# Kiritimati Island Modern and Fossil Coral d18O and d13C Data #---------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program # National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) #---------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 4.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, NOAA Landing Page URL, dataset and publication DOIs (where available), and date accessed when using downloaded data. If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, study title, NOAA Landing Page URL, and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # NOAA_Landing_Page: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/study/22415 # Landing_Page_Description: NOAA Landing Page of this file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Study_Level_JSON_Metadata: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/metadata/published/paleo/json/noaa-coral-22415.json # Study_Level_JSON_Description: JSON metadata of this data file's parent study, which includes all study metadata. # # Data_Type: Corals and Sclerosponges # # Dataset_DOI: 10.25921/979k-br89 # # Science_Keywords: #-------------------- # Resource_Links # # Data_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/coral/central_pacific/grothe2019/grothe2019-x13-fs21-14-noaa.txt # Data_Download_Description: NOAA Template File; X13-FS21-14 d18O and d13C Data # #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2019-10-28 #-------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2024-08-17 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Kiritimati Island Modern and Fossil Coral d18O and d13C Data #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Grothe, P.R.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1855-4776); Cobb, K.M.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2125-9164); Liguori, G.; Di Lorenzo, E.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1935-7363); Capotondi, A.; Lu, Y.; Cheng, H.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5305-9458); Edwards, R.L.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-5881); Southon, J.R.(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6168-6235); Santos, G.M.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-6390); Deocampo, D.M.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3523-2592); Lynch-Stieglitz, J.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9353-1972); Chen, T.(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6828-0852); Sayani, H.R.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0607-4882); Thompson, D.M.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6181-1259); Conroy, J.L.(https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3652-3199); Moore, A.L.; Townsend, K.; Hagos, M.; O'Connor, G.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4645-4038); Toth, L.T.(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2568-802X) #-------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: This dataset contains coral oxygen (d18O) and carbon (d13C) data from modern and fossil coral specimens collected on Kiritimati Island, Line Islands, central tropical Pacific. Proided are the raw data by depth and the associated running timeseries. