# ****************************************************************
# ** Please acknowledge the contributors and the International  **
# ** Multiproxy Paleofire Database when using these data.       **
# ****************************************************************
#
# Site name: Black Hills Plot 112
# Investigator: Peter M. Brown
#
# Dating Method  : Crossdated
# Collectors     : Peter M. Brown
# Species name   : Pinus ponderosa
# Common name    : Ponderosa pine
# Country        : United States
# State          : South Dakota
# National Forest: Black Hills National Forest
# Latitude       : 43 55 N
# Longitude      : 103 51 W
# Lowest elev    : 2048 m
# Highest elev   : 2048 m
# Slope          : 4
# Aspect         : NE
# Sample Storage Location: Rocky Mountain Tree-Ring Research, Inc.,
# Ft. Collins, CO
#
# Fire scar data from this site are available in FHX2 format at:
# ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/us112001.fhx
# along with associated metadata at:
# ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/us112001.txt
# and an accompanying site chronology diagram at:
# ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/diagrams/us112001.gif
#
# Methods: See Brown, P.M. 2001. Increment cores were removed from
# approximately 10 cm height above ground level on living trees and cross
# sections were cut from stumps, logs, and snags such that one surface was
# at an estimated 10 cm height above root crown. Cores sampled had to be
# no more than a field-estimated 10 years from pith. On increment cores
# or cross sections that did not include pith but inside ring curvature
# was visible, pith dates were estimated using overlaid concentric circles
# of varying diameters that take into account both average inside ring
# widths and an estimated distance to pith.
#
# Reference: Brown, P.M. 2001. Landscape Age Structure of Ponderosa Pine
# Stands, Limestone Plateau, Black Hills National Forest: Final Report.
# USDA Forest Service, Report CSS-11020399-23.
# A PDF copy of the text from this report is available at:
# ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/supplemental/BH_AGE_finalreport_text.PDF
# A PDF copy of the figures from this report is avaialbe at:
# ftp://ftp.ngdc.noaa.gov/paleo/firehistory/firescar/northamerica/supplemental/BH_AGE_finalreport_figures.PDF
#
# Comments: Twenty-five of 30 trees were dated from this plot.  One tree
# that could not be dated was aspen.  Living trees in the stand all dated
# to the latter 1800s to early 1900s.  The bulk of the pre- settlement
# trees were a mix of logs and snags with 3 stumps that had piths between
# 1544 and 1554.  Another two stumps and a log dated between 1615 and 1622.
# Fire scars were recorded on many of the remnants with most of the usual
# fire dates represented, although there was a gap in dates between 1785
# (recorded on only one tree) and a cluster of dates in the latter 1800s
# starting at 1858.  However, this may be due to sample depth during this
# period, with only 5 trees.
# 
        1       Tree ID
        2       Year
        3       Feature
1,1549,pith
1,1654,fire scar dormant postition
1,1679,last ring
2,1550,pith
2,1753,last ring
3,1550,pith
3,1574,fire scar dormant postition
3,1706,fire scar undetermined
3,1736,last ring
4,1754,pith
4,1858,fire scar undetermined
4,1859,last ring
6,1620,pith
6,1684,fire scar dormant postition
6,1706,fire scar undetermined
6,1727,last ring
7,1715,pith
7,1747,fire scar latewood
7,1753,fire scar dormant postition
7,1858,fire scar undetermined
7,1859,last ring
9,1805,pith
9,1866,fire scar dormant postition
9,1879,fire scar dormant postition
9,1930,bark
10,1548,pith
10,1654,fire scar dormant postition
10,1669,last ring
12,1544,pith
12,1684,fire scar dormant postition
12,1742,last ring
13,1554,pith
13,1684,fire scar dormant postition
13,1706,fire scar undetermined
13,1747,fire scar dormant postition
13,1780,last ring
15,1773,pith
15,1785,fire scar undetermined
15,1858,fire scar dormant postition
15,1863,fire scar undetermined
15,1920,bark
16,1622,pith
16,1668,fire scar undetermined
16,1747,fire scar dormant postition
16,1858,fire scar undetermined
16,1904,last ring
17,1914,pith
17,2000,bark
18,1551,pith
18,1580,fire scar dormant postition
18,1583,fire scar latewood
18,1591,fire scar dormant postition
18,1626,fire scar undetermined
18,1654,fire scar dormant postition
18,1684,fire scar dormant postition
18,1706,fire scar undetermined
18,1707,last ring
19,1908,pith
19,2000,bark
20,1615,pith
20,1684,fire scar dormant postition
20,1706,fire scar latewood
20,1734,last ring
21,1907,pith
21,2000,bark
22,1547,pith
22,1574,fire scar latewood
22,1580,fire scar dormant postition
22,1654,fire scar dormant postition
22,1684,fire scar undetermined
22,1685,last ring
23,1889,pith
23,2000,bark
24,1546,pith
24,1574,fire scar latewood
24,1580,fire scar dormant postition
24,1591,fire scar dormant postition
24,1626,fire scar undetermined
24,1631,fire scar undetermined
24,1654,fire scar dormant postition
24,1684,fire scar dormant postition
24,1706,fire scar latewood
24,1747,fire scar undetermined
24,1778,last ring
25,1917,pith
25,2000,bark
26,1880,pith
26,2000,bark
27,1550,pith
27,1684,fire scar dormant postition
27,1706,fire scar undetermined
27,1732,last ring
28,1892,pith
28,2000,bark
29,1903,pith
29,2000,bark