Caribbean Sclerosponge Oxygen Isotope and Sr/Ca Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE CONTRIBUTORS WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Caribbean Sclerosponge Oxygen Isotope and Sr/Ca Data LAST UPDATE: 10/2003 (Original Receipt by WDCA Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Alexandra Haase-Schramm, Florian Böhm, Anton Eisenhauer, Wolf-Christian Dullo, Michael M. Joachimski, Bent Hansen, Joachim Reitner IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2003-076 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Haase-Schramm, A., et al., 2003, Caribbean Sclerosponge Oxygen Isotope and Sr/Ca Data , IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series #2003-076. NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Haase-Schramm, A., F. Böhm, A. Eisenhauer, W.-C. Dullo, M.M. Joachimski, B. Hansen, and J. Reitner, 2003, Sr/Ca ratios and oxygen isotopes from sclerosponges: Temperature history of the Caribbean mixed layer and thermocline during the Little Ice Age, Paleoceanography, Vol. 18, No. 3, 1073, doi:10.1029/2002PA000830. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Caribbean Sea PERIOD OF RECORD: 1344 to 1991 AD LIST OF FILES: montego_bay_2003.txt, pedro_bank_2003.txt DESCRIPTION: Sr/Ca and oxygen isotope values (VPDB) were measured on aragonitic skeletons of sclerosponges Ceratoporella nicholsoni. Sr/Ca values were measured with ICP-AES with external reproducibility of 0.6% (2sem). External precision for d18O is 0.07 permil (2sd). Age model is based on U/Th dating with average error of 3%. sample Ce96: Montego Bay, Jamaica: 18°28’N, 77°57’W ; 20 mbsl ABSTRACT: We investigate aragonitic skeletons of the Caribbean sclerosponge Ceratoporella nicholsoni from Jamaica, 20 m below sea level (mbsl), and Pedro Bank, 125 mbsl. We use d18O and Sr/Ca ratios as temperature proxies to reconstruct the Caribbean mixed layer and thermocline temperature history since 1400 A.D. with a decadal time resolution. Our age models are based on U/Th dating and locating of the radiocarbon bomb spike. The modern temperature difference between the two sites is used to tentatively calibrate the C. nicholsoni Sr/Ca thermometer. The resulting calibration points to a temperature sensitivity of Sr/Ca in C. nicholsoni aragonite of about -0.1 mmol/mol/K. Our Sr/Ca records reveal a pronounced warming from the early 19th to the late 20th century, both at 20 and 125 mbsl. Two temperature minima in the shallow water record during the late 17th and early 19th century correspond to the Maunder and Dalton sunspot minima, respectively. Another major cooling occurred in the late 16th century and is not correlatable with a sunspot minimum. The temperature contrast between the two sites decreased from the 14th century to a minimum in the late 17th century and subsequently increased to modern values in the early 19th century. This is interpreted as a