# Kiritimati Island Modern and Fossil Coral d18O and d13C Data #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/22415 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-coral-22415.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Corals and Sclerosponges # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/979k-br89 # # Science_Keywords: #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/grothe2019/grothe2019-x13-fs21-45_1-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; X13-FS21-45(1) d18O and d13C Data # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-10-28 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2024-08-17 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Kiritimati Island Modern and Fossil Coral d18O and d13C Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Grothe, P.R.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-4776); Cobb, K.M.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2125-9164); Liguori, G.; Di Lorenzo, E.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1935-7363); Capotondi, A.; Lu, Y.; Cheng, H.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5305-9458); Edwards, R.L.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-5881); Southon, J.R.(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6168-6235); Santos, G.M.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-6390); Deocampo, D.M.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3523-2592); Lynch-Stieglitz, J.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9353-1972); Chen, T.(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6828-0852); Sayani, H.R.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0607-4882); Thompson, D.M.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6181-1259); Conroy, J.L.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3652-3199); Moore, A.L.; Townsend, K.; Hagos, M.; O'Connor, G.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4645-4038); Toth, L.T.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-802X) #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: This dataset contains coral oxygen (d18O) and carbon (d13C) data from modern and fossil coral specimens collected on Kiritimati Island, Line Islands, central tropical Pacific. Proided are the raw data by depth and the associated running timeseries. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Grothe, P.R.; Cobb, K.M.; Liguori, G.; Di Lorenzo, E.; Capotondi, A.; Lu, Y.; Cheng, H.; Edwards, R.L.; Southon, J.R.; Santos, G.M.; Deocampo, D.M.; Lynch-Stieglitz, J.; Chen, T.; Sayani, H.R.; Thompson, D.M.; Conroy, J.L.; Moore, A.L.; Townsend, K.; Hagos, M.; O'Connor, G.; Toth, L.T. # Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Letters # Published_Title: Enhanced El Nino-Southern Oscillation variability in recent decades # Published_Date_or_Year: 2020 # Volume: 47 # Pages: # Issue: 7 # Report_Number: e2019GL083906 # DOI: 10.1029/2019GL083906 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) represents the largest source of year-to-year global climate variability. While earth system models suggest a range of possible shifts in ENSO properties under continued greenhouse gas forcing, many centuries of preindustrial climate data are required to detect a potential shift in the properties of recent ENSO extremes. Here, we reconstruct the strength of ENSO variations over the last 7,000 years with a new ensemble of fossil coral oxygen isotope records from the Line Islands, located in the central equatorial Pacific. The corals document a significant decrease in ENSO variance of ~20% from 3,000 to 5,000 years ago, coinciding with changes in spring/fall precessional insolation. We find that ENSO variability over the last five decades is ~25% stronger than during the preindustrial. Our results provide empirical support for recent climate model projections showing an intensification of ENSO extremes under greenhouse forcing. