Turrumote Reef, Puerto Rico Coral Stable Isotope and Geochemical Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Turrumote Reef, Puerto Rico Coral Stable Isotope and Geochemical Data LAST UPDATE: 9/2008 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Hali Kilbourne, McDaniel College IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2008-091 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Kilbourne, K.H., et al.. 2008. Turrumote Reef, Puerto Rico Coral Stable Isotope and Geochemical Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2008-091. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Kilbourne, K.H., T.M. Quinn, R. Webb, T. Guilderson, J. Nyberg, and A. Winter. 2008. Paleoclimate proxy perspective on Caribbean climate since the year 1751: Evidence of cooler temperatures and multidecadal variability. Paleoceanography, Vol. 23, PA3220, doi:10.1029/2008PA001598. ABSTRACT: Annually resolved coral d18O and Sr/Ca records from southwestern Puerto Rico are used to investigate Caribbean climate variability between 1751 and 2004 C.E. Mean surface ocean temperatures in this region have increased steadily by about 2°C since the year 1751, with Sr/Ca data indicating 2.1 ± 0.8°C and d18O data indicating 2.7 ± 0.5°C. Coral geochemical records from across the tropics demonstrate that regional variability is important for understanding climate variations at centennial time scales. A strong multidecadal salinity signal in the oxygen isotope data correlates with observed multidecadal temperature variations in the Northern Hemisphere. Instrumental wind and precipitation data indicate that the most recent coral isotopic variations are caused by expansion and contraction of the steep regional salinity gradient, forced by trade wind anomalies through meridional Ekman transport. The timing of the fluctuations suggests that the multidecadal-scale wind and surface circulation anomalies might play a role in Atlantic temperature variability and meridional overturning circulation, but further work is needed to confirm this suggestion. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Caribbean Sea PERIOD OF RECORD: 1751 - 2004 AD FUNDING SOURCES: US National Science Foundation grant OCE-0327420 and the Elsie and William Knight Oceanographic Fellowship of the University of South Florida. DESCRIPTION: Geochemical analyses from a 245cm. modern Montastraea faviolata coral core collected in August of 2004. The annual samples consist of material from one dense band and the less dense band deposited previously. They are approximately centered about January of the year with which they are labeled. Core location: Turrumote Reef (17.93457°N, 67.00123°W, ~5m water depth), offshore from La Parguera, Puerto Rico. DATA: Turrumote