long-term deepening and subsequent shoaling of the Caribbean thermocline. The major trends of the Sr/Ca records are reproduced in both specimens but hardly reflected in the d18O records. DATA: 1. Sclerosponge Ce96 Oxygen Isotope Data Year d18O A.D. (% PDB) 1991 -0.91 1986 -0.79 1982 -0.88 1976 -0.82 1971 -0.72 1967 -0.77 1960 -0.91 1954 -0.89 1947 -0.87 1940 -0.85 1932 -0.78 1926 -0.78 1921 -0.89 1915 -0.86 1909 -0.87 1904 -0.78 1899 -0.87 1893 -0.82 1888 -0.82 1883 -0.84 1878 -0.94 1873 -0.84 1869 -0.83 1864 -0.82 1864 -0.81 1860 -0.87 1855 -0.91 1850 -0.74 1845 -0.87 1840 -0.80 1834 -0.71 1830 -0.68 1826 -0.73 1821 -0.66 1817 -0.68 1813 -0.68 1808 -0.65 1805 -0.95 1800 -0.73 1795 -0.77 1784 -0.61 1780 -0.67 1775 -0.79 1770 -0.68 1765 -0.71 1761 -0.76 1756 -0.78 1754 -0.75 1747 -0.67 1744 -0.76 1739 -0.74 1735 -0.77 1730 -0.79 1726 -0.78 1722 -0.84 1718 -0.72 1714 -0.78 1705 -0.80 1705 -0.75 1701 -0.78 1698 -0.80 1694 -0.78 1690 -0.81 1686 -0.81 1682 -0.76 1682 -0.73 1677 -0.82 1674 -0.75 1671 -0.84 1667 -0.82 1663 -0.77 1660 -0.76 1656 -0.69 1654 -0.81 1650 -0.73 1646 -0.81 1643 -0.70 1639 -0.73 1636 -0.68 1633 -0.77 1630 -0.81 1627 -0.77 1624 -0.67 1624 -0.74 1622 -0.73 1621 -0.81 1618 -0.76 1618 -0.74 1616 -0.81 1614 -0.74 1612 -0.72 1612 -0.76 1610 -0.68 1609 -0.72 1606 -0.67 1605 -0.74 1603 -0.75 1600 -0.76 1597 -0.77 1594 -0.85 1591 -0.75 1589 -0.73 1585 -0.82 1582 -0.74 1580 -0.81 1577 -0.87 1575 -0.76 1572 -0.84 1570 -0.79 1567 -0.81 1565 -0.86 1562 -0.81 1559 -0.76 1555 -0.87 1551 -0.81 1548 -0.78 1546 -0.79 1544 -0.88 1541 -0.89 1537 -0.86 1535 -0.74 1532 -0.85 1529 -0.84 1527 -0.80 1524 -0.83 1520 -0.87 1517 -0.86 1514 -0.82 1510 -0.80 1510 -0.76 1508 -0.78 1505 -0.82 1503 -0.88 1503 -0.88 1500 -0.94 1496 -0.87 1493 -0.90 1490 -0.91 1486 -0.87 1483 -0.78 1480 -0.85 1477 -0.75 1475 -0.81 1472 -0.78 1469 -0.79 1466 -0.72 1466 -0.77 1463 -0.78 1460 -0.78 1457 -0.81 1454 -0.80 1451 -0.78 1447 -0.78 1447 -0.71 1445 -0.72 1445 -0.71 1441 -0.67 1438 -0.77 1436 -0.77 1433 -0.86 1430 -0.73 1427 -0.83 1425 -0.78 1421 -0.81 1418 -0.73 1416 -0.82 1412 -0.82 1409 -0.85 1405 -0.76 1402 -0.87 1399 -0.76 1395 -0.92 1393 -0.79 1390 -0.83 1386 -0.82 1383 -0.85 1380 -0.81 1377 -0.86 1372 -0.84 1369 -0.84 1365 -0.86 1361 -0.83 1356 -0.84 1353 -0.86 1348 -0.81 1344 -0.85 2. Sclerosponge Ce96 Sr/Ca Data Sr/Ca in mmol/mol Age Sr/Ca error (2 sem) 1356 9.744 0.016 1361 9.661 0.029 1365 9.639 0.032 1369 9.672 0.046 1372 9.675 0.074 1377 9.615 0.034 1380 9.681 0.025 1383 9.683 0.088 1386 9.686 0.048 1390 9.556 0.089 1393 9.723 0.050 1395 9.673 0.021 1399 9.621 0.022 1402 9.682 0.043 1405 9.728 0.067 1409 9.741 0.042 1412 9.720 0.246 1416 9.698 0.089 1418 9.765 0.120 1421 9.701 0.040 1425 9.599 0.118 1427 9.638 0.032 1430 9.754 0.038 1433 9.625 0.078 1436 9.673 0.059 1438 9.670 0.051 1441 9.699 0.036 1445 9.684 0.076 1447 9.687 0.041 1451 9.699 0.026 1454 9.688 0.033 1457 9.625 0.046 1460 9.642 