# Hessl fire data from Pike Knob Preserve, Central Appalachian - IMPD USPKN001
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#                World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
#                                  and 
#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#             National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
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# Template Version 4.0
# Encoding: UTF-8
# NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. 
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# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/37956
#   Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata.
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# Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-fire-37956.json
#   Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata.
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# Data_Type: Fire History
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# Dataset_DOI:
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# Science_Keywords: 
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# Resource_Links
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# Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/uspkn001.fhx
#   Data_Download_Description: Data - Fire History Exchange File (FHX); Pike Knob Preserve Fire Scar Data 
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# Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/uspkn001-noaa.txt
#   Data_Download_Description: Metadata - NOAA Template File; Pike Knob Preserve Fire Scar Metadata
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# Contribution_Date
#   Date: 2023-03-27
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# File_Last_Modified_Date
#   Date: 2023-04-13
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# Title
#   Study_Name: Hessl fire data from Pike Knob Preserve, Central Appalachian - IMPD USPKN001
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# Investigators
#   Investigators: Hessl, Amy (0000-0002-2279-6260)
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# Description_Notes_and_Keywords
#   Description: 
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# This dataset was contributed as part of the North American Tree-ring Fire Scar Synthesis (NAFSS) project (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/34853). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators.
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# Sample Storage Location: Brooks Hall, West Virginia University
# Dating Method: Dated
# Related ITRDB_Chronology: Not Applicable
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# Fire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at:
#   https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/uspkn001.fhx
# along with associated metadata at:
#   https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/uspkn001-noaa.txt
# 
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# Funding_Agency 
#   Funding_Agency_Name:
#   Grant:
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# Publication 
#   Authors: Hessl, Amy E; Saladyga, Tom; Schuler, Thomas; Clark, Peter; Wixom, Joshua
#   Published_Date_or_Year: 2011
#   Published_Title: Fire history from three species on a central Appalachian ridgetop
#   Journal_Name: Canadian Journal of Forest Research
#   Volume: 41
#   Edition: 
#   Issue: 10
#   Pages: 2031-2039
#   Report_Number: 
#   DOI: 10.1139/x11-125
#   Publication_Place: 
#   Publisher: 
#   ISBN: 
#   Online_Resource: 
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#   Full_Citation: 
#   Abstract: 
# The impact of settlement era fires on Appalachian forests was substantial, but whether these fires affected the extent of fire-adapted ridgetop plant communities is poorly understood. Here we present fire history and stand structure of an Appalachian ridgetop (Pike Knob, West Virginia) based on fire scars from three species (Pinus pungens Lamb., Pinus resinosa Soland., and Quercus rubra L.) and stand structure from two species (P. pungens and P. resinosa). Our research objectives are to determine (i) the degree to which the fire frequency on Pike Knob was affected by European American settlement (~1780–1900) and (ii) how the history of fire on Pike Knob shaped the current age structure of P. resinosa and P. pungens. All three species documented fire activity beginning in the mid- to late 1800s and continuing into the middle of the 20th century, when pasture lands were most active. The majority of P. pungens and P. resinosa established during or shortly after the ~85-year period of fires (1868–1953), suggesting a strong influence of past land use on current forest composition. Ridgetop pine communities have been resilient to both the absence of fire and frequent fire, indicating that pine communities will also be resilient to modern fire management, whether fire is excluded or re-introduced.
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# Site_Information
#   Site_Name: Pike Knob Preserve - IMPD USPKN001
#   Location: North America>United States Of America>West Virginia
#   Northernmost_Latitude: 38.667864
#   Southernmost_Latitude: 38.667864
#   Easternmost_Longitude: -79.43842
#   Westernmost_Longitude: -79.43842
#   Elevation_m: 1280
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# Data_Collection
#   Collection_Name: USPKN001
#   First_Year: 1801
#   Last_Year: 2008
#   Time_Unit: CE
#   Core_Length_m: 
#   Parameter_Keywords: fire scar dates
#   Notes: 
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# Species 
#   Species_Name: Pinus resinosa Aiton
#   Common_Name: red pine
#   Tree_Species_Code: PIRE
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
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# Chronology Information: 
# Chronology:
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# Variables
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# PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/PaST-thesaurus/SKOS/past-thesaurus-v1.0.rdf
#   PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format.
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#   Short_name	what,material,error,units,seasonality,data_type,detail,method,data_format,additional_information
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## age_ce	age,,,year Common Era,,FIRE HISTORY;TREE RING,,,N,
## tree_events	tree demographic and injury and fire event code,wood,,,,FIRE HISTORY;TREE RING,,,C,FHX2 data format; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes
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# Data:
# To access data, use Data_Download_Resource links above.