# Calder fire data from Summit Lake, Colorado - IMPD USSBW001 #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19371 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/ussbw001.txt # # Archive: Fire History # # Parameter_Keywords: charcoal sediments #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2015-09-16 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Calder fire data from Summit Lake, Colorado - IMPD USSBW001 #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Calder, John, W.; Stopka, Cody; Parker, Dusty; Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo; Shuman, Bryan, N. #--------------------------------------- # Description and Notes # Description: # Chronology and macroscopic charcoal counts (number of pieces >125 microns) from Summit Lake near the Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area, Colorado # Provided Keywords: fire climate, warming # Calder et al. includes datasets for twelve sites, including the one documented here. A list of all dataset site names and URLs follow: # Lake Eileen http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uselk001.txt # Gem Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usgem001.txt # Gold Creek Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usgcr001.txt # Hidden Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usphd001.txt # Hinman Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usphn001.txt # Middle Rainbow Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usprb001.txt # Round Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usprd001.txt # Seven Lakes http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uspsv001.txt # Summit Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/ussbw001.txt # Teal Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usptl001.txt # Tiago Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/ustig001.txt # Whale Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uspwl001.txt # # Contact person: Calder, John # Sample storage location: University of Wyoming # Sampling date: 8/19/2010 # Site size(ha): 1.9 # State/Province: Colorado # Water depth(cm): 585 # Sampling device: Modified Livingston with a polycarbonate tube # Analysis method: Macroscopic charcoal counts - see Calder et al. 2015 for details #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Calder, W. John; Stopka, Cody; Parker, Dusty; Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo; Shuman, Bryan # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015 # Published_Title: Medieval Warming initiated exceptionally large wildfire outbreaks in the Rock Mountains # Journal_Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences # Volume: # Issue: # Pages: # Report Number: # DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1500796112 # Abstract: Many of the largest wildfires in US history burned in recent decades, and climate change explains much of the increase in area burned. The frequency of extreme wildfire weather will increase with continued warming, but many uncertainties still exist about future fire regimes, including how the risk of large fires will persist as vegetation changes. Past fire-climate relationships provide an opportunity to constrain the related uncertainties, and reveal widespread burning across large