Tahiti 15KYrBP Fossil Coral Sr/Ca and d18O Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: Please cite original reference when using these data, plus the data file URL and date accessed. NAME OF DATA SET: Tahiti 15KYrBP Fossil Coral Sr/Ca and d18O Data LAST UPDATE: 7/2012 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Felis, T., U. Merkel, R. Asami, P. Deschamps, E.C. Hathorne, M. Kölling, E. Bard, G. Cabioch, N. Durand, M. Prange, M. Schulz, S.Y. Cahyarini, and M. Pfeiffer IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2012-124 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Felis, T., et al. 2012. Tahiti 15KYrBP Fossil Coral Sr/Ca and d18O Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2012-124. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Felis, T., U. Merkel, R. Asami, P. Deschamps, E.C. Hathorne, M. Kölling, E. Bard, G. Cabioch, N. Durand, M. Prange, M. Schulz, S.Y. Cahyarini, and M. Pfeiffer. 2012. Pronounced interannual variability in tropical South Pacific temperatures during Heinrich Stadial 1. Nature Communications, 3, Article 965. doi:10.1038/ncomms1973 dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1973 ABSTRACT: The early last glacial termination was characterized by intense North Atlantic cooling and weak overturning circulation. This interval between ~18,000 and 14,600 years ago, known as Heinrich Stadial 1, was accompanied by a disruption of global climate and has been suggested as a key factor for the termination. However, the response of interannual climate variability in the tropical Pacific (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) to Heinrich Stadial 1 is poorly understood. Here we use Sr/Ca in a fossil Tahiti coral to reconstruct tropical South Pacific sea surface temperature around 15,000 years ago at monthly resolution. Unlike today, interannual South Pacific sea surface temperature variability at typical El Niño-Southern Oscillation periods was pronounced at Tahiti. Our results indicate that the El Niño- Southern Oscillation was active during Heinrich Stadial 1, consistent with climate model simulations of enhanced El Niño- Southern Oscillation variability at that time. Furthermore, a greater El Niño-Southern Oscillation influence in the South Pacific during Heinrich Stadial 1 is suggested, resulting from a southward expansion or shift of El Niño-Southern Oscillation sea surface temperature anomalies. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Central tropical South Pacific PERIOD OF RECORD: ~15,000 yrBP FUNDING SOURCES: Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 310, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), European Science Foundation (ESF) under EUROCORES Programme EuroMARC. DATA FILE URLS: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/tahiti2012.txt ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/east_pacific/tahiti2012.xls DESCRIPTION: Sr/Ca and d18O data from a fossil Porites coral recovered at Tahiti, French Polynesia. Fossil Porites coral (310-M0024A-11R-2W 1-62) was recovered by IODP Expedition 310 in the central tropical South Pacific at 113 m below present sea level off Tiarei on the north side