Reef, Puerto Rico Coral Geochemical Data Column 1: Year (centered on Jan of the year) Column 2: Annual Extension (mm) Column 3: d13C (per mil VPDB) Column 4: d18O (per mil VPDB) Column 5: Sr/Ca (mMol/Mol) Column 6: Mg/Ca (mMol/Mol) Year Ext d13C d18O Sr/Ca Mg/Ca 2004 8 -1.46 -4.57 9.024 11.697 2003 7 -1.91 -4.52 9.048 8.624 2002 8.8 -2.27 -4.72 8.997 13.397 2001 10 -2.45 -4.69 9.021 7.582 2000 7.4 -1.5 -4.36 9.103 9.434 1999 7 -1.74 -4.44 9.091 7.687 1998 9.1 -2.08 -4.56 9.112 6.048 1997 9.9 -2.26 -4.62 9.049 6.225 1996 11 -1.33 -4.43 9.074 5.99 1995 7.2 -2.39 -4.81 8.97 8.329 1994 10 -1.72 -4.49 9.028 7.55 1993 10 -2.28 -4.66 9.028 6.66 1992 13 -1.86 -4.5 8.975 7.334 1991 12 -1.67 -4.5 9.087 6.72 1990 9.5 -1.8 -4.45 9.106 6.154 1989 9.2 -1.88 -4.42 9.003 7.55 1988 9.2 -2.43 -4.54 9.004 8.065 1987 8 -1.88 -4.59 9.043 5.91 1986 12 -1.93 -4.52 9.049 6.761 1985 13.9 -1.22 -4.36 9.17 6.36 1984 8.6 -1.66 -4.44 9.087 6.09 1983 7.6 -1.48 -4.39 9.098 5.556 1982 10 -1.68 -4.46 9.062 6.464 1981 5.8 -1.17 -4.2 9.149 5.846 1980 12.8 -1.37 -4.46 9.175 5.78 1979 7.5 -2 -4.5 9.032 6.627 1978 10.4 -1.74 -4.47 9.079 6.543 1977 10.6 -1.33 -4.37 9.146 5.646 1976 10 -2.1 -4.48 9.044 6.37 1975 8.8 -1.5 -4.17 9.107 6.403 1974 9.1 -1.64 -4.24 9.087 7.116 1973 10 -1.81 -4.26 9.055 7.667 1972 7.2 -1.74 -4.18 9.089 9.67 1971 6.5 -1.53 -4.14 9.075 7.221 1970 6.8 -0.96 -4.07 9.194 6.696 1969 8.8 -1.4 -4.13 9.19 6.438 1968 8.7 -1.41 -4.27 9.173 5.986 1967 8.7 -1.47 -4.37 9.092 8.074 1966 8.3 -1.65 -4.31 9.078 7.349 1965 7.1 9.138 9.044 1964 9 -0.69 -4.21 9.178 6.87 1963 8 -1.4 -4.23 9.196 5.709 1962 9.2 -1.24 -4.25 9.156 6.156 1961 9.5 -1.55 -4.24 9.153 7.991 1960 9 -0.89 -4.19 9.173 5.665 1959 15 -1.74 -4.29 9.076 7.042 1958 14 -1.29 -4.25 9.156 7.829 1957 10.5 -1.33 -4.32 9.057 7.209 1956 8.5 -0.39 -4.15 9.194 5.819 1955 6.75 -0.83 -4.36 9.13 6.287 1954 5.5 -1.5 -4.41 9.042 6.753 1953 7.75 -1.4 -4.41 9.06 6.72 1952 6 -1.37 -4.39 9.02 6.202 1951 7.5 -1.69 -4.4 9.032 6.503 1950 8.5 -1.02 -4.37 9.119 5.604 1949 8.5 -1.13 -4.42 9.05 5.918 1948 8 -1.56 -4.43 9.049 6.269 1947 9 -0.77 -4.3 9.148 5.863 1946 7.7 -1.33 -4.31 9.059 7.294 1945 10.5 -0.83 -4.26 9.121 5.698 1944 7 -0.73 -4.17 9.169 5.83 1943 7.9 -0.8 -4.36 9.049 6.032 1942 10 -1.25 -4.38 9.086 6.356 1941 8.25 -1.02 -4.31 9.057 7.115 1940 10.5 -1.52 -4.18 9.056 6.883 1939 7 -1.2 -4.33 9.06 6.716 1938 7.4 -1.08 -4.4 9.094 6.758 1937 7.75 -0.92 -4.23 9.132 6.017 1936 8 -0.88 -4.27 9.157 5.931 1935 8.5 -1.2 -4.37 9.126 6.759 1934 8 -1.11 -4.25 9.129 7.251 1933 7.2 -1.05 -4.41 9.113 5.65 1932 8 -1.31 -4.58 9.116 6.138 1931 7.3 -0.91 -4.2 9.17 6.222 1930 6.6 -0.99 -4.29 9.157 7.692 1929 7.4 -0.96 -4.15 9.184 6.676 1928 6.6 -1.42 -4.44 9.131 7.612 1927 7 -1.18 -4.35 9.092 6.038 1926 6.7 -1.99 -4.45 9.038 6.374 