Amédée Coral Elemental Ratios and Isotope Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Amédée Coral Elemental Ratios and Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 10/2003 (Original Receipt by WDCA Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Terrence Quinn, University of South Florida IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2003-073 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Quinn, T. M., and D.S. Sampson, 2003, Amédée Coral Elemental Ratios and Isotope Data, IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series #2003-073. NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Quinn, T. M., and D.S. Sampson, 2002, A Multi-Proxy Approach to Reconstructing Sea-Surface Conditions using Coral Skeleton Geochemistry. Paleoceanography, 17, 4, 1062, doi:10.1029/2000PA000528 GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Western tropical Pacific PERIOD OF RECORD: 1968-1992 AD DESCRIPTION: Evaluation of elemental ratios and oxygen isotope data from Porites lutea coral at Amédée Island, New Caledonia (22°29S, 166°28E) as proxies for sea surface conditions. Calibration of 25 year series of measured local and modeled regional SST and SSS values against coral geochemical proxies. ABSTRACT: We use elemental ratio (Mg/Ca, Sr/Ca, U/Ca and Ba/Ca) and oxygen isotope data from a Porites lutea coral head collected from offshore Amédée Island, New Caledonia (22°29S, 166°28E) to assess the degree to which changes in these geochemical variables reflect variations in sea surface conditions. We have assessed the robustness of each geochemical proxy by comparing 25 years (1992–1968) of monthly geochemical variations with a local record of sea surface temperature (SST) and with the appropriate 1° by 1° grid box from a global gridded SST data set. We conclude from our comparison that the most consistent proxies of monthly SST variations at this site are d18O (r2 = -0.84; p = <.0001) and Sr/Ca (r2 = -0.84; p = <.0001). The fidelity of the coral-based Sr/Ca-SST proxy was assessed via calibration- verification exercises at New Caledonia and Rarotonga. The “paleoclimate” accuracy of the coral Sr/Ca-SST technique is judged to be robust, and the precision of the technique is estimated to be ~0.3° ± 0.5 (2) based on the calibration-verification exercise. In contrast, monthly variations in Mg/Ca and U/Ca ratios are only moderately correlated with monthly SST variations (r2 = 0.55; p = <.0001 for Mg/Ca and r2 = 0.47; p = <.0001). The strength of the correlation between SST and Mg/Ca and U/Ca varies as a function of time, suggesting that variations in these ratios are not a simple function of SST variations. This variability in goodness of fit between U/Ca-SST and Mg/Ca-SST may ultimately limit the use of these ratios as coral paleothermometers. Averaging or stacking individual proxy SST records (Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca and U/Ca) to generate a composite proxy