regions of western North America during past warm intervals. Whether such episodes also burned large portions of individual landscapes has been difficult to determine, however, because uncertainties with the ages of past fires and limited spatial resolution often prohibit specific estimates of past area burned. Accounting for these challenges in a subalpine landscape in Colorado, we estimated century-scale fire synchroneity across 12 lakesediment charcoal records spanning the past 2,000 y. The percentage of sites burned only deviated from the historic range of variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) between 1,200 and 850 y B.P., when temperatures were similar to recent decades. Between 1,130 and 1,030 y B.P., 83% (median estimate) of our sites burned when temperatures increased ~0.5 degrees C relative to the preceding centuries. Lake-based fire rotation during the MCA decreased to an estimated 120 y, representing a 260% higher rate of burning than during the period of dendroecological sampling (360 to -60 y B.P.). Increased burning, however, did not persist throughout the MCA. Burning declined abruptly before temperatures cooled, indicating possible fuel limitations to continued burning. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant: BCS-0845129 #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Summit Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area # Location: Colorado # Country: United States of America # Northernmost_Latitude: 40.545 # Southernmost_Latitude: 40.545 # Easternmost_Longitude: -106.682 # Westernmost_Longitude: -106.682 # Elevation: 3149 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: USSBW001 CHAR # First_Year: 2891.5 # Last_Year: -60 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology: # Age model generated with the R package Bchron # Depth (cm) Lab Number Material Age (14C BP BP or 210Pb +/-1Sigma ) # 0 Sediment surface # 4-5 St. Croix W.R.S Bulk sediment (210Pb) -10.9+/-0.8 # 8-9 St. Croix W.R.S Bulk sediment (210Pb) 45.6+/-1.52 # 13-14 St. Croix W.R.S Bulk sediment (210Pb) 149.6+/-18.62 # 14-15 St. Croix W.R.S Bulk sediment (210Pb) 164.4+/-26.19 # 14-14.5 UCIAMS-90217 Charcoal 320+/-20 # 15.5-17.5 UCIAMS-106155 Charcoal 300+/-35 # 36-36.5 WHOI-86680 Charcoal 1170+/-25 # 60-60.5 UCIAMS-106156 Charcoal 2085+/-15 # 88-89 WHOI-86681 Charcoal 2980+/-30 # 106-107 WHOI-86679 Charcoal and wood 3730+/-35 # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## depth-cm-top depth,,,cm,,,top depth,,N ## depth-cm-bottom depth,,,cm,,,bottom depth,,N ## age-calBP-top age,,,calendar years BP,,Fire History,top of sample,,N ## age-calBP-bottom age,,,calendar years BP,,Fire History,top of sample,,N ## vol-wetsed volume,wet sediment,,ml,,Fire History,used for charcoal counts,,N ## char>125um charcoal,,,counts,,Fire History,>125 um,,N #------------------------ # Data # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Value: n/a depth-cm-top depth-cm-bottom age-calBP-top age-calBP-bottom vol-wetsed char>125um 0 0.5 -60 -53 1 5 0.5 1 -53 -47 1 9 1 1.5 -47 -42 1 18 1.5 2 -42 -36 1 4 2 2.5 -36 -30 1 4 2.5 3 -30 -24 1 3 3 3.5 -24 -18 1 10 3.5 4 -18 -12 1 16 4 4.5 -12 -5 1 13 4.5 5 -5 3 1 23 5 5.5 3 10 1 12 5.5 6 10 17 1 9 6 6.5 17 24 1 12 6.5 7 24 31 1 10 7 7.5 31 38 1 9 7.5 8 38 45 1 7 8 8.5 