of the island of Tahiti (French Polynesia, IODP Hole M0024A). Rigorous screening for diagenetic alteration using a variety of methods reveals that the aragonitic coral skeleton is well preserved. Two highly consistent U-Th ages indicate that the coral grew 14.994±0.025 ka before the present (ka BP; ‘present’ is defined as AD 1950). In the skeleton of this coral, we analyse the Sr/Ca temperature proxy (and d18O) at monthly resolution representing an interval of 22 years. The fossil Tahiti coral, which lived in a water depth of <=10 m, more likely in <=5 m, at 15.0 ka BP, provides an ultrahigh-resolution snapshot of tropical Pacific climate variability during the cold Heinrich Stadial 1 of the North Atlantic. More information can be found in Felis et al., 2012. IODP Hole M0024A: 17°29.2918'S, 149°24.2358'W Coral sample was recovered from 21 m below sea floor, at a depth of 113 m below present sea level. DATA: Felis et al. 2012 Tahiti 15.0 ka BP Fossil Coral Sr/Ca and Oxygen Isotope Data Fossil Porites coral (310-M0024A-11R-2W 1-62) monthly records Age: 14.994 +/- 0.025 ka before present (ka BP,"present" is defined as AD 1950), based on two TIMS U-Th ages. Time period 22 years around 15.0 ka before present (ka BP, “present” is defined as AD 1950) Column 1: Age (Year, internal chronology) Column 2: Monthly Coral Sr/Ca (mmol/mol) Column 3: Monthly Coral d18O (per mil VPDB) AgeYearIC Sr/Ca d18O 0.458 9.242 -2.84 0.542 9.259 -2.80 0.625 9.273 -2.80 0.708 9.265 -2.84 0.792 9.270 -2.87 0.875 9.254 -2.88 0.958 9.216 -2.92 1.042 9.198 -2.99 1.125 9.174 -3.07 1.208 9.138 -3.05 1.292 9.152 -3.05 1.375 9.196 -2.95 1.458 9.268 -2.80 1.542 9.294 -2.80 1.625 9.371 -2.64 1.708 9.334 -2.70 1.792 9.316 -2.85 1.875 9.292 -2.92 1.958 9.270 -2.97 2.042 9.254 -2.99 2.125 9.259 -3.01 2.208 9.185 -3.04 2.292 9.235 -2.97 2.375 9.290 -2.93 2.458 9.282 -2.78 2.542 9.265 -2.88 2.625 9.317 -2.74 2.708 9.275 -2.83 2.792 9.281 -2.91 2.875 9.276 -2.90 2.958 9.237 -2.99 3.042 9.251 -2.95 3.125 9.234 -3.08 3.208 9.190 -3.11 3.292 9.228 -2.92 3.375 9.235 -2.90 3.458 9.250 -2.79 3.542 9.272 -2.78 3.625 9.330 -2.71 3.708 9.283 -2.78 3.792 9.234 -2.85 3.875 9.212 -2.87 3.958 9.212 -2.89 4.042 9.226 -2.89 4.125 9.212 -2.89 4.208 9.193 -2.91 4.292 9.201 -2.93 4.375 9.215 -2.91 4.458 9.234 -2.85 4.542 9.255 -2.81 4.625 9.276 -2.78 4.708 9.255 -2.82 4.792 9.230 -2.83 4.875 9.204 -2.83 4.958 9.151 -2.90 5.042 9.107 -2.99 5.125 9.097 -3.03 5.208 9.065 -3.12 5.292 9.084 -3.04 5.375 9.135 -2.96 5.458 9.172 -2.81 5.542 9.215 -2.79 5.625 9.219 -2.71 5.708 9.211 -2.67 5.792 9.184 -2.76 5.875 9.203 -2.75 5.958 9.165 -2.76 6.042 9.126 -2.87 6.125 9.122 -2.93 6.208 9.072 -3.04 6.292 9.098 -2.96 6.375 9.181 -2.85 6.458 9.239 -2.73 6.542 9.268 -2.70 6.625 9.313 -2.52 6.708 9.287 -2.54 6.792 9.274 -2.62 6.875 9.229 -2.81 6.958 9.226 -2.81 7.042 9.251 -2.89 7.125 9.241 -2.96 7.208 9.209 -3.10 7.292 9.210 -3.02 7.375 9.221 -3.00 7.458 9.271 -2.95 7.542 9.312 -2.87 7.625 9.317 -2.78 7.708 9.277 -2.78 7.792 9.293 -2.78 7.875 9.270 -2.83 7.958 9.274 -2.82 8.042 9.299 -2.82 8.125 9.231 -2.94 8.208 9.202 -3.01 8.292 9.234 -2.99 8.375 9.224 -2.95 8.458 9.235 -2.96 8.542 9.319 -2.79 8.625 