SST record does not necessarily improve the proxy record if the signal-to-noise ratio in each proxy is highly variable. For example, stacking of Sr/Ca-Mg/Ca-U/Ca records at New Caledonia produces a proxy SST time series that has greater standard error than the individual Sr/Ca-SST time series (cf. ordinary least squares standard error of 1.16°C versus 0.86°C). Ba/Ca variations have little correlation with SST, Sr/Ca, Mg/Ca, or U/Ca variations at New Caledonia. In conclusion, variations in oxygen isotopic composition of seawater, calculated by removing the Sr/Ca-based temperature component of the d18O signal, agree reasonably well with observed variations in sea surface salinity, especially at the interannual timescale. DATA: Amédée Coral Elemental Ratios and Oxygen Isotope Data Date in Calendar Years d18O and d13C per mill Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca in mmol/mol U/Ca and Ba/Ca in mmmol/mol * Mg/Ca and U/Ca values marked with * are suspected to be contaminated and were not used in any plots. Date d18O d13C Sr/Ca Mg/Ca U/Ca Ba/Ca 1992.62 -4.26 -2.10 8.954 5.586* 0.918* 5.287 1992.54 -4.23 -1.88 8.938 5.480* 0.937* 5.263 1992.46 -4.32 -1.71 8.945 5.427* 0.939* 4.919 1992.37 -4.50 -1.70 8.949 5.450* 0.929* 4.321 1992.29 -4.63 -1.53 8.888 5.501* 0.908* 4.205 1992.21 -4.71 -1.36 8.778 5.561* 0.885* 4.480 1992.12 -4.77 -1.40 8.755 5.663* 0.899* 4.759 1992.04 -4.69 -1.36 8.838 5.813* 0.967* 5.041 1991.96 -4.56 -1.38 8.930 5.961* 1.032* 5.322 1991.87 -4.43 -1.40 8.968 6.091* 1.073* 5.338 1991.79 -4.25 -1.32 8.994 6.186* 1.118* 5.053 1991.71 -4.16 -1.49 8.976 6.262* 1.171* 4.768 1991.62 -4.15 -1.51 8.983 6.245* 1.188 4.651 1991.54 -4.17 -1.50 8.988 6.142* 1.190 4.551 1991.46 -4.24 -1.52 8.949 6.101* 1.175 4.346 1991.37 -4.31 -1.50 8.927 6.134* 1.146 4.386 1991.29 -4.43 -1.23 8.897 6.255* 1.110 4.299 1991.21 -4.66 -1.07 8.807 6.223* 1.084 4.077 1991.12 -4.70 -1.26 8.754 5.999* 1.076 4.057 1991.04 -4.63 -1.48 8.782 5.832* 1.104 4.148 1990.96 -4.56 -1.47 8.831 5.733* 1.137 4.322 1990.87 -4.48 -1.45 8.914 5.626* 1.162 4.373 1990.79 -4.28 -1.60 8.988 5.585* 1.181 4.099 1990.71 -4.15 -1.66 9.011 5.581* 1.196 4.362 1990.62 -4.22 -1.76 9.012 5.590* 1.186 4.670 1990.54 -4.28 -1.76 8.994 5.566* 1.177 4.256 1990.46 -4.34 -1.73 8.918 5.509* 1.182 4.565 1990.37 -4.49 -1.68 8.886 5.434* 1.142 4.362 1990.29 -4.67 -1.41 8.763 5.310* 1.125 4.215 1990.21 -4.81 -1.33 8.721 5.319* 1.060 4.380 1990.12 -4.89 -1.29 8.667 5.535 1.009 4.467 1990.04 -4.76 -1.20 8.731 5.506 1.031 4.251 1989.96 -4.71 -1.29 8.815 5.089 1.088 4.201 1989.87 -4.61 -1.31 8.882 4.866 1.148 4.367 1989.79 -4.53 -1.30 8.949 4.803 1.196 4.626 1989.71 -4.27 -1.36 8.986 4.762 1.237 5.006 1989.62 -4.17 -1.38 9.001 4.750 1.266 5.560 1989.54 -4.31 -1.43 8.926 4.882 1.268 5.733 1989.46 -4.48 -1.49 8.934 5.109 1.251 4.599 1989.37 -4.58 -1.63 8.884 5.195 1.217 4.612 1989.29 -4.65 -1.73 8.816 5.263 1.189 4.601 1989.21 -4.66 -1.55 8.740 5.121 1.157 4.889 1989.12 -4.72 -1.44 8.704 5.086 1.113 4.852 1989.04 -4.71 -1.98 8.720 5.191 1.060 4.265 1988.96 -4.63 -2.29 8.794 5.222 1.070 6.080 1988.87 -4.45 -1.94 8.855 5.151 1.124 6.891 1988.79 -4.25 -1.51 8.959 5.044 1.182 4.664 1988.71 -4.21 -1.40 9.012 4.965 1.225 4.630 1988.62 -4.19 -1.36 9.027 5.001 1.247 4.891 1988.54 -4.20 -1.41 9.020 5.071 1.248 4.823 1988.46 -4.22 -1.47 8.901 5.091 1.229 4.754 1988.37 -4.30 -1.52 8.790 5.107 1.200 4.685 1988.29 -4.40 -1.54 8.786 5.121 1.176 4.990 1988.21 -4.48 -1.44 8.797 5.158 1.143 4.771 1988.12 -4.49 -1.47 8.773 5.206 1.107 4.022 1988.04 -4.49 -1.46 8.758 5.132 1.129 4.136 1987.96 -4.48 -1.12 8.837 4.972 1.203 4.395 1987.87 -4.34 -0.97 8.925 4.901 1.253 4.501 1987.79 -4.18 -0.99 9.005 4.803 1.272 4.381 1987.71 -4.04 -1.03 9.033 4.838 1.284 4.360 1987.62 -3.99 -1.07 9.041 4.977 1.244 4.356 1987.54 -4.14 -1.44 8.980 4.892 1.223 4.361 1987.46 -4.21 -1.24 8.904 4.919 1.158 4.458 1987.37 -4.28 -0.99 8.836 5.118 1.135 4.567 1987.29 -4.46 -1.04 8.779 5.332 1.118 4.616 1987.21 -4.63 -1.14 8.806 5.363 1.085 4.535 1987.12 -4.63 -1.22 8.807 5.433 1.076 4.275 1987.04 -4.58 -1.28 8.778 5.456 1.111 4.135 1986.96 -4.45 -1.20 8.846 5.339 1.149 4.404 1986.87 -4.42 -1.17 8.931 5.078 1.182 4.979 1986.79 -4.30 -1.12 9.014 4.884 1.213 4.451 1986.71 -3.99 -1.08 9.042 4.770 1.233 4.237 1986.62 -4.05 -1.08 9.056 4.720 1.237 4.432 1986.54 -4.21 -1.27 9.033 4.768 1.224 4.753 1986.46 -4.26 -1.37 8.962 4.837 1.220 4.647 1986.37 -4.45 -1.33 8.924 4.841 1.220 4.439 1986.29 -4.71 -1.43 8.828 4.979 1.205 4.390 1986.21 -4.77 -1.52 8.817 5.129 1.171 4.327 1986.12 -4.77 -1.58 8.779 5.239 1.148 4.281 1986.04 -4.69 -1.53 8.808 5.217 1.179 4.396 1985.96 -4.75 -1.55 8.849 5.123 1.209 4.472 1985.87 -4.46 -1.33 8.892 4.945 1.210 4.428 1985.79 -4.17 -1.11 8.961 4.961 1.211 4.976 1985.71 -3.87 -1.16 8.987 4.969 1.226 4.928 1985.62 -3.91 -1.17 9.003 4.754 1.235 4.247 1985.54 -4.05 -1.55 8.984 4.833 1.212 4.532 1985.46 -4.35 -1.37 8.845 5.047 1.157 9.162 1985.37 -4.53 -1.26 8.827 5.160 1.084 1985.29 -4.64 -1.21 8.767 5.229 1.067 6.351 1985.21 -4.50 -1.33 8.738 5.303 1.063 4.548 1985.12 -4.68 -1.29 8.733 5.267 1.066 4.715 1985.04 -4.73 -1.26 8.759 5.240 1.105 4.717 1984.96 -4.71 -1.08 8.835 5.354 1.139 5.274 1984.87 -4.43 -1.14 8.904 5.290 1.145 5.059 1984.79 -4.14 -1.18 8.968 5.181 1.170 4.709 1984.71 -4.05 -1.17 8.994 5.020 1.214 4.782 1984.62 -3.93 -1.11 9.049 4.865 1.246 4.726 1984.54 -3.97 -1.11 8.971 4.909 1.238 4.934 1984.46 -4.26 -1.25 8.901 5.220 1.206 4.954 1984.37 -4.48 -1.39 8.840 5.418 1.182 4.487 1984.29 -4.58 -1.46 8.762 5.392 1.126 4.654 1984.21 -4.64 -1.48 8.769 5.450 1.120 4.350 1984.12 -4.63 -1.36 8.818 5.360 1.139 4.341 1984.04 -4.61 -1.22 8.811 5.213 1.177 5.380 1983.96 -4.59 -1.24 8.860 5.031 1.202 5.306 1983.87 -4.44 -1.33 8.900 4.880 1.219 5.039 1983.79 -4.38 -1.26 8.955 4.770 1.243 4.784 1983.71 -4.19 -0.89 9.009 4.709 1.271 4.451 1983.62 -4.03 -0.78 9.047 4.695 1.273 4.486 1983.54 -4.18 -0.91 8.992 4.878 