# Calder fire data from Gold Creek Lake, Colorado - IMPD USGCR001 #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/19361 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usgcr001.txt # Archive: Fire History # # Parameter_Keywords: charcoal sediment #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2015-09-16 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Calder fire data from Gold Creek Lake, Colorado - IMPD USGCR001 #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Calder, John, W.; Stopka, Cody; Parker, Dusty; Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo; Shuman, Bryan, N. #--------------------------------------- # Description and Notes # Description: # Chronology and macroscopic charcoal counts (number of pieces >125 microns) from Gold Creek Lake in the Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area, Colorado # Provided Keywords: fire climate, warming # Calder et al. includes datasets for twelve sites, including the one documented here. A list of all dataset site names and URLs follow: # Lake Eileen http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uselk001.txt # Gem Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usgem001.txt # Gold Creek Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usgcr001.txt # Hidden Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usphd001.txt # Hinman Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usphn001.txt # Middle Rainbow Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usprb001.txt # Round Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usprd001.txt # Seven Lakes http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uspsv001.txt # Summit Lake near Mount Zirkel Wilderness Area http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/ussbw001.txt # Teal Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/usptl001.txt # Tiago Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/ustig001.txt # Whale Lake http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/firehistory/charcoal/northamerica/uspwl001.txt # # Contact person: Calder, John # Sample storage location: University of Wyoming # Sampling date: 7/9/2012 # Site size(ha): 3.8 # State/Province: Colorado # Water depth(cm): 1060 # Sampling device: Modified Livingston with a polycarbonate tube # Analysis method: Macroscopic charcoal counts - see Calder et al. 2015 for details #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Calder, W. John; Stopka, Cody; Parker, Dusty; Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo; Shuman, Bryan # Published_Date_or_Year: 2015 # Published_Title: Medieval Warming initiated exceptionally large wildfire outbreaks in the Rock Mountains # Journal_Name: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences # Volume: # Issue: # Pages: # Report Number: # DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1500796112 # Abstract: Many of the largest wildfires in US history burned in recent decades, and climate change explains much of the increase in area burned. The frequency of extreme wildfire weather will increase with continued warming, but many uncertainties still exist about future fire regimes, including how the risk of large fires will persist as vegetation changes. Past fire-climate relationships provide an opportunity to constrain the related uncertainties, and reveal widespread burning across large regions of western North America during past warm intervals. Whether such episodes also burned large portions of individual landscapes has been difficult to determine, however, because uncertainties with the ages of past fires and limited spatial resolution often prohibit specific estimates of past area burned. Accounting for these challenges in a subalpine landscape in Colorado, we estimated century-scale fire synchroneity across 12 lakesediment charcoal records spanning the past 2,000 y. The percentage of sites burned only deviated from the historic range of variability during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA) between 1,200 and 850 y B.P., when temperatures were similar to recent decades. Between 1,130 and 1,030 y B.P., 83% (median estimate) of our sites burned when temperatures increased ~0.5 degrees C relative to the preceding centuries. Lake-based fire rotation during the MCA decreased to an estimated 120 y, representing a 260% higher rate of burning than during the period of dendroecological sampling (360 to -60 y B.P.). Increased burning, however, did not persist throughout the MCA. Burning declined abruptly before temperatures cooled, indicating possible fuel limitations to continued burning. