805.362 -6.58 1144.638 798.56 -6.64 1151.44 788.35 -6.91 1161.65 778.131 -6.13 1171.869 764.496 -6.6 1185.504 750.848 -6.51 1199.152 740.605 -6.23 1209.395 723.521 -6.55 1226.479 716.684 -8.2 1233.316 706.424 -7.09 1243.576 699.582 -7.28 1250.418 692.739 -7.32 1257.261 682.471 -7.59 1267.529 672.201 -7.1 1277.799 661.929 -7.92 1288.071 648.23 -6.98 1301.77 637.955 -6.77 1312.045 627.679 -6.94 1322.321 613.979 -7.5 1336.021 593.431 -8.68 1356.569 586.584 -7.74 1363.416