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Grothe, P.R.; Cobb, K.M.; Liguori, G.; Di Lorenzo, E.; Capotondi, A.; Lu, Y.; Cheng, H.; Edwards, R.L.; Southon, J.R.; Santos, G.M.; Deocampo, D.M.; Lynch-Stieglitz, J.; Chen, T.; Sayani, H.R.; Thompson, D.M.; Conroy, J.L.; Moore, A.L.; Townsend, K.; Hagos, M.; O'Connor, G.; Toth, L.T. # Journal_Name: Geophysical Research Letters # Published_Title: Enhanced El Nino-Southern Oscillation variability in recent decades # Published_Date_or_Year: 2020 # Volume: 47 # Pages: # Issue: 7 # Report_Number: e2019GL083906 # DOI: 10.1029/2019GL083906 # Full_Citation: # Abstract: The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) represents the largest source of year-to-year global climate variability. While earth system models suggest a range of possible shifts in ENSO properties under continued greenhouse gas forcing, many centuries of preindustrial climate data are required to detect a potential shift in the properties of recent ENSO extremes. Here, we reconstruct the strength of ENSO variations over the last 7,000 years with a new ensemble of fossil coral oxygen isotope records from the Line Islands, located in the central equatorial Pacific. The corals document a significant decrease in ENSO variance of ~20% from 3,000 to 5,000 years ago, coinciding with changes in spring/fall precessional insolation. We find that ENSO variability over the last five decades is ~25% stronger than during the preindustrial. Our results provide empirical support for recent climate model projections showing an intensification of ENSO extremes under greenhouse forcing. #-------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: US National Science Foundation # Grant: 3506D33; 41888101; 1029020; 1349599 #-------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: Kiritimati Island, Line Islands # Location: Kiribati # Northernmost_Latitude: 2.05 # Southernmost_Latitude: 1.683333 # Easternmost_Longitude: -157.15 # Westernmost_Longitude: -157.55 # Elevation_m: #-------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: Kiritimati X13-FS21-14 Grothe2019 # First_Year: 4527 # Last_Year: 4527 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length_m: # Parameter_Keywords: carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes # Notes: 8 year record; igsn:10.58052/IEPRG0007 #-------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: Uranium-Thorium # Chronology_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/templates/noaa-wds-paleo-uth-terms.csv # Chronology_Download_Description: Uranium-Thorium terms and definitions. # Chronology_Notes: For [238U] and (230Th/238U) activity ratio, error is for last significant figure. (230Th/238U) activity ratio is 10^3. # Rejection_Rationale: # 238U_Decay_Constant: Cheng et al. [2013] # 234U_Decay_Constant: Cheng et al. [2013] # 230Th_Decay_Constant: Cheng et al. [2013] # Initial_230Th/232Th: 4.4 ± 2.2 x 10-6 # Initial_230Th/232Th_Method: the value for materials at secular equilibrium, assuming a bulk Earth crustal 232Th/238Th ratio of 3.8. # Age_Model_Method: # Missing_Values: na # Chronology_Table: # samp_id IGSN 238U_ppb 238U_uncert_ppb 230Th_238U_act 230Th_238U_act_uncert d234U_init_permil d234U_init_2s_permil 232Th_ppt 232Th_2s_ppt age_uncorr_BP1950 age_uncorr_2s_yr age_corr_BP1950 age_corr_2s_yr # X13-FS21-14 IEPRG0007 2.655 2.5 47.2 0.11 143.5 1.3 51 2 4593 12 4527 12 #-------------------- # Variables # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/paleo-search/skos/past-thesaurus.rdf # PaST_Thesaurus_Download_Description: Paleoenvironmental Standard Terms (PaST) Thesaurus terms, definitions, and relationships in SKOS format. # # Data variables follow that are preceded by '##' in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-var components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, data type, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # ## depth_mm depth,,,millimeter,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N, ## time age,,,year,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N,running year ## d18Ocoral delta 18O,Porites sp.,,per mil