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant: BCS-0845129 #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: Gold Creek Lake # Location: Colorado # Country: United States of America # Northernmost_Latitude: 40.781 # Southernmost_Latitude: 40.781 # Easternmost_Longitude: -106.678 # Westernmost_Longitude: -106.678 # Elevation: 2917 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: USGCR001 CHAR # First_Year: 2073 # Last_Year: -62 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology: # Age model generated with the R package Bchron # Depth (cm) Lab Number Material Age (14C BP or 210Pb age +/-1Sigma ) # 19 Sediment surface # 22.5-23.5 St. Croix W.R.S Bulk sediment (210Pb) -26+/-0.77 # 26.5-27.5 St. Croix W.R.S Bulk sediment (210Pb) 11.7+/-1.31 # 31.5-32.5 St. Croix W.R.S Bulk sediment (210Pb) 71.4+/-6.61 # 33.5-34.5 St. Croix W.R.S Bulk sediment (210Pb) 103.2+/-16.97 # 56-57 UCIAMS-119933 Wood and spruce seed 460+/-20 # 90-91 UCIAMS-119932 Wood and charcoal 2875+/-20 # 96-97 UCIAMS-121916 Picea seed and charcoal 1540+/-20 # 111-112 UCIAMS-138633 Charcoal and needle 2605+/-25 # 145-146 UCIAMS-115859 Charcoal 2070+/-60 # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## depth-cm-top depth,,,cm,,,top depth,,N ## depth-cm-bottom depth,,,cm,,,bottom depth,,N ## age-calBP-top age,,,calendar years BP,,Fire History,top of sample,,N ## age-calBP-bottom age,,,calendar years BP,,Fire History,top of sample,,N ## vol-wetsed volume,wet sediment,,ml,,Fire History,used for charcoal counts,,N ## char>125um charcoal,,,counts,,Fire History,>125 um,,N #------------------------ # Data # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Value: n/a depth-cm-top depth-cm-bottom age-calBP-top age-calBP-bottom vol-wetsed char>125um 19 20 -62 -51 1 10 20 21 -51 -42 1 11 21 22 -42 -32 1 4 22 23 -32 -22 1 6 23 24 -22 -12 1 4 24 25 -12 -3 1 2 25 26 -3 6 1 14 26 27 6 17 1 23 27 28 17 29 1 30 28 29 29 40 1 22 29 30 40 51 1 6 30 31 51 63 1 11 31 32 63 79 1 2 32 33 79 97 1 3 33 34 97 121 1 6 34 35 121 140 1 4 35 36 140 158 1 5 36 37 158 175 1 13 37 38 175 193 1 3 38 39 193 210 1 35 39 40 210 229 1 10 40 41 229 246 1 4 41 42 246 262 1 11 42 43 262 278.5 1 22 43 44 278.5 296 1 4 44 45 296 314 1 13 45 46 314 331 1 14 46 47 331 348 1 14 47 48 348 365 1 6 48 49 365 383 1 3 49 50 383 400 1 2 50 51 400 417 1 5 51 52 417 435 1 7 52 53 435 452 1 5 53 54 452 471 1 7 54 55 471 491 1 4 55 56 491 513 1 10 56 57 513 539 1 6 57 58 539 563 1 6 58 59 563 586 1 4 59 60 586 607 1 5 60 61 607 630 1 2 61 62 630 653 1 3 62 63 653 674 1 9 63 64 674 695 1 5 64 65 695 717 1 10 65 66 717 740 1 11 66 67 740 759 1 9 67 68 759 783 1 3 68 69 783 804 1 4 69 70 804 826 1 6 70 71 826 850 1 3 71 72 850 872 1 7 72 73 872 892 1 1 73 74 892 914 1 10 74 75 914 933 1 12 75 76 933 953 1 10 76 77 953 976 1 26 77 78 976 996 1 10 78 79 996 1016 1 8 79 80 1016 1037 1 8 80 81 1037 1058 1 7 81 82 1058 1081 1 11 82 83 1081 1101 1 20 83 84 1101 1123 1 4 84 85 1123 1144 1 7 85 86 1144 1165 1 4 86 87 1165 1188 1 4 87 88 1188 1210.5 1 4 88 89 1210.5 1235 1 7 89 90 1235 1274 1 11 90 91 1274 1309 1 6 91 92 1309 1332 1 20 92 93 1332 1352 1 16 93 94 1352 1371 1 13 94 95 1371 1390 1 12 95 96 1390 1413 1 9 96 97 1413 1441 1 34 97 98 1441 1461 1 11 98 99 1461 1477 1 11 99 100 1477 1490 1 11 100 101 1490 1503 1 10 101 102 1503 1516 1 8 102 103 1516 1531 1 5 103 104 1531 1545 1 4 104 105 1545 1557 1 3 105 106 1557 1569 1 2 106 107 1569 1583 1 7 107 108 1583 1598 1 8 108 109 1598 1610 1 12 109 110 1610 1626 1 6 110 111 1626 1650 1 11 111 112 1650 1673.5 1 28 112 113 1673.5 1688 1 5 113 114 1688 1702.5 1 3 114 115 1702.5 1715 1 3 115 116 1715 1728 1 9 116 117 1728 1740 1 9 117 118 1740 1751 1 12 118 119 1751 1763 1 4 119 120 1763 1774 1 9 120 121 1774 1785.5 1 7 121 122 1785.5 1797 1 4 122 123 1797 1808 1 8 123 124 1808 1819 1 2 124 125 1819 1829 1 10 125 126 1829 1842 1 12 126 127 1842 1855 1 24 127 128 1855 1866 1 5 128 129 1866 1877 1 3 129 130 1877 1888 1 4 130 131 1888 1900 1 6 131 132 1900 1911 1 10 132 133 1911 1923 1 4 133 134 1923 1934 1 5 134 135 1934 1945 1 11 135 136 1945 1956 1 19 136 137 1956 1967 1 15 137 138 1967 1977 1 7 138 139 1977 1987 1 16 139 140 1987 2000 1 15 140 141 2000 2011.5 1 19 141 142 2011.5 2024 1 13 142 143 2024 2035 1 11 143 144 2035 2049 1 13 144 145 2049 2073 1 23