# Huff fire data from Price Mountain, Appalachian Mountains - IMPD USPRM001
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#                World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
#                                  and 
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#             National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
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# Template Version 4.0
# Encoding: UTF-8
# NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. 
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# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/38000
#   Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata.
#
# Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-fire-38000.json
#   Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata.
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# Data_Type: Fire History
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# Dataset_DOI:
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# Science_Keywords: 
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# Resource_Links
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# Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usprm001.fhx
#   Data_Download_Description: Data - Fire History Exchange File (FHX); Price Mountain Fire Scar Data 
# 
# Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usprm001-noaa.txt
#   Data_Download_Description: Metadata - NOAA Template File; Price Mountain Fire Scar Metadata
#--------------------
# Contribution_Date
#   Date: 2023-02-02
#--------------------
# File_Last_Modified_Date
#   Date: 2023-04-25
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# Title
#   Study_Name: Huff fire data from Price Mountain, Appalachian Mountains - IMPD USPRM001
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# Investigators
#   Investigators: Huff, Emily; Speer, James
#--------------------
# Description_Notes_and_Keywords
#   Description: 
# 
# This dataset was contributed as part of the North American Tree-ring Fire Scar Synthesis (NAFSS) project (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/34853). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators.
# 
# Sample Storage Location: 
# Dating Method: Dated
# Related ITRDB_Chronology: Not Applicable
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# Fire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at:
#   https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usprm001.fhx
# along with associated metadata at:
#   https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usprm001-noaa.txt
# 
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# Funding_Agency 
#   Funding_Agency_Name:
#   Grant:
#--------------------
# Publication 
#   Authors: Emily J. Silver, James H. Speer, Margot Kaye, Nicholas J. Reo, Lauren F. Howard, Alexander K. Anning, Samuel W. Wood, Henry M. Wilbur
#   Published_Date_or_Year: 2013
#   Published_Title: Fire history and age Structure of an oak-pine forest on Price Mountain, Virginia, USA
#   Journal_Name: Natural Areas Journal
#   Volume: 33
#   Edition: 
#   Issue: 4
#   Pages: 440-446
#   Report_Number: 
#   DOI: 10.3375/043.033.0407
#   Publication_Place: 
#   Publisher: 
#   ISBN: 
#   Online_Resource: 
#   Other_Reference_Details: 
#   Full_Citation: 
#   Abstract: 
# Fire history is an important aspect of the natural disturbance pattern of many types of forested ecosystems. Nonetheless, many forests and corresponding management plans lack quantitative information on fire interval, frequency, and seasonality. This project examined the fire history at Price Mountain, Virginia, using fire scar samples and tree-ring analyses from live tree chronologies. Additionally, this project investigated the fire scarring potential of two little-studied species, black gum (Nyssa sylvatica) and sourwood (Oxydendrum arboreum), as well as described the age-structure of the current stand. We hypothesized that fire frequency would be high prior to the fire suppression era, given the proximity to an historical railroad track at the base of the mountain and susceptibility to lightning due to elevation. Six major fire years occurred between 1861 and 1925 at an average interval of 14 years, followed by a period of no fires. Two-thirds of the fires burned early in the season. There was an initial establishment of sourwood and chestnut oak (Quercus prinus) from 1930–1940 as well as another establishment peak between 1950 and 1960 after a major logging event. Pine (Pinus pungens and Pinus rigida) species established between 1870 and 1930. Reconstructed fire history and age structure informs land managers that repeated fires occurred in this Appalachian ridge top forest and that modern forest structure is in part the legacy of historic fires and fire suppression.
#
#--------------------
# Site_Information
#   Site_Name: Price Mountain - IMPD USPRM001
#   Location: North America>United States Of America>Virginia
#   Northernmost_Latitude: 37.1865
#   Southernmost_Latitude: 37.1865
#   Easternmost_Longitude: -80.481
#   Westernmost_Longitude: -80.481
#   Elevation_m: 711
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# Data_Collection
#   Collection_Name: USPRM001
#   First_Year: 1838
#   Last_Year: 2010
#   Time_Unit: CE
#   Core_Length_m: 
#   Parameter_Keywords: fire scar dates
#   Notes: 
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# Species 
#   Species_Name: Quercus prinus L.
#   Common_Name: chestnut oak
#   Tree_Species_Code: QUPR
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
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# Species 
#   Species_Name: Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.
#   Common_Name: black tupelo
#   Common_Name: blackgum
#   Tree_Species_Code: NYSY
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
#--------------------
# Species 
#   Species_Name: Pinus rigida Mill.
#   Common_Name: pitch pine
#   Tree_Species_Code: PIRI
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
#--------------------
# Species 
#   Species_Name: Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC
#   Common_Name: sourwood
#   Tree_Species_Code: OXAR
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
#--------------------
# Species 
#   Species_Name: Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.
#   Common_Name: American Chestnut
#   Tree_Species_Code: CADN
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
#--------------------
# Species 
#   Species_Name: Acer rubrum L.
#   Common_Name: red maple
#   Tree_Species_Code: ACRU
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
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# Species 
#   Species_Name: Pinus pungens Lamb.
#   Common_Name: Table Mountain pine
#   Tree_Species_Code: PIPU
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
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# Species 
#   Species_Name: Quercus rubra L.
#   Common_Name: red oak
#   Tree_Species_Code: QURU
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
#--------------------
# Species 
#   Species_Name: Quercus coccinea Muenchh.
#   Common_Name: scarlet oak
#   Tree_Species_Code: QUCO
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
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# Species 
#   Species_Name: Robinia pseudoacacia L.
#   Common_Name: black locust
#   Tree_Species_Code: ROPS
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
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# Species 
#   Species_Name: Carya cordoformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch
#   Common_Name: bitternut hickory
#   Tree_Species_Code: CYCO
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
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# Chronology Information: 
# Chronology:
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# Variables
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# PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/PaST-thesaurus/SKOS/past-thesaurus-v1.0.rdf
#   PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format.
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#   Short_name	what,material,error,units,seasonality,data_type,detail,method,data_format,additional_information
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## age_ce	age,,,year Common Era,,FIRE HISTORY;TREE RING,,,N,
## tree_events	tree demographic and injury and fire event code,wood,,,,FIRE HISTORY;TREE RING,,,C,FHX2 data format; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes
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# Data:
# To access data, use Data_Download_Resource links above.