45 55 1 7 8.5 9 55 65 1 16 9 9.5 65 75 1 2 9.5 10 75 84 1 6 10 10.5 84 93 1 4 10.5 11 93 103 1 5 11 11.5 103 112 1 5 11.5 12 112 121 1 10 12 12.5 121 131 1 12 12.5 13 131 146 1 20 13 13.5 146 168 1 19 13.5 14 168 231 1 33 14 14.5 231 330.5 1 34 14.5 15 330.5 360 1 38 15 15.5 360 384 1 42 15.5 16 384 408 1 26 16 16.5 408 431 1 47 16.5 17 431 449 1 38 17 17.5 449 465 1 17 17.5 18 465 482.5 1 11 18 18.5 482.5 498 1 18 18.5 19 498 513 1 26 19 19.5 513 530 1 15 19.5 20 530 546 1 16 20 20.5 546 564 1 17 20.5 21 564 580.5 1 11 21 21.5 580.5 596 1 15 21.5 22 596 613 1 7 22 22.5 613 630 1 18 22.5 23 630 646 1 28 23 23.5 646 665 1 9 23.5 24 665 681.5 1 1 24 24.5 681.5 698.5 1 18 24.5 25 698.5 715.5 1 13 25 25.5 715.5 731.5 1 6 25.5 26 731.5 750 1 24 26 26.5 750 768 1 8 26.5 27 768 784 1 13 27 27.5 784 801 1 17 27.5 28 801 818 1 17 28 28.5 818 837 1 18 28.5 29 837 852 1 16 29 29.5 852 869 1 21 29.5 30 869 885 1 26 30 30.5 885 901 1 35 30.5 31 901 916 1 15 31 31.5 916 936 1 20 31.5 32 936 953 1 39 32 32.5 953 968 1 27 32.5 33 968 988 1 58 33 33.5 988 1005 1 36 33.5 34 1005 1023 1 39 34 34.5 1023 1040 1 12 34.5 35 1040 1057 1 37 35 35.5 1057 1074 1 33 35.5 36 1074 1108 1 16 36 36.5 1108 1142 1 16 36.5 37 1142 1162 1 22 37 37.5 1162 1181 1 20 37.5 38 1181 1200 1 21 38 38.5 1200 1219.5 1 9 38.5 39 1219.5 1235.5 1 19 39 39.5 1235.5 1254 1 16 39.5 40 1254 1272 1 19 40 40.5 1272 1291 1 33 40.5 41 1291 1310 1 12 41 41.5 1310 1326 1 14 41.5 42 1326 1345 1 11 42 42.5 1345 1364 1 6 42.5 43 1364 1384 1 15 43 43.5 1384 1402 1 8 43.5 44 1402 1421 1 8 44 44.5 1421 1441 1 21 44.5 45 1441 1463 1 10 45 45.5 1463 1481 1 27 45.5 46 1481 1500 1 35 46 46.5 1500 1518.5 1 10 46.5 47 1518.5 1539 1 3 47 47.5 1539 1557 1 21 47.5 48 1557 1579 1 17 48 48.5 1579 1598 1 26 48.5 49 1598 1616 1 36 49 49.5 1616 1632.5 1 25 49.5 50 1632.5 1654 1 13 50 50.5 1654 1673 1 25 50.5 51 1673 1692.5 1 35 51 51.5 1692.5 1711 1 34 51.5 52 1711 1731 1 31 52 52.5 1731 1748 1 30 52.5 53 1748 1768 1 23 53 53.5 1768 1786.5 1 59 53.5 54 1786.5 1806 1 46 54 54.5 1806 1825 1 20 54.5 55 1825 1844 1 22 55 55.5 1844 1863 1 25 55.5 56 1863 1882 1 15 56 56.5 1882 1900 1 16 56.5 57 1900 1921 1 33 57 57.5 1921 1940 1 9 57.5 58 1940 1960 1 11 58 58.5 1960 1979 1 10 58.5 59 1979 1997 1 32 59 59.5 1997 2017 1 12 59.5 60 2017 2049 1 21 60 60.5 2049 2085 1 17 60.5 61 2085 2108 1 24 61 61.5 2108 2127 1 8 61.5 62 2127 2144.5 1 23 62 62.5 2144.5 2163 1 11 62.5 63 2163 2181 1 17 63 63.5 2181 2201 1 26 63.5 64 2201 2219 1 19 64 64.5 2219 2239 1 28 64.5 65 2239 2257 1 6 65 65.5 2257 2278 1 14 65.5 66 2278 2296 1 27 66 66.5 2296 2314.5 1 11 66.5 67 2314.5 2336 1 16 67 67.5 2336 2355 1 11 67.5 68 2355 2374 1 14 68 68.5 2374 2391 1 32 68.5 69 2391 2412 1 23 69 69.5 2412 2433 1 18 69.5 70 2433 2450 1 21 70 70.5 2450 2471 1 13 70.5 71 2471 2489 1 11 71 71.5 2489 2508 1 7 71.5 72 2508 2526.5 1 19 72 72.5 2526.5 2545 1 19 72.5 73 2545 2564.5 1 9 73 73.5 2564.5 2583 1 16 73.5 74 2583 2602 1 7 74 74.5 2602 2623 1 17 74.5 75 2623 2644 1 11 75 75.5 2644 2662 1 9 75.5 76 2662 2679 1 9 76 76.5 2679 2697 1 10 76.5 77 2697 2715 1 10 77 77.5 2715 2734 1 14 77.5 78 2734 2752 1 10 78 78.5 2752 2772 1 18 78.5 79 2772 2794 1 13 79 79.5 2794 2811 1 14 79.5 80 2811 2832 1 15 80 80.5 2832 2852 1 12 80.5 81 2852 2871 1 10 81 81.5 2871 2891.5 1 17