1.229 4.731 1983.46 -4.33 -1.03 8.849 5.152 1.187 4.533 1983.37 -4.54 -1.46 8.795 5.282 1.160 4.390 1983.29 -4.81 -1.44 8.779 5.350 1.145 4.050 1983.21 -4.79 -1.19 8.810 5.451 1.119 3.969 1983.12 -4.79 -1.24 8.767 5.470 1.110 4.062 1983.04 -4.77 -1.27 8.726 5.202 1.175 4.393 1982.96 -4.72 -1.34 8.853 4.922 1.284 4.442 1982.87 -4.51 -1.15 8.929 4.749 1.358 4.282 1982.79 -4.25 -0.92 8.997 4.534 1.379 4.273 1982.71 -3.96 -0.81 9.035 4.294 1.390 4.275 1982.62 -3.97 -0.87 9.018 4.337 1.435 4.279 1982.54 -4.07 -1.00 9.012 4.488 1.406 4.388 1982.46 -4.30 -1.28 8.932 4.679 1.362 4.406 1982.37 -4.42 -1.24 8.869 4.901 1.325 4.421 1982.29 -4.54 -1.16 8.814 5.071 1.304 4.386 1982.21 -4.76 -1.24 8.763 5.142 1.272 4.257 1982.12 -4.80 -1.32 8.724 5.203 1.238 4.195 1982.04 -4.71 -1.13 8.705 5.254 1.215 4.169 1981.96 -4.60 -1.29 8.804 5.112 1.224 4.168 1981.87 -4.33 -1.24 8.912 5.035 1.256 4.300 1981.79 -4.10 -1.21 8.985 5.067 1.305 4.519 1981.71 -4.02 -1.19 9.036 4.942 1.346 4.682 1981.62 -4.04 -1.26 9.002 4.799 1.407 4.602 1981.54 -4.10 -1.28 8.979 4.711 1.333 5.013 1981.46 -4.41 -1.08 8.947 4.848 1.185 4.871 1981.37 -4.57 -1.14 8.842 5.113 1.125 4.329 1981.29 -4.77 -1.27 8.713 5.190 1.147 4.499 1981.21 -4.81 -1.12 8.639 5.365 1.110 4.765 1981.12 -4.82 -1.08 8.640 5.526 1.086 5.368 1981.04 -4.75 -1.26 8.698 5.494 1.101 4.575 1980.96 -4.50 -1.31 8.755 5.487 1.122 4.274 1980.87 -4.39 -1.29 8.853 5.364 1.143 4.056 1980.79 -4.26 -1.13 8.908 5.134 1.163 4.155 1980.71 -4.06 -1.08 8.956 4.963 1.181 4.207 1980.62 -3.97 -1.05 8.991 4.868 1.198 4.139 1980.54 -4.14 -1.21 8.954 4.956 1.191 4.045 1980.46 -4.33 -1.25 8.879 5.139 1.144 4.028 1980.37 -4.49 -1.30 8.875 5.212 1.127 4.006 1980.29 -4.65 -1.36 8.791 5.376 1.094 3.879 1980.21 -4.86 -1.42 8.697 5.458 1.033 3.875 1980.12 -4.90 -1.41 8.650 5.606 0.972 4.609 1980.04 -4.78 -1.46 8.736 5.605 0.987 6.183 1979.96 -4.62 -1.36 8.782 5.570 1.025 4.660 1979.87 -4.42 -1.14 8.822 5.350 1.075 4.062 1979.79 -4.14 -1.02 8.880 5.075 1.107 4.038 1979.71 -4.01 -0.94 8.993 4.933 1.130 4.135 1979.62 -3.92 -0.90 9.009 4.930 1.188 4.218 1979.54 -3.92 -0.96 8.981 4.986 1.186 4.149 1979.46 -4.11 -1.09 8.927 5.097 1.150 4.046 1979.37 -4.32 -1.30 8.864 5.248 1.101 4.005 1979.29 -4.53 -1.81 8.739 5.353 1.063 3.976 1979.21 -4.61 -0.88 8.706 5.406 1.052 3.984 1979.12 -4.60 -0.97 8.740 5.351 1.059 4.185 1979.04 -4.55 -1.10 8.749 5.268 1.068 4.091 1978.96 -4.49 -1.16 8.794 5.244 1.082 4.016 1978.87 -4.40 -1.14 8.842 5.074 1.116 4.126 1978.79 -4.14 -1.12 8.888 4.890 1.153 4.099 1978.71 -3.97 -0.99 8.929 4.776 1.162 4.117 1978.62 -4.01 -1.21 8.940 4.768 1.169 4.135 1978.54 -4.19 -1.22 8.937 4.863 1.159 4.058 1978.46 -4.38 -1.18 8.877 4.997 1.123 4.089 1978.37 -4.44 -1.19 8.834 5.108 1.110 4.523 1978.29 -4.53 -1.21 8.763 5.213 1.136 4.530 1978.21 -4.72 -1.24 8.777 5.249 1.138 4.238 1978.12 -4.63 -1.24 8.737 5.274 1.079 4.039 1978.04 -4.65 -1.22 8.758 5.256 1.065 4.050 1977.96 -4.52 -1.33 8.818 5.065 1.090 4.094 1977.87 -4.37 -1.41 8.864 4.868 1.129 4.138 1977.79 -4.25 -1.28 8.909 4.720 1.158 4.163 1977.71 -4.13 -1.12 8.939 4.692 1.167 4.219 1977.62 -4.08 -1.11 8.952 4.770 1.159 4.229 1977.54 -4.18 -1.35 8.888 4.906 1.153 4.152 1977.46 -4.30 -1.53 8.887 5.071 1.152 4.200 1977.37 -4.40 -1.26 8.803 5.211 1.140 4.116 1977.29 -4.57 -1.16 8.743 5.321 1.140 4.086 1977.21 -4.77 -1.19 8.754 5.422 1.122 4.144 1977.12 -4.82 -1.17 8.756 5.468 1.086 4.170 1977.04 -4.81 -1.26 8.751 5.347 1.080 4.027 1976.96 -4.72 -1.45 8.771 5.258 1.092 4.012 1976.87 -4.56 -1.22 8.803 5.109 1.120 4.065 1976.79 -4.36 -0.95 8.894 4.987 1.148 4.119 1976.71 -4.09 -0.96 8.928 4.893 1.171 4.188 1976.62 -4.13 -1.10 8.944 4.878 1.188 4.258 1976.54 -4.37 -1.47 8.923 4.954 1.188 4.256 1976.46 -4.59 -1.61 8.864 5.108 1.162 4.126 1976.37 -4.75 -1.51 8.812 5.279 1.130 4.093 1976.29 -5.02 -1.56 8.739 5.414 1.101 4.041 1976.21 -5.08 -1.29 8.652 5.489 1.068 4.043 1976.12 -4.95 -1.31 8.704 5.533 1.017 4.181 1976.04 -4.81 -1.32 8.699 5.378 1.020 4.605 1975.96 -4.68 -1.43 8.741 5.392 1.045 4.075 1975.87 -4.51 -1.28 8.811 5.342 1.041 4.347 1975.79 -4.39 -0.98 8.892 5.160 1.085 4.952 1975.71 -4.14 -0.87 9.007 4.882 1.132 4.268 1975.62 -4.08 -0.99 9.008 4.786 1.170 4.237 1975.54 -4.24 -1.18 8.928 4.951 1.140 4.297 1975.46 -4.54 -1.45 8.825 5.086 1.107 4.147 1975.37 -4.67 -1.60 8.745 5.132 1.087 4.116 1975.29 -4.76 -1.16 8.677 5.244 1.080 4.316 1975.21 -4.66 -1.12 8.757 5.272 1.083 4.266 1975.12 -4.64 -1.09 8.758 5.219 1.106 4.417 1975.04 -4.61 -1.19 8.711 5.186 1.101 5.181 1974.96 -4.49 -1.17 8.687 5.094 1.096 4.656 1974.87 -4.32 -1.22 8.825 4.951 1.141 4.392 1974.79 -1.23 9.017 4.814 1.182 4.439 1974.71 -4.02 -1.03 9.065 4.683 1.222 4.516 1974.62 -4.06 -1.22 9.052 4.580 1.239 4.559 1974.54 -4.28 -1.37 9.016 4.581 1.198 4.502 1974.46 -4.48 -1.21 8.945 4.666 1.174 4.495 1974.37 -4.69 -1.24 8.852 4.795 1.140 4.473 1974.29 -4.83 -1.10 8.756 4.938 1.120 4.325 1974.21 -4.86 -1.13 8.740 5.101 1.111 5.906 1974.12 -4.96 -1.21 8.691 5.273 1.096 5.062 1974.04 -4.88 -1.21 8.748 5.221 1.118 4.411 1973.96 -4.65 -1.03 8.705 5.087 1.146 4.377 1973.87 -4.52 -0.97 8.779 4.836 1.181 4.446 1973.79 -4.34 -0.99 8.855 4.600 1.215 4.562 1973.71 -4.10 -0.87 8.961 4.540 1.234 4.520 1973.62 -4.22 -1.22 8.980 4.585 1.247 4.482 1973.54 -4.32 -1.21 4.661 1.241 4.451 1973.46 -4.44 -1.34 4.747 1.236 4.419 1973.37 -4.45 -1.15 8.877 4.829 1.230 4.387 1973.29 -4.69 -1.05 8.832 4.911 1.222 4.320 1973.21 -4.90 -1.50 8.840 5.015 1.182 4.098 1973.12 -4.89 -1.47 8.823 5.199 1.122 4.184 1973.04 -4.84 -1.65 8.777 5.014 1.140 4.150 1972.96 -4.70 -1.53 8.947 4.819 1.207 4.070 1972.87 -4.55 -1.42 8.912 4.676 1.237 4.037 1972.79 -4.35 -1.14 9.036 4.553 1.242 4.119 1972.71 -4.07 -1.04 9.079 4.479 1.252 4.228 1972.62 -3.99 -0.98 9.014 4.468 1.268 4.294 1972.54 -4.13 -0.90 9.023 4.507 1.267 4.333 1972.46 -4.38 -1.06 8.954 4.591 1.250 4.480 1972.37 -4.57 -1.14 8.821 4.727 1.223 4.307 1972.29 -4.77 -1.24 8.801 4.930 1.135 4.032 