VPDB,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N, ## d13Ccoral delta 13C,Porites sp.,,per mil VPDB,,corals and sclerosponges,,,N, #-------------------- # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: NA depth_mm time d18Ocoral d13Ccoral 1 8.1253 -4.542 -2.693 2 8.0837 -4.418 -2.651 3 8.042 -4.373 -2.697 4 7.992 -4.378 -2.641 5 7.942 -4.456 -2.599 6 7.892 -4.57 -2.515 7 7.842 -4.554 -2.386 8 7.792 -4.609 -2.431 9 7.742 -4.698 -1.982 10 7.692 -4.691 -1.735 11 7.642 -4.713 -1.789 12 7.592 -4.704 -1.934 13 7.542 -4.649 -1.846 14 7.492 -4.612 -2.306 15 7.442 -4.571 -1.572 16 7.392 -4.545 -1.589 17 7.342 -4.53 -1.763 18 7.292 -4.534 -1.758 19 7.242 -4.489 -2.096 20 7.192 -4.399 -2.363 21 7.142 -4.439 -2.523 22 7.092 -4.377 -2.724 23 7.042 -4.339 -2.642 24 6.9864 -4.446 -2.809 25 6.9309 -4.43 -2.591 26 6.8753 -4.412 -2.361 27 6.8198 -4.505 -2.098 28 6.7642 -4.605 -1.782 29 6.7087 -4.645 -1.627 30 6.6531 -4.534 -1.433 31 6.5976 -4.514 -1.929 32 6.542 -4.655 -1.934 33 6.4864 -4.681 -1.851 34 6.4309 -4.588 -1.705 35 6.3753 -4.572 -1.805 36 6.3198 -4.556 -1.671 37 6.2642 -4.533 -1.815 38 6.2087 -4.432 -1.857 39 6.1531 -4.489 -1.818 40 6.0976 -4.494 -2.082 41 6.042 -4.385 -2.355 42 5.9944 -4.527 -2.243 43 5.9468 -4.613 -2.152 44 5.8991 -4.513 -2.429 45 5.8515 -4.508 -2.466 46 5.8039 -4.405 -2.308 47 5.7563 -4.42 -2.094 48 5.7087 -4.455 -1.956 49 5.661 -4.527 -1.949 50 5.6134 -4.421 -1.835 51 5.5658 -4.495 -1.68 52 5.5182 -4.601 -1.652 53 5.4706 -4.624 -1.535 54 5.423 -4.681 -1.656 55 5.3753 -4.503 -1.455 56 5.3277 -4.524 -1.601 57 5.2801 -4.478 -1.808 58 5.2325 -4.443 -2.579 59 5.1849 -4.496 -1.633 60 5.1372 -4.374 -1.953 61 5.0896 -4.399 -2.036 62 5.042 -4.308 -2.459 63 4.9894 -4.392 -2.543 64 4.9367 -4.433 -1.742 65 4.8841 -4.457 -2.091 66 4.8315 -4.442 -2.133 67 4.7788 -4.553 -1.908 68 4.7262 -4.533 -1.993 69 4.6736 -4.479 -1.993 70 4.6209 -4.485 -2.26 71 4.5683 -4.565 -2.114 72 4.5157 -4.544 -1.823 73 4.4631 -4.656 -1.966 74 4.4104 -4.514 -1.798 75 4.3578 -4.546 -1.835 76 4.3052 -4.475 -2.098 77 4.2525 -4.532 -2.524 78 4.1999 -4.436 -2.42 79 4.1473 -4.379 -2.19 80 4.0946 -4.449 -2.135 81 4.042 -4.313 -2.245 82 3.992 -4.34 -2.429 83 3.942 -4.334 -2.358 84 3.892 -4.371 -2.018 85 3.842 -4.39 -1.209 86 3.792 -4.394 -0.923 87 3.742 -4.396 -1.325 88 3.692 -4.405 -1.095 89 3.642 -4.484 -1.604 90 3.592 -4.558 -1.407 91 3.542 -4.543 -1.416 92 3.492 -4.475 -1.104 93 3.442 -4.358 -1.498 94 3.392 -4.432 -2.18 95 3.342 -4.431 -2.256 96 3.292 -4.411 -2.172 97 3.242 -4.365 -2.474 98 3.192 -4.502 -2.466 99 3.142 -4.467 -2.596 100 3.092 -4.479 -2.37 101 3.042 -4.364 -2.248 102 2.9832 -4.393 -2.275 103 2.9244 -4.49 -2.04 104 2.8655 -4.575 -2.191 105 2.8067 -4.59 -1.69 106 2.7479 -4.606 -1.697 107 2.6891 -4.508 -2.003 108 2.6302 -4.478 -2.193 109 2.5714 -4.56 -2.131 110 2.5126 -4.479 -2.056 111 2.4538 -4.596 -1.821 112 2.3949 -4.473 -1.946 113 2.3361 -4.382 -1.909 114 2.2773 -4.354 -1.998 115 2.2185 -4.456 -2.142 116 2.1596 -4.421 -2.402 117 2.1008 -4.418 -2.379 118 2.042 -4.342 -2.551 119 1.9894 -4.506 -2.158 120 1.9367 -4.418 -2.385 121 1.8841 -4.373 -1.611 122 1.8315 -4.47 -2.008 123 1.7788 -4.478 -1.33 124 1.7262 -4.495 -1.528 125 1.6736 -4.514 -1.739 126 1.6209 -4.661 -1.89 127 1.5683 -4.65 -1.769 128 1.5157 -4.624 -1.701 129 1.4631 -4.679 -1.82 130 1.4104 -4.635 -1.704 131 1.3578 -4.529 -1.491 132 1.3052 -4.525 -1.582 133 1.2525 -4.458 -1.897 134 1.1999 -4.389 -2.081 135 1.1473 -4.41 -2.181 136 1.0946 -4.387 -2.367 137 1.042 -4.335 -2.066 138 1.0003 -4.507 -2.107 139 0.9587 -4.571 -1.817 140 0.917 -4.614 -1.728 141 0.8754 -4.695 -2.161 142 0.8337 -4.737 -2.215 143 0.792 -4.62 -1.64 144 0.7504 -4.63 -2.26 145 0.7087 -4.646 -1.858