# Gartner fire data from Centennial Cone II, Colorado Front Range - IMPD USMG-012 #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/37401 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-fire-37401.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Fire History # # Dataset_DOI: # # Science_Keywords: # #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usmg-012.fhx # Data_Download_Description: Data - Fire History Exchange File (FHX); Centennial Cone II Fire Scar Data # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usmg-012-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: Metadata - NOAA Template File; Centennial Cone II Fire Scar Metadata #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2014-09-24 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2023-02-21 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Gartner fire data from Centennial Cone II, Colorado Front Range - IMPD USMG-012 #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Gartner, Merideth H.; Sherriff, Rosemary L.; Veblen, Thomas T.; Schoennagel, Tania L. #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: # This dataset was contributed as part of the Fire data from the Colorado Front Range 2014 research project (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/17194). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators. # # Sample Storage Location: # Dating Method: Crossdated # Related ITRDB_Chronology: Not Applicable # # Fire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at: # https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usmg-012.fhx # along with associated metadata at: # https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/usmg-012-noaa.txt # # Establishment date data from this site are available in CSV format at: # https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/establishment/northamerica/usmg-012.dat # along with associated metadata at: # https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/establishment/northamerica/usmg-012-estab-noaa.txt # # #------------------ # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Gartner, M.H., T.T. Veblen, R.L. Sherriff, and T.L. Schoennagel # Published_Date_or_Year: 2012 # Published_Title: Proximity to grasslands influences fire frequency and sensitivity to climate variability in Pinus ponderosa forests of the Colorado Front Range # Journal_Name: International Journal of Wildland Fire # Volume: 21 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1071/WF10103 # Publication_Place: # Publisher: # ISBN: # Online_Resource: # Other_Reference_Details: # Full_Citation: Gartner, M.H., T.T. Veblen, R.L. Sherriff, and T.L. Schoennagel. 2012. Proximity to grasslands influences fire frequency and sensitivity to climate variability in Pinus ponderosa forests of the Colorado Front Range. International Journal of Wildland Fire 21: 562-571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF10103 # Abstract: # This study examines the influence of grasslands on fire frequency and occurrence in the ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa)-dominated forests of the central and northern Colorado Front Range. Fire frequency based on tree-ring fire-scar data was compared between 34 fire history sites adjacent to grasslands and 34 fire history sites not adjacent to grasslands for the time period 1675–1920. Relationships were examined between fire occurrence and values of the Palmer Drought Severity Index and sea-surface temperatures from the NINO3 region of the tropical Pacific Ocean (positive values indicating El Niño-like conditions and negative values La Niña-like conditions). Ponderosa pine stands adjacent to grasslands experienced more frequent fire than stands not adjacent to grasslands (P<0.05) owing to proximity to prevalent fine fuels able to support relatively frequent surface fires. Fire activity adjacent to grasslands showed a lagged positive relationship with moist years (positive Palmer Drought Severity Index and positive NINO3) antecedent to fire events whereas fire occurrence at sites not adjacent to grasslands showed no relationship to antecedent moist years. This study illustrates how the presence of grasslands in a ponderosa pine landscape results in increased fire frequency (a bottom–up influence) and also increases the sensitivity of fire activity to interannual climate variability (a top–down influence). # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Sherriff, R.L., R.V. Platt, T.T. Veblen, T.L. Schoennagel, and M.H. Gartner # Published_Date_or_Year: 2014 # Published_Title: Historical, observed, and modeled wildfire severity in montane forests of the Colorado Front Range # Journal_Name: PLOS ONE # Volume: 9 # Edition: 0.0 # Issue: # Pages: 562-571 # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106971 # Publication_Place: # Publisher: # ISBN: # Online_Resource: # Other_Reference_Details: # Full_Citation: Sherriff, R.L., R.V. Platt, T.T. Veblen, T.L. Schoennagel, and M.H. Gartner. 2014. Historical, observed, and modeled wildfire severity in montane forests of the Colorado Front Range. PLOS ONE. 9(9): e106971. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0106971 # Abstract: # Large recent fires in the western U.S. have contributed to a perception that fire exclusion has caused an unprecedented occurrence of uncharacteristically severe fires, particularly in lower elevation dry pine forests. In the absence of long-term fire severity records, it is unknown how short-term trends compare to fire severity prior to 20th century fire exclusion. This study compares historical (i.e. pre-1920) fire severity with observed modern fire severity and modeled potential fire behavior across 564,413 ha of montane forests of the Colorado Front Range. We used forest structure and tree-ring fire history to characterize fire severity at 232 sites and then modeled historical fire-severity across the entire study area using biophysical variables. Eighteen (7.8%) sites were characterized by low-severity fires and 214 (92.2%) by mixed-severity fires (i.e. including moderate- or high-severity fires). Difference in area of historical versus observed low-severity fire within nine recent (post-1999) large fire perimeters was greatest in lower montane forests. Only 16% of the study area recorded a shift from historical low severity to a higher potential for crown fire today. An historical fire regime of more frequent and low-severity fires at low elevations (<2260 m) supports a convergence of management goals of ecological restoration and fire hazard mitigation in those habitats. In contrast, at higher elevations mixed-severity fires were predominant historically and continue to be so today. Thinning treatments at higher elevations of the montane zone will not return the fire regime to an historic low-severity regime, and are of questionable effectiveness in preventing severe wildfires. Based on present-day fuels, predicted fire behavior under extreme fire weather continues to indicate a mixed-severity fire regime throughout most of the montane forest zone. Recent large wildfires in the Front Range are not fundamentally different from similar events that occurred historically under extreme weather conditions. # #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Centennial Cone II - IMPD USMG-012 # Location: North America>United States Of America>Colorado # Northernmost_Latitude: 39.75517 # Southernmost_Latitude: 39.75517 # Easternmost_Longitude: -105.359042 # Westernmost_Longitude: -105.359042 # Elevation_m: 2526 #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: USMG-012 # First_Year: 1730 # Last_Year: 2005 # Time_Unit: CE # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: fire scar dates # Notes: #-------------------- # Species # Species_Name: Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco # Common_Name: Douglas-fir # Tree_Species_Code: PSME # Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv # Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes. #-------------------- # Species # Species_Name: Pinus ponderosa Douglas ex C. Lawson # Common_Name: ponderosa pine # Common_Name: western yellow pine # Tree_Species_Code: PIPO # Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv # Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes. #-------------------- # Chronology Information: # Chronology: # #-------------------- # Variables # # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/PaST-thesaurus/SKOS/past-thesaurus-v1.0.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Short_name what,material,error,units,seasonality,data_type,detail,method,data_format,additional_information # ## age_ce age,,,year Common Era,,FIRE HISTORY;TREE RING,,,N, ## tree_events tree demographic and injury and fire event code,wood,,,,FIRE HISTORY;TREE RING,,,C,FHX2 data format; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes # #-------------------- # Data: # To access data, use Data_Download_Resource links above.