1925 5.2 -1.71 -4.3 9.099 8.103 1924 7 -1.8 -4.31 9.086 8.902 1923 6.7 -1.49 -4.09 9.079 7.892 1922 7.8 -1.07 -4.03 9.138 5.842 1921 5.5 -0.96 -4.15 9.132 5.909 1920 8 -1.36 -4.17 1919 6.2 -0.92 -4.16 9.155 5.585 1918 8 -0.77 -4.02 9.138 5.892 1917 5.2 -1.27 -4.15 9.084 6.878 1916 6 -1.39 -4.28 9.059 5.434 1915 8 -1 -4.33 9.134 5.17 1914 8.6 -1.14 -4.31 9.117 5.433 1913 7.7 -1 -4.19 9.153 5.075 1912 8 -1.27 -4.33 9.116 5.042 1911 7 -0.81 -4.18 9.111 5.515 1910 8 -0.97 -4.33 9.114 5.582 1909 7.4 -1.02 -4.12 9.125 5.753 1908 8.2 -1.16 -4.1 9.154 5.62 1907 10 -1.23 -4.26 9.095 5.884 1906 8 -1.13 -4.18 9.087 6.112 1905 8.4 -1.04 -4.06 9.079 5.671 1904 7.8 -1.29 -4.09 9.032 6.546 1903 7.1 -1.08 -4.22 9.07 6.116 1902 9.4 -1.16 -4 9.101 6.079 1901 10 -1.26 -4.3 9.091 5.873 1900 6.9 -1.1 -4.21 9.087 5.699 1899 7.4 -0.74 -4.25 9.107 5.444 1898 6 -0.74 -4.35 9.066 5.635 1897 6.5 -0.46 -4.18 9.139 5.107 1896 6.6 -0.31 -4.1 9.107 5.373 1895 8 -0.6 -4.05 9.132 5.455 1894 7.6 -1.19 -4.24 9.074 5.981 1893 6.5 -0.85 -4.2 9.1 5.304 1892 7.3 -0.75 -4.16 9.129 5.6 1891 7.3 -0.48 -4.09 9.166 5.553 1890 9 -1.36 -4.4 9.072 6.029 1889 8 -1.38 -4.3 9.043 6.96 1888 8.3 -1.28 -4.19 9.045 7.251 1887 8 -0.93 -4.24 9.098 5.684 1886 7 -0.59 -4.24 9.154 5.171 1885 7.3 -1.02 -4.17 9.122 5.125 1884 8.8 -1.38 -4.53 9.086 5.424 1883 8 -1.1 -4.4 9.119 5.559 1882 8 -1.19 -4.33 9.107 5.564 1881 7 -0.99 -4.18 9.093 6.101 1880 6 -0.94 -4.31 9.07 6.134 1879 6 -0.97 -4.34 9.183 5.288 1878 5.7 -1.68 -4.52 9.106 5.459 1877 6.4 -0.49 -4.36 9.141 5.304 1876 6.7 -0.61 -4.37 9.131 5.582 1875 7.3 -1.09 -4.37 9.096 5.869 1874 9.3 -1.05 -4.32 9.132 5.665 1873 8.3 -1 -4.28 9.112 5.911 1872 7.2 -0.39 -4.1 9.177 5.226 1871 7.6 -1.43 -4.28 9.04 6.804 1870 6.2 -1.4 -4.39 9.07 5.738 1869 7 -1.05 -4.36 9.135 6.418 1868 8 -0.96 -4.06 9.126 6.932 1867 7.8 -0.41 -4.1 9.182 5.571 1866 8 -0.69 -4.25 9.164 5 1865 6.6 -0.93 -4.15 9.149 4.958 1864 7.5 -1.06 -4.23 9.182 6.207 1863 7.7 -1.35 -4.21 9.118 6.955 1862 7.2 -0.91 -4.12 9.107 5.889 1861 8.6 -0.71 -4.04 9.121 6.05 1860 7.2 -1.41 -4.13 9.089 5.877 1859 6.6 -0.72 -4.12 9.158 5.475 1858 8.6 -0.97 -4.04 9.141 5.627 1857 8.8 -1.4 -4.29 9.096 6.155 1856 7 -0.94 -4.16 9.165 5.154 1855 7 -0.74 -4.31 9.18 4.41 1854 8 -0.51 -4.15 9.198 4.538 1853 6.5 -0.38 -3.9 9.099 4.892 1852 7.4 -1.13 -4.27 9.112 4.993 1851 7 -1.27 -4.19 9.15 5.065 1850 7.3 -0.53 -3.94 9.181 4.709 1849 9.6 -1.28 -4.25 9.106 4.86 1848 7.5 -0.61 -4.11 9.206 4.665 1847 7.3 -1.3 -4.21 9.126 4.94 1846 6.7 -1.03 -4.25 9.144 4.79 1845 7.2 -0.28 -3.98 9.217 4.55 1844 8.4 -1.04 -4.2 9.103 4.974 1843 7.5 -0.34 -4.09 9.168 4.691 1842 8 -1.43 -4.37 9.086 5.116 1841 8.4 -1.52 -4.23 9.105 5.421 1840 7.5 -1.75 -4.3 9.055 5.139 1839 8 -0.91 -4.11 9.141 5.291 1838 6.6 -0.89 -4.09 9.142 