1972.21 -4.94 -1.24 8.837 5.063 1.110 3.991 1972.12 -4.84 -1.04 8.823 4.979 1.159 3.948 1972.04 -4.72 -1.16 8.803 4.843 1.189 4.108 1971.96 -4.64 -1.29 8.845 4.805 1.170 4.383 1971.87 -4.59 -1.28 8.859 4.929 1.181 4.158 1971.79 -4.56 -1.16 8.928 4.907 1.225 4.092 1971.71 -4.32 -1.12 8.981 4.731 1.255 4.161 1971.62 -4.12 -0.99 9.090 4.519 1.257 4.126 1971.54 -4.04 -1.01 8.982 4.505 1.233 4.669 1971.46 -4.33 -1.20 8.884 4.681 1.203 6.084 1971.37 -4.56 -1.10 8.932 4.901 1.190 5.062 1971.29 -4.63 -1.33 8.874 4.999 1.175 3.949 1971.21 -4.74 -1.61 8.779 5.066 1.136 3.943 1971.12 -4.81 -1.69 8.723 5.159 1.100 4.506 1971.04 -4.96 -1.65 8.729 5.026 1.123 5.019 1970.96 -4.83 -1.26 8.801 4.965 1.156 4.256 1970.87 -4.64 -1.34 8.874 4.836 1.164 4.196 1970.79 -4.37 -1.43 8.911 4.784 1.187 4.122 1970.71 -4.11 -1.28 8.963 4.698 1.192 4.208 1970.62 -4.02 -1.12 9.009 4.721 1.201 4.186 1970.54 -4.20 -1.25 9.000 4.889 1.211 4.057 1970.46 -4.43 -1.53 8.908 5.178 1.169 3.919 1970.37 -4.57 -1.76 8.830 5.268 1.137 4.004 1970.29 -4.56 -1.54 8.797 5.279 1.103 3.922 1970.21 -4.75 -1.26 8.728 5.365 1.072 4.046 1970.12 -4.78 -1.19 8.718 5.291 1.060 4.199 1970.04 -4.75 -1.11 8.773 5.157 1.079 4.172 1969.96 -4.73 -1.08 8.758 5.109 1.113 4.151 1969.87 -4.61 -1.10 8.810 4.921 1.125 5.299 1969.79 -4.28 -1.06 8.993 4.751 1.148 6.583 1969.71 -4.09 -0.86 9.006 4.571 1.191 4.331 1969.62 -4.10 -0.85 9.053 4.528 1.223 4.142 1969.54 -4.23 -1.05 8.963 4.651 1.214 4.219 1969.46 -4.46 -1.23 8.855 4.743 1.205 4.283 1969.37 -4.53 -1.09 8.814 4.865 1.160 3.954 1969.29 -4.71 -1.28 8.792 4.961 1.140 3.929 1969.21 -4.73 -1.36 8.711 5.004 1.146 3.860 1969.12 -4.66 -1.18 8.731 4.957 1.131 3.819 1969.04 -4.55 -1.46 8.757 5.052 1.130 3.856 1968.96 -4.44 -1.63 8.770 5.034 1.159 3.894 1968.87 -4.39 -1.28 8.837 4.928 1.176 3.928 1968.79 -4.24 -1.07 8.936 4.800 1.197 3.975 1968.71 -3.90 -0.99 9.023 4.689 1.227 4.028 1968.62 -3.86 -1.11 9.021 4.616 1.245 4.087 1968.54 -3.97 -1.26 8.995 4.570 1.235 4.097 1968.46 -4.29 -1.80 8.918 4.657 1.198 4.015 1968.37 -4.41 -1.52 8.881 5.008 1.145 4.003 1968.29 -4.58 -1.13 8.728 5.375 1.104 4.159 1968.21 -4.66 -1.04 8.697 5.532 1.112 3.954 1968.12 -4.74 -1.24 8.660 5.528 1.125 3.835 1968.04 -4.67 -1.31 8.692 5.357 1.102 3.847 2. SST and SSS Data Date in Calendar Years SST in Degrees C SSS in parts per thousand Date ORSTOM ORSTOM GISST2 SST SSS SST 1992.62 20.89 36.06 22.54 1992.54 21.1 35.92 23.21 1992.46 22.65 35.97 23.95 1992.37 23.5 35.87 24.82 1992.29 24.38 25.72 1992.21 24.59 26.14 1992.12 25.52 26.76 1992.04 24.67 26.07 1991.96 23.57 24.95 1991.87 22.3 23.81 1991.79 21.64 23.13 1991.71 21.14 36.04 23.16 1991.62 20.51 35.97 22.75 1991.54 21.36 35.91 22.94 1991.46 21.57 35.86 23.58 1991.37 22.13 35.81 24.32 1991.29 23.76 35.59 25.48 1991.21 24.44 35.71 26.31 1991.12 25.88 35.78 26.93 1991.04 24.86 35.84 26.55 1990.96 24.03 35.8 25.56 1990.87 22.89 35.78 24.27 1990.79 21.87 35.98 23 1990.71 20.75 35.82 22.53 1990.62 21.27 35.66 22.81 