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: 3506D33; 41888101; 1029020; 1349599 #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Kiritimati Island, Line Islands # Location: Kiribati # Northernmost_Latitude: 2.05 # Southernmost_Latitude: 1.683333 # Easternmost_Longitude: -157.15 # Westernmost_Longitude: -157.55 # Elevation_m: #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Kiritimati X13-FS21-45(1) Grothe2019 # First_Year: 5131 # Last_Year: 5131 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes # Notes: 8 year record; igsn:10.58052/IEPRG000D #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: Uranium-Thorium # Chronology_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/noaa-wds-paleo-uth-terms.csv # Chronology_Download_Description: Uranium-Thorium terms and definitions. # Chronology_Notes: For [238U] and (230Th/238U) activity ratio, error is for last significant figure. (230Th/238U) activity ratio is 10^3. # Rejection_Rationale: # 238U_Decay_Constant: Cheng et al. [2013] # 234U_Decay_Constant: Cheng et al. [2013] # 230Th_Decay_Constant: Cheng et al. [2013] # Initial_230Th/232Th: 4.4 ± 2.2 x 10-6 # Initial_230Th/232Th_Method: the value for materials at secular equilibrium, assuming a bulk Earth crustal 232Th/238Th ratio of 3.8. # Age_Model_Method: # Missing_Values: na # Chronology_Table: # samp_id IGSN 238U_ppb 238U_uncert_ppb 230Th_238U_act 230Th_238U_act_uncert d234U_init_permil d234U_init_2s_permil 232Th_ppt 232Th_2s_ppt age_uncorr_BP1950 age_uncorr_2s_yr age_corr_BP1950 age_corr_2s_yr # X13-FS21-45(1) IEPRG000D 2.496 1.9 53.4 0.11 145.9 1.2 54 2 5197 12 5131 12 #-------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_mm depth,,,millimeter,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N, ## time age,,,year,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N,running year ## d18Ocoral delta 18O,Porites sp.,,per mil VPDB,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N, ## d13Ccoral delta 13C,Porites sp.,,per mil VPDB,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N, #-------------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: NA depth_mm time d18Ocoral d13Ccoral 1 8.2087 -4.722 -2.992 2 8.1531 -4.759 -3.062 3 8.0976 -4.764 -2.697 4 8.042 -4.66 -2.807 5 7.9511 -4.803 -2.544 6 7.8602 -4.794 -2.503 7 7.7693 -4.767 -2.349 8 7.6784 -4.801 -2.572 9 7.5875 -4.668 -2.451 10 7.4965 -4.693 -2.254 11 7.4056 -4.659 -3.022 12 7.3147 -4.661 -3.493 13 7.2238 -4.697 -3.662 14 7.1329 -4.584 -3.498 15 7.042 -4.446 -3.472 16 6.9651 -4.504 -3.347 17 6.8882 -4.748 -3.134 18 6.8112 -4.724 -2.931 19 6.7343 -4.796 -2.726 20 6.6574 -4.667 -2.58 21 6.5805 -4.385 -1.848 22 6.5035 -4.445 -2.055 23 6.4266 -4.577 -2.418 24 6.3497 -4.481 -2.605 25 6.2728 -4.436 -2.887 26 6.1958 -4.447 -3.337 27 6.1189 -4.478 -3.431 28 6.042 -4.395 -3.358 29 5.9651 -4.539 -3.112 30 5.8882 -4.531 -2.93 31 5.8112 -4.612 -2.438 32 5.7343 -4.589 -2.144 33 5.6574 -4.48 -1.954 34 5.5805 -4.477 -1.877 35 5.5035 -4.45 -2.268 36 5.4266 -4.482 -1.859 37 5.3497 -4.357 -1.622 38 5.2728 -4.459 -2.192 39 5.1958 -4.415 -2.358 40 5.1189 -4.332 -2.434 41 5.042 -4.301 -2.393 42 4.9651 -4.397 -2.912 43 4.8882 -4.367 -2.759 44 4.8112 -4.521 -3.067 45 4.7343 -4.535 -2.85 46 4.6574 -4.597 -2.596 47 4.5805 -4.676 -2.506 48 4.5035 -4.612 -2.668 49 4.4266 -4.358 -1.906 50 4.3497 -4.338 -1.675 51 4.2728 -4.416 -1.865 52 4.1958 -4.423 -2.542 53 4.1189 -4.505 -2.696 54 4.042 -4.355 -2.597 55 3.9706 -4.45 -2.855 56 3.8991 -4.434 -3.154 57 3.8277 -4.609 -3.066 58 3.7563 -4.675 -3.072 59 3.6849 -4.608 -2.546 60 3.6134 -4.65 -2.471 61 3.542 -4.634 -2.365 62 3.4706 -4.678 -2.1 63 3.3991 -4.419 -1.7 64 3.3277 -4.554 -2.056 65 3.2563 -4.553 -2.133 66 3.1849 -4.461 -2.076 67 3.1134 -4.404 -2.373 68 3.042 -4.384 -2.547 69 2.9651 -4.516 -2.661 70 2.8882 -4.537 -2.294 71 2.8112 -4.626 -2.33 72 2.7343 -4.625 -2.186 73 2.6574 -4.694 -2.467 74 2.5805 -4.593 -1.844 75 2.5035 -4.583 -1.75 76 2.4266 -4.381 -1.49 77 2.3497 -4.469 -1.952 78 2.2728 -4.52 -2.232 79 2.1958 -4.458 -2.072 80 2.1189 -4.39 -2.431 81 2.042 -4.318 -2.036 82 1.9651 -4.449 -2.574 83 1.8882 -4.515 -2.425 84 1.8112 -4.42 -2.53 85 1.7343 -4.437 -2.252 86 1.6574 -4.468 -2.077 87 1.5805 -4.461 -1.992 88 1.5035 -4.401 -1.593 89 1.4266 -4.404 -1.674 90 1.3497 -4.436 -1.912 91 1.2728 -4.582 -2.23 92 1.1958 -4.459 -1.917 93 1.1189 -4.405 -2.042 94 1.042 -4.339 -2.182 95 0.9587 -4.354 -2.28 96 0.8753 -4.37 -2.134 97 0.792 -4.488 -2.34 98 0.7087 -4.378 -2.174 99 0.6253 -4.397 -2.108 100 0.542 -4.391 -2.332