4.803 1837 6.9 -1.19 -4.17 9.1 4.839 1836 6.9 -0.4 -4.08 9.151 4.657 1835 8.6 -0.75 -4.16 9.133 4.62 1834 9 -0.86 -4.08 9.146 4.784 1833 6 -0.89 -4.12 9.15 4.633 1832 7.3 -0.87 -4.17 9.112 4.79 1831 9 -1.28 -4.27 9.11 4.822 1830 7.7 -1.63 -4.19 9.095 5.16 1829 7.5 -1.04 -4.1 9.104 4.83 1828 8.9 -1.08 -4.44 9.089 4.889 1827 7.6 -0.89 -4.08 9.149 5.105 1826 8 -1.15 -4.12 9.132 4.806 1825 8 -0.77 -3.97 9.184 4.81 1824 8 -1.1 -4.19 9.127 5.129 1823 8 -1.11 -4.12 9.16 4.98 1822 7.7 -1.02 -4.15 9.193 4.951 1821 8.6 -0.89 -4.1 9.153 4.833 1820 7.2 -0.49 -4.18 9.226 4.706 1819 7.2 -0.5 -4.21 9.229 4.458 1818 7.2 -0.74 -4.32 9.203 4.484 1817 7.2 -1.14 -4.16 9.14 4.751 1816 9.3 -0.86 -4.28 9.131 4.803 1815 7.5 -0.8 -4.27 9.141 5.251 1814 8.8 -1.12 -4.28 9.155 4.95 1813 9.2 -0.9 -4.16 9.131 4.964 1812 8.5 -0.82 -4.4 9.09 4.953 1811 8.6 -0.72 -4.16 9.129 4.982 1810 10 -1.25 -4.6 9.075 4.963 1809 8 -0.91 -4.23 9.106 4.977 1808 8 -0.46 -4.26 9.163 4.597 1807 8 -0.86 -4.16 9.142 4.714 1806 8.6 -0.76 -4.15 9.116 4.761 1805 7.7 -1.13 -4.46 9.081 4.852 1804 8 -1.04 -4.23 9.142 4.778 1803 8.9 -0.76 -4.07 9.127 4.927 1802 7.5 -1.16 -3.9 9.166 5.112 1801 6.5 -1.34 -4.2 9.119 5.116 1800 5.6 -0.15 -3.86 9.199 4.775 1799 6.2 -0.52 -3.92 9.156 4.814 1798 8.8 -0.97 -3.9 9.15 5.046 1797 7.7 -0.7 -3.89 9.208 4.761 1796 5.4 -0.73 -3.83 9.175 4.794 1795 6.4 -1.42 -4.14 9.121 4.905 1794 7.4 -1.64 -4.19 9.08 5.032 1793 6.7 -1.08 -4.01 9.219 4.445 1792 6.7 -1.12 -3.86 9.158 4.639 1791 6.2 -0.24 -3.7 9.212 4.386 1790 6.2 -1.16 -3.99 9.136 4.693 1789 8 -1.57 -3.95 9.15 4.871 1788 8.5 -0.75 -3.73 9.204 4.503 1787 6.5 -0.71 -3.79 9.226 4.345 1786 8 -1.37 -3.83 9.187 4.573 1785 6.3 -1.06 -3.94 9.187 4.451 1784 8 -0.49 -3.96 9.219 4.383 1783 6 -1.01 -3.86 9.177 4.894 1782 6 -1.22 -4.05 9.144 4.535 1781 6 -1.02 -3.87 9.2 4.319 1780 9.4 -2.18 -4.01 9.155 4.256 1779 6.9 -1.78 -3.62 9.158 4.155 1778 6.7 -0.47 -3.65 9.261 3.726 1777 7.2 -1.4 -4.04 9.151 4.026 1776 7.2 -1.69 -4.12 9.123 4.143 1775 6.5 -2.31 -4.15 9.106 4.272 1774 8 -1.75 -4.38 9.072 4.352 1773 8 -1.26 -4.16 9.187 3.952 1772 6.6 -0.83 -4 9.115 4.137 1771 6 -0.73 -4.13 9.12 4.508 1770 9.3 -1.53 -4.04 9.225 4.832 1769 6.8 -0.43 -3.74 9.189 4.336 1768 5.1 -0.64 -3.91 9.163 4.47 1767 5 -1.24 -4.34 9.141 4.416 1766 5.6 -1.47 -4.38 9.065 4.652 1765 6.6 -0.97 -4.35 9.159 4.155 1764 7 -1.38 -4.3 9.151 4.103 1763 8 -1.83 -3.99 9.113 4.446 1762 9 -1.92 -4.08 9.102 4.479 1761 5.8 -1.62 -4.22 9.125 4.171 1760 5.7 -1.45 -3.96 9.178 3.876 1759 8 -1.46 -3.83 9.136 4.193 1758 10 -1.62 -4.01 9.167 4.107 1757 6.6 -1.76 -3.95 9.1 4.34 1756 8 -1.25 -3.95 9.145 4.024 1755 9.3 -1.39 -3.86 9.166 4.123 1754 8.7 -1.69 -4.06 9.15 4.105 1753 9.5 -2.32 -4.23 9.114 4.473 1752 7.2 -1.56 -3.97 9.14 4.285 1751 6 -1.81 -3.86 9.196 4.176