# Sherriff fire data from Taylor Mountain, Colorado Front Range - IMPD USRS-007
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#                World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
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#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#             National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
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# Template Version 4.0
# Encoding: UTF-8
# NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. 
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# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/37442
#   Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata.
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# Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-fire-37442.json
#   Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata.
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# Data_Type: Fire History
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# Dataset_DOI:
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# Science_Keywords: 
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# Resource_Links
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# Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usrs-007.fhx
#   Data_Download_Description: Data - Fire History Exchange File (FHX); Taylor Mountain Fire Scar Data 
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# Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usrs-007-noaa.txt
#   Data_Download_Description: Metadata - NOAA Template File; Taylor Mountain Fire Scar Metadata
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# Contribution_Date
#   Date: 2014-09-24
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# File_Last_Modified_Date
#   Date: 2023-02-21
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# Title
#   Study_Name: Sherriff fire data from Taylor Mountain, Colorado Front Range - IMPD USRS-007
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# Investigators
#   Investigators: Sherriff, Rosemary L.; Veblen, Thomas T.
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# Description_Notes_and_Keywords
#   Description: 
# This dataset was contributed as part of the Fire data from the Colorado Front Range 2014 research project (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/17194). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators.
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# Sample Storage Location: 
# Dating Method: Crossdated
# Related ITRDB_Chronology: Not Applicable
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# Fire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at:
#   https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usrs-007.fhx
# along with associated metadata at:
#   https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usrs-007-noaa.txt
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# Establishment date data from this site are available in CSV format at:
#   https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/establishment/northamerica/usrs-007.dat
# along with associated metadata at:
#   https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/establishment/northamerica/usrs-007-estab-noaa.txt
# 
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# Funding_Agency 
#   Funding_Agency_Name:
#   Grant:
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# Publication 
#   Authors: Sherriff, R.L. and T.T. Veblen
#   Published_Date_or_Year: 2006.0
#   Published_Title: Ecological effects of changes in fire regimes in Pinus ponderosa ecosystems in the Colorado Front Range
#   Journal_Name:  Journal of Vegetation Science
#   Volume: 17.0
#   Edition: 
#   Issue: 
#   Pages: 205-218
#   Report_Number: 
#   DOI: 
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#   Full_Citation: Sherriff, R.L. and T.T. Veblen. 2006. Ecological effects of changes in fire regimes in Pinus ponderosa ecosystems in the Colorado Front Range. Journal of Vegetation Science 17: 205-218.   
#   Abstract: 
# Question: What is the relative importance of low- and high severity fires in shaping forest structure across the range of Pinus ponderosa in northern Colorado? Location: Colorado Front Range, USA. Methods: To assess severities of historic fires, 24 sites were sampled across an elevation range of 1800 to 2800 m for fire scars, tree establishment dates, tree mortality, and changes in tree-ring growth. Results: Below 1950 m, the high number of fire scars, scarcity of large post-fire cohorts, and lack of synchronous tree mortality or growth releases, indicate that historic fires were of low severity. In contrast, above 2200 m, fire severity was greater but frequency of widespread fires was substantially less. At 18 sites above 1950 m, 34 to 80% of the live trees date from establishment associated with the last moderate- to high severity fire. In these 18 sites, only 2 to 52% of the living trees pre-date these fires suggesting that fire severities prior to any effects of fire suppression were sufficient to kill many trees. Conclusions: These findings for the P. ponderosa zone above ca. 2200 m (i.e. most of the zone) contradict the widespread perception that fire exclusion, at least at the stand scale of tens to hundreds of hectares, has resulted in unnaturally high stand densities or in an atypical abundance of shade-tolerant species. At relatively mesic sites (e.g. higher elevation, north-facing), the historic fire regime consisted of a variable-severity regime, but forest structure was shaped primarily by severe fires rather than by surface fires.
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# Site_Information
#   Site_Name: Taylor Mountain - IMPD USRS-007
#   Location: North America>United States Of America>Colorado
#   Northernmost_Latitude: 40.207394
#   Southernmost_Latitude: 40.207394
#   Easternmost_Longitude: -105.47162
#   Westernmost_Longitude: -105.47162
#   Elevation_m: 2593
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# Data_Collection
#   Collection_Name: USRS-007
#   First_Year: 1600
#   Last_Year: 2001
#   Time_Unit: CE
#   Core_Length_m: 
#   Parameter_Keywords: fire scar dates
#   Notes: 
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# Species 
#   Species_Name: Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson
#   Common_Name: ponderosa pine
#   Common_Name: western yellow pine
#   Tree_Species_Code: PIPO
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
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# Chronology Information: 
# Chronology:
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# Variables
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# PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/PaST-thesaurus/SKOS/past-thesaurus-v1.0.rdf
#   PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format.
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#   Short_name	what,material,error,units,seasonality,data_type,detail,method,data_format,additional_information
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## age_ce	age,,,year Common Era,,FIRE HISTORY;TREE RING,,,N,
## tree_events	tree demographic and injury and fire event code,wood,,,,FIRE HISTORY;TREE RING,,,C,FHX2 data format; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes
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# Data:
# To access data, use Data_Download_Resource links above.