# Calder fire data from Tiago Lake, Colorado - IMPD USTIG001 #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/ # http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/ustig001.txt # # Archive: Fire History # # Parameter_Keywords: charcoal sediments #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2015-09-16 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Calder fire data from Tiago Lake, Colorado - IMPD USTIG001 #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Calder, John, W.; Stopka, Cody; Parker, Dusty; Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo; Shuman, Bryan, N. #--------------------------------------- # Description and Notes # Description: # Chronology and macroscopic charcoal counts (number of pieces >125 microns) from Whale Lake in the Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area, Colorado # Provided Keywords: fire climate, warming # Calder et al. includes datasets for twelve sites, including the one documented here. A list of all dataset site names and URLs follow: # Lake Eileen http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uselk001.txt # Gem Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usgem001.txt # Gold Creek Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usgcr001.txt # Hidden Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usphd001.txt # Hinman Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usphn001.txt # Middle Rainbow Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usprb001.txt # Round Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usprd001.txt # Seven Lakes http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uspsv001.txt # Summit Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/ussbw001.txt # Teal Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usptl001.txt # Tiago Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/ustig001.txt # Whale Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uspwl001.txt # # Contact person: Calder, John # Sample storage location: University of Wyoming # Sampling date: 7/1996 # Site size(ha): 4.2 # State/Province: Colorado # Water depth(cm): 1500 # Sampling device: Modified Livingston with a polycarbonate tube # Analysis method: Macroscopic charcoal counts - see Calder et al. 2015 for details #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Calder, W. John; Stopka, Cody; Parker, Dusty; Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo; Shuman, Bryan # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015 # Published_Title: Medieval Warming initiated exceptionally large wildfire outbreaks in the Rock Mountains # Journal_Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences # Volume: # Issue: # Pages: # Report Number: # DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1500796112 # Abstract: Many of the largest wildfires in US history burned in recent decades, and climate change explains much of the increase in area burned. The frequency of extreme wildfire weather will increase with continued warming, but many uncertainties still exist about future fire regimes, including how the risk of large fires will persist as vegetation changes. Past fire-climate relationships provide an opportunity to constrain the related uncertainties, and reveal widespread burning across large regions of western North America during past warm intervals. Whether such episodes also burned large portions of individual landscapes has been difficult to determine, however, because uncertainties with the ages of past fires and limited spatial resolution often prohibit specific estimates of past area burned. Accounting for these challenges in a subalpine landscape in Colorado, we estimated century-scale fire synchroneity across 12 lakesediment charcoal records spanning the past 2,000 y. The percentage of sites burned only deviated from the historic range of variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) between 1,200 and 850 y B.P., when temperatures were similar to recent decades. Between 1,130 and 1,030 y B.P., 83% (median estimate) of our sites burned when temperatures increased ~0.5 degrees C relative to the preceding centuries. Lake-based fire rotation during the MCA decreased to an estimated 120 y, representing a 260% higher rate of burning than during the period of dendroecological sampling (360 to -60 y B.P.). Increased burning, however, did not persist throughout the MCA. Burning declined abruptly before temperatures cooled, indicating possible fuel limitations to continued burning. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant: BCS-0845129 #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Tiago Lake # Location: Colorado # Country: United States of America # Northernmost_Latitude: 40.579 # Southernmost_Latitude: 40.579 # Easternmost_Longitude: -106.613 # Westernmost_Longitude: -106.613 # Elevation: 2700 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: USTIG001 CHAR # First_Year: 2899 # Last_Year: -46 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology: # Age model generated with the R package Bchron # Depth (cm) Lab Number Material Age (14C BP +/-1Sigma or 210Pb ) # 0 WSU Geology Bulk sediment (210Pb) -46 # 10 WSU Geology Bulk sediment (210Pb) 4 # 20 WSU Geology Bulk sediment (210Pb) 54 # 30 UCIAMS-37273 Bulk sediment (14C) 480+/-15 # 49.5 UCIAMS-58418 Pinus contorta needle 760+/-70 # 93.5 UCIAMS-32508 Wood/needles 1950+/-25 # 135 UCIAMS-58419 P. contorta, Pseudotsuga needles, wood 2890+/-160 # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## depth-cm-top depth,,,cm,,,top depth,,N ## depth-cm-bottom depth,,,cm,,,bottom depth,,N ## age-calBP-top age,,,calendar years BP,,Fire History,top of sample,,N ## age-calBP-bottom age,,,calendar years BP,,Fire History,top of sample,,N ## vol-wetsed volume,wet sediment,,ml,,Fire History,used for charcoal counts,,N ## char>125um charcoal,,,counts,,Fire History,>125 um,,N #------------------------ # Data # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Value: -999 depth-cm-top depth-cm-bottom age-calBP-top age-calBP-bottom vol-wetsed char>125um 0 0.5 -46 -43 1 0 0.5 1 -43 -41 1 0 1 1.5 -41 -38 1 5 1.5 2 -38 -36 1 1 2 2.5 -36 -33 1 0 2.5 3 -33 -31 1 0 3 3.5 -31 -29 1 1 3.5 4 -29 -26 1 1 4 4.5 -26 -24 1 5 4.5 5 -24 -21 1 1 5 5.5 -21 -19 1 1 5.5 6 -19 -17 1 9 6 6.5 -17 -14 1 10 6.5 7 -14 -12 1 10 7 7.5 -12 -9 1 5 7.5 8 -9 -7 1 1 8 8.5 -7 -4 1 0 8.5 9 -4 -2 1 5 9 9.5 -2 0 -999 -999 9.5 10 0 3 -999 -999 10 10.5 3 6 1 5 10.5 11 6 8 1 6 11 11.5 8 11 1 2 11.5 12 11 13 1 7 12 12.5 13 16 1 3 12.5 13 16 18 1 2 13 13.5 18 21 1 8 13.5 14 21 23 1 224 14 14.5 23 26 1 22 14.5 15 26 28 1 57 15 15.5 28 31 1 55 15.5 16 31 33 1 189 16 16.5 33 35 1 215 16.5 17 35 38 1 131 17 17.5 38 40 1 17 17.5 18 40 43 1 19 18 18.5 43 45 1 9 18.5 19 45 48 1 12 19 19.5 48 50 -999 -999 19.5 20 50 54 -999 -999 20 20.5 54 77 1 2 20.5 21 77 101 1 5 21 21.5 101 124 1 5 21.5 22 124 148 1 7 22 22.5 148 171 1 5 22.5 23 171 193 1 7 23 23.5 193 216 1 7 23.5 24 216 239 1 11 24 24.5 239 262 1 6 24.5 25 262 285 1 17 25 25.5 285 307 1 18 25.5 26 307 330 1 13 26 26.5 330 354 1 9 26.5 27 354 377 1 20 27 27.5 377 400 1 32 27.5 28 400 423 1 65 28 28.5 423 446 1 123 28.5 29 446 469 1 73 29 29.5 469 492 1 44 29.5 30 492 516 1 183 30 30.5 516 525 1 223 30.5 31 525 531 1 843 31 31.5 531 537 1 106 31.5 32 537 542 1 24 32 32.5 542 548 1 7 32.5 33 548 554 1 5 33 33.5 554 559 1 28 33.5 34 559 564 1 39 34 34.5 564 569.5 1 23 34.5 35 569.5 575 1 4 35 35.5 575 580 1 6 35.5 36 580 586 1 3 36 36.5 586 591 1 4 36.5 37 591 596 1 9 37 37.5 596 601 1 8 37.5 38 601 606 1 21 38 38.5 606 610 1 24 38.5 39 610 615 1 17 39 39.5 615 619 1 1 39.5 40 619 624 1 7 40 40.5 624 629 1 2 40.5 41 629 633 1 7 41 41.5 633 638 1 4 41.5 42 638 642 1 29 42 42.5 642 647 1 18 42.5 43 647 651 1 22 43 43.5 651 656 1 36 43.5 44 656 660.5 1 27 44 44.5 660.5 665 1 14 44.5 45 665 670 1 27 45 45.5 670 674 1 176 45.5 46 674 679 1 19 46 46.5 679 684 1 93 46.5 47 684 689 1 17 47 47.5 689 694.5 1 35 47.5 48 694.5 701 1 16 48 48.5 701 708 1 8 48.5 49 708 716 1 29 49 