# Calder fire data from Middle Rainbow Lake, Colorado - IMPD USPRB001 #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19365 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usprb001.txt # Archive: Fire History # # Parameter_Keywords: charcoal sediments #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2015-09-16 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Calder fire data from Middle Rainbow Lake, Colorado - IMPD USPRB001 #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Calder, John, W.; Stopka, Cody; Parker, Dusty; Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo; Shuman, Bryan, N. #--------------------------------------- # Description and Notes # Description: Chronology and macroscopic charcoal counts (number of pieces >125 microns) from Middle Rainbow Lake in the Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area, Colorado # Provided Keywords: fire climate, warming # Calder et al. includes datasets for twelve sites, including the one documented here. A list of all dataset site names and URLs follow: # Lake Eileen http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uselk001.txt # Gem Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usgem001.txt # Gold Creek Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usgcr001.txt # Hidden Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usphd001.txt # Hinman Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usphn001.txt # Middle Rainbow Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usprb001.txt # Round Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usprd001.txt # Seven Lakes http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uspsv001.txt # Summit Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/ussbw001.txt # Teal Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usptl001.txt # Tiago Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/ustig001.txt # Whale Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uspwl001.txt # # Contact person: Calder, John # Sample storage location: University of Wyoming # Sampling date: 9/27/2012 # Site size(ha): 2.8 # State/Province: Colorado # Water depth(cm): 580 # Sampling device: Modified Livingston with a polycarbonate tube # Analysis method: Macroscopic charcoal counts - see Calder et al. 2015 for details #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Calder, W. John; Stopka, Cody; Parker, Dusty; Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo; Shuman, Bryan # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015 # Published_Title: Medieval Warming initiated exceptionally large wildfire outbreaks in the Rock Mountains # Journal_Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences # Volume: # Issue: # Pages: # Report Number: # DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1500796112 # Abstract: Many of the largest wildfires in US history burned in recent decades, and climate change explains much of the increase in area burned. The frequency of extreme wildfire weather will increase with continued warming, but many uncertainties still exist about future fire regimes, including how the risk of large fires will persist as vegetation changes. Past fire-climate relationships provide an opportunity to constrain the related uncertainties, and reveal widespread burning across large regions of western North America during past warm intervals. Whether such episodes also burned large portions of individual landscapes has been difficult to determine, however, because uncertainties with the ages of past fires and limited spatial resolution often prohibit specific estimates of past area burned. Accounting for these challenges in a subalpine landscape in Colorado, we estimated century-scale fire synchroneity across 12 lakesediment charcoal records spanning the past 2,000 y. The percentage of sites burned only deviated from the historic range of variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) between 1,200 and 850 y B.P., when temperatures were similar to recent decades. Between 1,130 and 1,030 y B.P., 83% (median estimate) of our sites burned when temperatures increased ~0.5 degrees C relative to the preceding centuries. Lake-based fire rotation during the MCA decreased to an estimated 120 y, representing a 260% higher rate of burning than during the period of dendroecological sampling (360 to -60 y B.P.). Increased burning, however, did not persist throughout the MCA. Burning declined abruptly before temperatures cooled, indicating possible fuel limitations to continued burning. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant: BCS-0845129 #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Middle Rainbow Lake # Location: Colorado # Country: United States of America # Northernmost_Latitude: 40.648 # Southernmost_Latitude: 40.648 # Easternmost_Longitude: -106.624 # Westernmost_Longitude: -106.624 # Elevation: 3001 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: USPRB001 CHAR # First_Year: 2229 # Last_Year: -61 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology: # # Depth (cm) Lab Number Material Age (14C BP +/-1Sigma ) # 9 Sediment surface # 60-61 UCIAMS-119939 Charcoal 1130+/-20 # 81-82 UCIAMS-119942 Wood and charcaol 1415+/-20 # 97-99 UCIAMS-102566 Charcoal 2255+/-50 # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## depth-cm-top depth,,,cm,,,top depth,,N ## depth-cm-bottom depth,,,cm,,,bottom depth,,N ## age-calBP-top age,,,calendar years BP,,Fire History,top of sample,,N ## age-calBP-bottom age,,,calendar years BP,,Fire History,top of sample,,N ## vol-wetsed volume,wet sediment,,ml,,Fire History,used for charcoal counts,,N ## char>125um charcoal,,,counts,,Fire History,>125 um,,N #------------------------ # Data # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Value: n/a depth-cm-top depth-cm-bottom age-calBP-top age-calBP-bottom vol-wetsed char>125um 9 10 -61 -40 1 12 10 11 -40 -19 1 11 11 12 -19 3 1 8 12 13 3 24 1 12 13 14 24 45 1 9 14 15 45 66 1 10 15 16 66 87 1 8 16 17 87 108 1 8 17 18 108 129 1 14 18 19 129 150 1 12 19 20 150 171 1 16 20 21 171 192 1 11 21 22 192 213 1 8 22 23 213 234 1 8 23 24 234 255 1 5 24 25 255 277 1 9 25 26 277 298 1 11 26 27 298 318 1 12 27 28 318 340 1 10 28 29 340 361 1 10 29 30 361 382 1 10 30 31 382 403 1 8 31 32 403 424 1 12 32 33 424 445 1 12 33 34 445 466 1 12 34 35 466 487 1 8 35 36 487 508 1 10 36 37 508 529 1 12 37 38 529 550 1 11 38 39 550 571 1 13 39 40 571 592 1 21 40 41 592 613 1 20 41 42 613 634 1 12 42 43 634 654 1 14 43 44 654 675 1 18 44 45 675 695 1 21 45 46 695 716 1 18 46 47 716 737 1 12 47 48 737 758 1 23 48 49 758 778 1 8 49 50 778 799 1 22 50 51 799 819 1 21 51 52 819 840 1 16 52 53 840 861 1 12 53 54 861 882 1 20 54 55 882 902 1 16 55 56 902 923 1 9 56 57 923 944 1 16 57 58 944 965 1 17 58 59 965 986 1 11 59 60 986 1012 1 19 60 61 1012 1033 1 28 61 62 1033 1048 1 28 62 63 1048 1063 1 18 63 64 1063 1076 1 19 64 65 1076 1090 1 26 65 66 1090 1104 1 16 66 67 1104 1118 1 22 67 68 1118 1132 1 17 68 69 1132 1146 1 12 69 70 1146 1160 1 13 70 71 1160 1174 1 13 71 72 1174 1188 1 22 72 73 1188 1202 1 22 73 74 1202 1216 1 20 74 75 1216 1230.5 1 13 75 76 1230.5 1245 1 15 76 77 1245 1259 1 11 77 78 1259 1273 1 8 78 79 1273 1287 1 16 79 80 1287 1300 1 20 80 81 1300 1321 1 13 81 82 1321 1375 1 7 82 83 1375 1433 1 11 83 84 1433 1490 1 15 84 85 1490 1547 1 11 85 86 1547 1604 1 9 86 87 1604 1661 1 17 87 88 1661 1718 1 22 88 89 1718 1774 1 18 89 90 1774 1831 1 19 90 91 1831 1887 1 17 91 92 1887 1945 1 19 92 93 1945 2001 1 20 93 94 2001 2056 1 34 94 95 2056 2111 1 18 95 96 2111 2167 1 13 96 97 2167 2229 1 10