# Farris fire data from Mica Mountain - IMPD US03_14B
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#                World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
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#                     NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
#             National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
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# Template Version 4.0
# Encoding: UTF-8
# NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. 
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# Description/Documentation lines begin with #
# Data lines have no #
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# NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/37827
#   Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata.
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# Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-fire-37827.json
#   Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata.
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# Data_Type: Fire History
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# Dataset_DOI:
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# Science_Keywords: 
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# Resource_Links
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# Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/us03_14b.fhx
#   Data_Download_Description: Data - Fire History Exchange File (FHX); Mica Mountain Fire Scar Data 
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# Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/us03_14b-noaa.txt
#   Data_Download_Description: Metadata - NOAA Template File; Mica Mountain Fire Scar Metadata
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# Contribution_Date
#   Date: 2022-04-06
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# File_Last_Modified_Date
#   Date: 2023-03-29
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# Title
#   Study_Name: Farris fire data from Mica Mountain - IMPD US03_14B
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# Investigators
#   Investigators: Farris, Calvin, A. (https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9748-4432)
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# Description_Notes_and_Keywords
#   Description: 
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# This dataset was contributed as part of the North American Tree-ring Fire Scar Synthesis (NAFSS) project (https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/34853). Data were contributed to the project from the original data generators.
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# Sample Storage Location: Laboratory of Tree-Ring, University of Arizona
# Dating Method: Dated
# Related ITRDB_Chronology: Not Applicable
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# Fire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at:
#   https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/us03_14b.fhx
# along with associated metadata at:
#   https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/us03_14b-noaa.txt
# 
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# Funding_Agency 
#   Funding_Agency_Name:
#   Grant:
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# Publication 
#   Authors: Calvin A. Farris, Christopher H. Baisan, Donald A. Falk,  Stephen R. Yool and Thomas W. Swetnam
#   Published_Date_or_Year: 2010
#   Published_Title: Spatial and temporal corroboration of a fire-scar-based fire history in a frequently burned ponderosa pine forest
#   Journal_Name: Ecological Applications
#   Volume: 20
#   Edition: 
#   Issue: 6.0
#   Pages: 1598-1614
#   Report_Number: 
#   DOI: 10.1890/09-1535.1
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#   Publisher: 
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#   Full_Citation: 
#   Abstract: 
# Fire scars are used widely to reconstruct historical fire regime parameters in forests around the world. Because fire scars provide incomplete records of past fire occurrence at discrete points in space, inferences must be made to reconstruct fire frequency and extent across landscapes using spatial networks of fire-scar samples. Assessing the relative accuracy of fire-scar fire history reconstructions has been hampered due to a lack of empirical comparisons with independent fire history data sources. We carried out such a comparison in a 2780-ha ponderosa pine forest on Mica Mountain in southern Arizona (USA) for the time period 1937–2000. Using documentary records of fire perimeter maps and ignition locations, we compared reconstructions of key spatial and temporal fire regime parameters developed from documentary fire maps and independently collected fire-scar data (n = 60 plots). We found that fire-scar data provided spatially representative and complete inventories of all major fire years (>100 ha) in the study area but failed to detect most small fires. There was a strong linear relationship between the percentage of samples recording fire scars in a given year (i.e., fire-scar synchrony) and total area burned for that year (y = 0.0003x + 0.0087, r2 = 0.96). There was also strong spatial coherence between cumulative fire frequency maps interpolated from fire-scar data and ground-mapped fire perimeters. Widely reported fire frequency summary statistics varied little between fire history data sets: fire-scar natural fire rotations (NFR) differed by <3 yr from documentary records (29.6 yr); mean fire return intervals (MFI) for large-fire years (i.e., ?25% of study area burned) were identical between data sets (25.5 yr); fire-scar MFIs for all fire years differed by 1.2 yr from documentary records. The known seasonal timing of past fires based on documentary records was furthermore reconstructed accurately by observing intra-annual ring position of fire scars and using knowledge of tree-ring growth phenology in the Southwest. Our results demonstrate clearly that representative landscape-scale fire histories can be reconstructed accurately from spatially distributed fire-scar samples.
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# Site_Information
#   Site_Name: Mica Mountain - IMPD US03_14B
#   Location: North America>United States Of America>Arizona
#   Northernmost_Latitude: 32.19996
#   Southernmost_Latitude: 32.19996
#   Easternmost_Longitude: -110.545
#   Westernmost_Longitude: -110.545
#   Elevation_m: 2318
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# Data_Collection
#   Collection_Name: US03_14B
#   First_Year: 1649
#   Last_Year: 2002
#   Time_Unit: CE
#   Core_Length_m: 
#   Parameter_Keywords: fire scar dates
#   Notes: 
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# Species 
#   Species_Name: Pinus arizonica Engelm.
#   Common_Name: Arizona pine
#   Tree_Species_Code: PIAZ
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
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# Species 
#   Species_Name: Pinus strobiformis Engelm.
#   Common_Name: southwestern white pine
#   Tree_Species_Code: PISF
#   Tree_Species_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/tree-species-code.csv
#   Tree_Species_Download_Description: List of accepted tree species names and codes.
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# Chronology Information: 
# Chronology:
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# Variables
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# PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/PaST-thesaurus/SKOS/past-thesaurus-v1.0.rdf
#   PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format.
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#   Short_name	what,material,error,units,seasonality,data_type,detail,method,data_format,additional_information
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## age_ce	age,,,year Common Era,,FIRE HISTORY;TREE RING,,,N,
## tree_events	tree demographic and injury and fire event code,wood,,,,FIRE HISTORY;TREE RING,,,C,FHX2 data format; refer to IMPD documentation for description of codes
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# Data:
# To access data, use Data_Download_Resource links above.