49.5 716 730 1 20 49.5 50 730 758 1 27 50 50.5 758 779 1 27 50.5 51 779 795 1 18 51 51.5 795 811.5 1 13 51.5 52 811.5 826 1 15 52 52.5 826 842 1 9 52.5 53 842 857 1 43 53 53.5 857 873.5 1 19 53.5 54 873.5 885 1 5 54 54.5 885 898 1 9 54.5 55 898 913 1 157 55 55.5 913 924 1 58 55.5 56 924 936 1 22 56 56.5 936 948 1 10 56.5 57 948 960 1 9 57 57.5 960 972.5 1 5 57.5 58 972.5 986 1 18 58 58.5 986 999 1 14 58.5 59 999 1012 1 11 59 59.5 1012 1024 1 7 59.5 60 1024 1038 1 31 60 60.5 1038 1053 1 15 60.5 61 1053 1065 1 3 61 61.5 1065 1077 1 5 61.5 62 1077 1091 1 28 62 62.5 1091 1106 1 33 62.5 63 1106 1117 1 24 63 63.5 1117 1130.5 1 26 63.5 64 1130.5 1141 1 57 64 64.5 1141 1153 1 28 64.5 65 1153 1166 1 63 65 65.5 1166 1176.5 1 42 65.5 66 1176.5 1190 1 46 66 66.5 1190 1204 1 298 66.5 67 1204 1216 1 763 67 67.5 1216 1228 1 110 67.5 68 1228 1240 1 17 68 68.5 1240 1253 1 2 68.5 69 1253 1264.5 1 167 69 69.5 1264.5 1277.5 1 68 69.5 70 1277.5 1289 1 97 70 70.5 1289 1300 1 20 70.5 71 1300 1311 1 157 71 71.5 1311 1320.5 1 18 71.5 72 1320.5 1334 1 20 72 72.5 1334 1348 1 48 72.5 73 1348 1361 1 124 73 73.5 1361 1373 1 84 73.5 74 1373 1384.5 1 33 74 74.5 1384.5 1398 1 58 74.5 75 1398 1409.5 1 62 75 75.5 1409.5 1421 1 55 75.5 76 1421 1434 1 58 76 76.5 1434 1445 1 27 76.5 77 1445 1458 1 38 77 77.5 1458 1470.5 1 102 77.5 78 1470.5 1482.5 1 63 78 78.5 1482.5 1495 1 15 78.5 79 1495 1508 1 32 79 79.5 1508 1520 1 42 79.5 80 1520 1531.5 1 66 80 80.5 1531.5 1544 1 34 80.5 81 1544 1561 1 36 81 81.5 1561 1575 1 27 81.5 82 1575 1587 1 60 82 82.5 1587 1600 1 39 82.5 83 1600 1614 1 55 83 83.5 1614 1626 1 14 83.5 84 1626 1640.5 1 1 84 84.5 1640.5 1652.5 1 12 84.5 85 1652.5 1664 1 2 85 85.5 1664 1676 1 44 85.5 86 1676 1690 1 37 86 86.5 1690 1703.5 1 18 86.5 87 1703.5 1715 1 2 87 87.5 1715 1727 1 2 87.5 88 1727 1738 1 9 88 88.5 1738 1751 1 8 88.5 89 1751 1765 1 22 89 89.5 1765 1777 1 32 89.5 90 1777 1789.5 1 20 90 90.5 1789.5 1803 1 42 90.5 91 1803 1816 1 109 91 91.5 1816 1831 1 54 91.5 92 1831 1846 1 24 92 92.5 1846 1861 1 24 92.5 93 1861 1876 1 41 93 93.5 1876 1899 1 10 93.5 94 1899 1925 1 56 94 94.5 1925 1942 1 32 94.5 95 1942 1956 1 62 95 95.5 1956 1971 1 28 95.5 96 1971 1986 1 61 96 96.5 1986 2001 1 20 96.5 97 2001 2015 1 27 97 97.5 2015 2029 1 16 97.5 98 2029 2043 1 9 98 98.5 2043 2056 1 25 98.5 99 2056 2071 1 31 99 99.5 2071 2087 1 47 99.5 100 2087 2100.5 1 19 100 100.5 2100.5 2114 1 78 100.5 101 2114 2126.5 1 76 101 101.5 2126.5 2140.5 1 113 101.5 102 2140.5 2155.5 1 203 102 102.5 2155.5 2167 1 211 102.5 103 2167 2181.5 1 66 103 103.5 2181.5 2194 1 33 103.5 104 2194 2205 1 11 104 104.5 2205 2217 1 6 104.5 105 2217 2231 1 17 105 105.5 2231 2243 1 2 105.5 106 2243 2257 1 40 106 106.5 2257 2272 1 49 106.5 107 2272 2285 1 62 107 107.5 2285 2297.5 1 17 107.5 108 2297.5 2312 1 184 108 108.5 2312 2325 1 52 108.5 109 2325 2337 1 38 109 109.5 2337 2350.5 1 25 109.5 110 2350.5 2363.5 1 34 110 110.5 2363.5 2378 1 16 110.5 111 2378 2392 1 35 111 111.5 2392 2403.5 1 24 111.5 112 2403.5 2416.5 1 11 112 112.5 2416.5 2430.5 1 23 112.5 113 2430.5 2443 1 25 113 113.5 2443 2455 1 40 113.5 114 2455 2465 1 275 114 114.5 2465 2475.5 1 362 114.5 115 2475.5 2489.5 1 555 115 115.5 2489.5 2501 1 213 115.5 116 2501 2514 -999 -999 116 116.5 2514 2527 -999 -999 116.5 117 2527 2541.5 -999 -999 117 117.5 2541.5 2557 -999 -999 117.5 118 2557 2572 -999 -999 118 118.5 2572 2583 -999 -999 118.5 119 2583 2594.5 -999 -999 119 119.5 2594.5 2607 -999 -999 119.5 120 2607 2620 -999 -999 120 120.5 2620 2633 1 202 120.5 121 2633 2647 1 144 121 121.5 2647 2658.5 1 21 121.5 122 2658.5 2672 1 87 122 122.5 2672 2685 1 199 122.5 123 2685 2700 1 158 123 123.5 2700 2712 1 48 123.5 124 2712 2725 1 47 124 124.5 2725 2737 1 17 124.5 125 2737 2749 1 27 125 125.5 2749 2763 1 111 125.5 126 2763 2776.5 1 23 126 126.5 2776.5 2788 1 25 126.5 127 2788 2801.5 1 19 127 127.5 2801.5 2816 1 23 127.5 128 2816 2826 1 34 128 128.5 2826 2840.5 1 122 128.5 129 2840.5 2857 1 22 129 129.5 2857 2871 1 17 129.5 130 2871 2885 1 20 130 130.5 2885 2899 1 11