0.051 1466 9.606 0.031 1469 9.672 0.036 1472 9.577 0.021 1475 9.638 0.042 1477 9.669 0.023 1480 9.568 0.059 1483 9.569 0.048 1486 9.597 0.034 1490 9.785 0.016 1491 9.642 0.045 1493 9.650 0.064 1496 9.698 0.046 1500 9.658 0.046 1503 9.589 0.054 1508 9.669 0.045 1508 9.664 0.036 1510 9.758 0.003 1514 9.646 0.050 1517 9.642 0.084 1520 9.683 0.035 1524 9.626 0.014 1527 9.594 0.035 1529 9.691 0.034 1532 9.595 0.037 1535 9.667 0.095 1537 9.602 0.035 1539 9.683 0.050 1542 9.680 0.067 1545 9.701 0.048 1547 9.611 0.025 1551 9.650 0.028 1555 9.592 0.039 1559 9.624 0.041 1562 9.646 0.058 1565 9.740 0.036 1567 9.698 0.012 1570 9.784 0.055 1572 9.789 0.012 1575 9.761 0.017 1577 9.787 0.085 1580 9.740 0.022 1582 9.730 0.060 1585 9.738 0.010 1589 9.770 0.051 1591 9.666 0.012 1594 9.703 0.025 1597 9.742 0.046 1600 9.762 0.044 1603 9.787 0.024 1605 9.751 0.028 1610 9.805 0.053 1614 9.756 0.021 1616 9.828 0.116 1616 9.798 0.030 1616 9.557 0.075 1618 9.851 0.055 1618 9.724 0.054 1618 9.668 0.063 1621 9.753 0.021 1622 9.624 0.060 1622 9.539 0.095 1624 9.792 0.018 1624 9.741 0.051 1624 9.737 0.041 1627 9.807 0.039 1627 9.722 0.055 1627 9.724 0.079 1630 9.701 0.038 1631 9.731 0.040 1631 9.722 0.044 1633 9.672 0.078 1634 9.797 0.066 1634 9.670 0.071 1636 9.731 0.025 1636 9.682 0.040 1636 9.677 0.055 1639 9.780 0.051 1639 9.739 0.055 1639 9.757 0.056 1642 9.758 0.009 1642 9.756 0.073 1643 9.782 0.027 1646 9.778 0.074 1650 9.824 0.117 1650 9.770 0.065 1654 9.656 0.057 1656 9.845 0.049 1656 9.735 0.062 1660 9.773 0.070 1660 9.681 0.082 1663 9.750 0.068 1663 9.769 0.017 1667 9.529 0.040 1667 9.608 0.092 1671 9.792 0.024 1671 9.704 0.074 1674 9.902 0.064 1674 9.750 0.016 1677 9.861 0.133 1677 9.732 0.054 1682 9.836 0.050 1682 9.687 0.075 1686 9.792 0.110 1686 9.758 0.076 1690 9.980 0.072 1690 9.820 0.046 1690 9.759 0.026 1694 9.826 0.128 1694 9.789 0.039 1698 9.798 0.026 1701 9.832 0.178 1705 9.767 0.201 1709 9.827 0.118 1714 9.704 0.026 1718 9.704 0.077 1722 9.769 0.027 1726 9.806 0.117 1730 9.650 0.093 1735 9.811 0.170 1739 9.779 0.075 1739 9.662 0.034 1744 9.735 0.148 1747 9.564 0.047 1754 9.751 0.059 1756 9.763 0.172 1765 9.702 0.097 1780 9.620 0.102 1780 9.787 0.046 1784 9.706 0.030 1784 9.840 0.048 1795 9.797 0.233 1800 9.827 0.081 1805 9.878 0.082 1808 9.887 0.067 1813 9.874 0.065 1817 9.902 0.039 1821 9.685 0.078 1830 9.820 0.082 1834 9.761 0.021 1840 9.849 0.057 1845 9.727 0.057 1850 9.810 0.076 1855 9.630 0.041 1860 9.729 0.044 1864 9.640 0.034 1869 9.712 0.051 1873 9.702 0.030 1878 9.668 0.071 1883 9.541 0.054 1888 9.755 0.041 1893 9.665 0.054 1899 9.658 0.020 1904 9.774 0.054 1909 9.728 0.068 1915 9.603 0.006 1921 9.604 0.030 1926 9.696 0.063 1932 9.435 0.053 1940 9.618 0.017 1947 9.468 0.059 1954 9.267 0.030 1957 9.536 0.056 1960 9.584 0.079 1962 9.483 0.028 1967 9.518 0.042 1967 9.500 0.039 1971 9.518 0.051 1971 9.431 0.044 1975 9.540 0.034 1982 9.520 0.053 1986 9.494 0.072 1991 9.525 0.068