9.337 -2.68 8.708 9.305 -2.69 8.792 9.264 -2.77 8.875 9.286 -2.79 8.958 9.282 -2.80 9.042 9.257 -2.84 9.125 9.256 -2.88 9.208 9.223 -2.91 9.292 9.236 -2.86 9.375 9.287 -2.77 9.458 9.295 -2.78 9.542 9.303 -2.72 9.625 9.312 -2.65 9.708 9.310 -2.65 9.792 9.292 -2.72 9.875 9.244 -2.77 9.958 9.232 -2.89 10.042 9.239 -2.89 10.125 9.169 -3.04 10.208 9.137 -3.08 10.292 9.144 -3.10 10.375 9.159 -3.04 10.458 9.210 -2.96 10.542 9.285 -2.92 10.625 9.315 -2.86 10.708 9.256 -2.70 10.792 9.289 -2.89 10.875 9.273 -2.91 10.958 9.297 -2.95 11.042 9.243 -3.11 11.125 9.234 -3.06 11.208 9.151 -3.23 11.292 9.230 -3.08 11.375 9.293 -2.86 11.458 9.309 -2.82 11.542 9.345 -2.66 11.625 9.390 -2.51 11.708 9.357 -2.70 11.792 9.282 -2.87 11.875 9.288 -2.84 11.958 9.245 -2.95 12.042 9.235 -2.96 12.125 9.205 -2.98 12.208 9.183 -3.07 12.292 9.208 -3.00 12.375 9.226 -2.96 12.458 9.297 -2.78 12.542 9.291 -2.76 12.625 9.339 -2.66 12.708 9.313 -2.71 12.792 9.274 -2.84 12.875 9.242 -2.97 12.958 9.203 -3.02 13.042 9.232 -2.99 13.125 9.190 -2.94 13.208 9.184 -3.05 13.292 9.209 -3.08 13.375 9.224 -3.04 13.458 9.189 -3.04 13.542 9.239 -2.89 13.625 9.302 -2.77 13.708 9.253 -2.80 13.792 9.200 -2.86 13.875 9.232 -2.90 13.958 9.200 -2.90 14.042 9.209 -2.89 14.125 9.185 -2.97 14.208 9.157 -3.04 14.292 9.200 -3.07 14.375 9.194 -2.95 14.458 9.216 -2.83 14.542 9.216 -2.85 14.625 9.234 -2.94 14.708 9.197 -2.97 14.792 9.170 -3.00 14.875 9.169 -3.06 14.958 9.175 -3.12 15.042 9.181 -3.08 15.125 9.150 -3.10 15.208 9.137 -3.09 15.292 9.187 -3.03 15.375 9.209 -2.96 15.458 9.200 -2.71 15.542 9.214 -2.94 15.625 9.293 -2.71 15.708 9.263 -2.74 15.792 9.270 -2.77 15.875 9.242 -2.72 15.958 9.184 -2.81 16.042 9.168 -2.88 16.125 9.170 -2.97 16.208 9.163 -3.03 16.292 9.207 -3.13 16.375 9.208 -3.07 16.458 9.245 -3.02 16.542 9.296 -2.89 16.625 9.373 -2.61 16.708 9.325 -2.74 16.792 9.318 -2.76 16.875 9.286 -2.88 16.958 9.270 -2.90 17.042 9.226 -2.99 17.125 9.191 -3.03 17.208 9.130 -3.09 17.292 9.185 -3.12 17.375 9.242 -2.78 17.458 9.276 -2.72 17.542 9.304 -2.71 17.625 9.323 -2.73 17.708 9.293 -2.69 17.792 9.256 -2.82 17.875 9.226 -2.89 17.958 9.211 -2.90 18.042 9.208 -3.04 18.125 9.207 -2.97 18.208 9.180 -2.92 18.292 9.206 -2.87 18.375 9.242 -2.81 18.458 9.289 -2.73 18.542 9.313 -2.67 18.625 9.328 -2.66 18.708 9.305 -2.60 18.792 9.232 -2.63 18.875 9.231 -2.77 18.958 9.205 -2.82 19.042 9.190 -2.89 19.125 9.156 -3.06 19.208 9.124 -3.07 19.292 9.145 -2.94 19.375 9.180 -2.80 19.458 9.205 -2.70 19.542 9.231 -2.63 19.625 9.254 -2.68 19.708 9.241 -2.79 19.792 9.225 -2.83 19.875 9.212 -2.91 19.958 9.206 -2.98 20.042 9.163 -3.08 20.125 9.157 -3.17 20.208 9.132 -3.14 20.292 9.167 -3.02 20.375 9.217 -2.91 20.458 9.227 -2.91 20.542 9.247 -2.74 20.625 9.255 -2.72 20.708 9.240 -2.72 20.792 9.232 -2.61 20.875 9.205 -2.82 20.958 9.163 -2.91 21.042 9.193 -2.97 21.125 9.157 -3.03 21.208 9.141 -3.02 21.292 9.166 -3.01 21.375 9.224 -2.80 21.458 9.240 -2.64 21.542 9.261 -2.58 21.625 9.322 -2.37 21.708 9.292 -2.39 21.792 9.274 -2.54 21.875 9.257 -2.60 21.958 9.246 -2.57 22.042 9.227 -2.62 22.125 9.194 -2.74 22.208 9.171 -2.88 22.292 9.221 -2.90 22.375 9.248 -2.63 22.458 9.230 -2.62 22.542 9.267 -2.55 22.625 9.409 -2.32