1990.54 21.72 35.67 23.3 1990.46 22.95 35.59 23.97 1990.37 23.67 35.45 25.38 1990.29 24.63 35.41 26.37 1990.21 25.85 34.87 26.68 1990.12 25.89 34.9 27.14 1990.04 25.61 35.16 26.67 1989.96 24.61 35.67 25.84 1989.87 23.5 35.71 24.56 1989.79 22.18 35.63 23.82 1989.71 21.34 35.57 22.6 1989.62 20.88 35.37 22.29 1989.54 21.37 35.42 22.92 1989.46 22.47 35.29 23.53 1989.37 22.64 35.42 24.65 1989.29 23.55 35.34 25.52 1989.21 24.77 35.01 26.21 1989.12 25.12 35.27 26.65 1989.04 25.46 35.35 26.77 1988.96 24.67 35.66 25.91 1988.87 24.54 35.72 25.33 1988.79 23.07 35.95 24.57 1988.71 21.6 35.9 23.09 1988.62 21.43 35.84 23.09 1988.54 21.3 35.87 23.13 1988.46 22.69 35.84 23.79 1988.37 23.56 35.84 25.09 1988.29 24.95 26.18 1988.21 24.61 26.19 1988.12 24.99 35.55 26.7 1988.04 24.89 35.47 26.25 1987.96 24.02 35.96 25.19 1987.87 23.07 35.89 24.07 1987.79 22.22 35.87 23.06 1987.71 21.2 35.82 22.47 1987.62 20.72 35.73 22.4 1987.54 20.89 35.84 22.75 1987.46 21.72 35.74 23.31 1987.37 22.76 35.88 24.32 1987.29 23.66 35.95 25.38 1987.21 25.39 35.79 25.97 1987.12 24.46 35.81 26.05 1987.04 24.04 36.52 25.87 1986.96 23.13 35.72 24.93 1986.87 23.16 35.9 24.22 1986.79 22.5 36.24 23.47 1986.71 20.12 35.82 22.68 1986.62 20.33 35.71 22.44 1986.54 20.87 35.58 22.98 1986.46 22.09 35.41 23.73 1986.37 23.16 35.35 24.67 1986.29 23.8 35.39 25.57 1986.21 25.4 35.22 26.52 1986.12 27 35.65 27.38 1986.04 26.25 36.16 26.97 1985.96 24.36 35.69 25.74 1985.87 22.94 35.61 24.63 1985.79 22.53 35.54 23.11 1985.71 20.72 35.75 22.96 1985.62 20.05 35.85 22.31 1985.54 20.83 35.77 22.77 1985.46 21.96 35.69 23.91 1985.37 23.8 35.48 25.31 1985.29 25.19 35.44 26.33 1985.21 25.47 35.65 26.82 1985.12 26.63 35.67 27.61 1985.04 26.01 35.48 27.05 1984.96 25.71 35.67 26.25 1984.87 23.71 35.5 24.25 1984.79 22.29 35.95 23.01 1984.71 21.63 35.98 22.82 1984.62 21.12 35.93 22.48 1984.54 21.28 35.9 23.09 1984.46 21.73 35.64 23.5 1984.37 23.32 36.05 24.89 1984.29 24.34 35.92 26.01 1984.21 25.32 35.73 26.38 1984.12 24.9 35.77 25.84 1984.04 24.8 35.76 25.38 1983.96 23.57 35.99 24.88 1983.87 24.34 35.88 24.4 1983.79 22.74 35.94 23.35 1983.71 21.67 35.85 22.56 1983.62 20.35 35.84 21.63 1983.54 21.5 35.7 22.48 1983.46 22.63 35.59 23.65 1983.37 23.86 35.49 25.52 1983.29 25.77 35.36 26.29 1983.21 25.68 35.19 26.25 1983.12 25.51 35.2 26.46 1983.04 25.74 35.36 25.93 1982.96 24.33 35.65 25.07 1982.87 23.69 35.8 23.55 1982.79 22.76 35.82 22.45 1982.71 20.62 35.8 21.91 1982.62 19.82 35.95 21.88 1982.54 20.63 35.76 22.37 1982.46 22.05 35.72 23.37 1982.37 23.02 35.64 24.17 1982.29 23.98 35.57 25.13 1982.21 24.79 26.18 1982.12 25.34 26.82 1982.04 26.26 27.32 1981.96 24.27 25.69 1981.87 21.67 35.89 24.07 1981.79 21.86 35.98 23.01 1981.71 20.64 36.05 22.48 1981.62 20.71 35.82 22.32 1981.54 19.58 35.59 23.05 1981.46 22.47 35.75 24.02 1981.37 23.46 35.58 25.08 1981.29 24.7 35.63 26.23 1981.21 25.28 35.48 27.06 1981.12 26.01 35.55 27.27 1981.04 25.67 35.82 26.56 1980.96 24.06 35.83 25.17 1980.87 22.95 35.9 24.34 1980.79 23 35.86 23.35 1980.71 21.4 35.91 22.3 1980.62 21.36 35.74 22.06 1980.54 21.8 35.78 22.63 1980.46 22.92 35.76 23.76 1980.37 23.81 35.66 24.99 1980.29 24.71 35.66 25.95 1980.21 26.97 35.66 27.24 1980.12 27.5 35.69 27.67 1980.04 26.04 35.8 27.2 1979.96 24.9 35.92 26.07 1979.87 23.81 35.82 24.92 1979.79 22.24 35.87 23.76 1979.71 21.34 35.8 22.72 1979.62 20.69 35.86 22.36 1979.54 21.55 35.94 22.79 1979.46 22.36 35.94 23.89 1979.37 23.07 35.7 25.17 1979.29 24.57 35.65 26.17 1979.21 25.53 26.86 1979.12 24.91 35.57 26.8 1979.04 25.61 35.72 26.31 1978.96 24.79 35.94 25.16 1978.87 22.17 36.04 23.99 1978.79 21.53 36.18 22.97 1978.71 21.95 35.89 22.6 1978.62 20.93 35.86 22.58 1978.54 21.69 35.73 23.02 1978.46 22.83 35.82 24.06 1978.37 23.99 35.82 25.1 1978.29 25.5 35.74 26.22 1978.21 25.92 35.7 26.94 1978.12 26.02 35.77 27.09 1978.04 25.51 35.61 26.5 1977.96 24.65 35.81 25.51 1977.87 23.39 35.8 24.33 1977.79 22.17 35.8 22.98 1977.71 21.24 35.89 22.39 1977.62 20.95 35.94 22.33 1977.54 22.11 35.67 22.93 1977.46 22.26 35.7 23.9 1977.37 23.82 35.63 25.07 1977.29 24.44 35.62 26.22 1977.21 25.63 35.52 26.71 1977.12 25.68 35.45 26.91 1977.04 25.87 35.52 26.45 1976.96 25.75 35.53 25.81 1976.87 24.24 35.59 24.73 1976.79 25.24 35.44 23.49 1976.71 21.25 35.69 22.61 1976.62 21.56 35.58 22.53 1976.54 20.76 35.52 23.21 1976.46 22.93 35.36 24.07 1976.37 23.85 35.47 25.17 1976.29 25.98 35.16 26.35 1976.21 27.13 35.12 26.74 1976.12 26.26 35.37 26.83 1976.04 26.2 35.38 26.67 1975.96 24.97 35.7 25.99 1975.87 24.16 35.65 24.93 1975.79 23.87 35.75 23.92 1975.71 22.47 35.63 23.31 1975.62 21.61 35.55 23.15 1975.54 20.9 35.56 23.41 1975.46 22.8 35.68 24.35 1975.37 22 35.34 25.74 1975.29 25.29 35.35 26.57 1975.21 26.21 35.3 27.3 1975.12 25.32 35.53 27.11 1975.04 26.16 35.6 26.91 1974.96 25.71 35.51 25.85 1974.87 24.7 1974.79 23.67 1974.71 22.98 1974.62 22.82 1974.54 23.26 1974.46 24.08 1974.37 25.05 1974.29 26.2 1974.21 26.78 1974.12 27.16 1974.04 26.97 1973.96 26.33 1973.87 25.49 1973.79 24.29 1973.71 23.43 1973.62 23.31 1973.54 23.81 1973.46 24.6 1973.37 25.55 1973.29 26.39 1973.21 27.27 1973.12 27.41 1973.04 26.82 1972.96 25.53 1972.87 24.6 1972.79 23.42 1972.71 22.6 1972.62 22.44 1972.54 22.84 1972.46 23.44 1972.37 24.51 1972.29 25.67 1972.21 26.22 1972.12 26.06 1972.04 25.72 1971.96 25.2 1971.87 24.46 1971.79 23.74 1971.71 23.13 1971.62 22.82 1971.54 23.03 1971.46 23.91 1971.37 24.75 1971.29 25.67 1971.21 26.69 1971.12 27.12 1971.04 26.8 1970.96 25.88 1970.87 24.9 1970.79 23.67 1970.71 22.96 1970.62 22.71 1970.54 23.22 1970.46 24.04 1970.37 25.12 1970.29 26.36 1970.21 27.34 1970.12 27.32 1970.04 26.95 1969.96 25.72 1969.87 24.4 1969.79 23.37 1969.71 22.77 1969.62 22.46 1969.54 23.05 1969.46 24.24 1969.37 25.18 1969.29 26.2 1969.21 26.8 1969.12 26.67 1969.04 26.36 1968.96 25.27 1968.87 24.13 1968.79 23.24 1968.71 22.73 1968.62 22.53 1968.54 22.99 1968.46 23.78 1968.37 24.84 1968.29 25.75 1968.21 26.48 1968.12 26.45 1968.04 26.16