La Parguera, Puerto Rico Coral Isotope Data and LIA SST Reconstruction ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCES WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: La Parguera, Puerto Rico Coral Isotope Data and LIA SST Reconstruction LAST UPDATE: 9/2002 (Original Receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTOR: Amos Winter, Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2002-062 SUGGESTED DATA CITATION: Winter, A., et al., 2002, La Parguera, Puerto Rico Coral Isotope Data and LIA SST Reconstruction. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center-A for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series #2002-062. NOAA/NGDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Winter, A., T. Oba, H. Ishioroshi, T. Watanabe, and J. Christy, 2000. Tropical sea surface temperatures: two-to-three degrees cooler than present during the Little Ice Age. Geophys. Research Letters, 27 (20): 3365-3368. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Puerto Rico, Caribbean Sea PERIOD OF RECORD: 1700-1989 A.D. ABSTRACT: We determined the seasonal environmental conditions during the Little Ice Age (LIA) by interpreting isotope proxies in the coral skeleton of Montastrea faveolata from the northeast Caribbean. The oxygen isotope composition was determined for three time intervals during the LIA (1700-1705, 1780-1785, 1810-1815), thought to correspond to the coldest intervals. The period 1984-1989 was used to represent modern calibration conditions. We determined that SSTs from the LIA intervals are nearly 2-3C cooler than present. LIA cooling in the Caribbean may have resulted from regional oceanic and atmospheric circulation differences, especially in winter. We propose that a trough of cold air from the north Atlantic may have extended farther south than present, into the northern Caribbean. Although there are indications from Pacific corals that seasonality was greater during the LIA, this does not seem to be the case for the Caribbean. DESCRIPTION: Puerto Rico Coral Oxygen Isotope Data and LIA SST Reconstruction Corals and modern SST data collected at the University of Puerto Rico marine station, La Parguera, 17 55'N, 64 00'W, Water Depth 7m. M. faveolata colonies used in this study are situated on the southwestern shore of Puerto Rico. Two coral heads both located at 7m water depth adjacent to each other were used in this study. One was used to obtain modern isotope data (1984-1989) and the other was used to obtain isotope data from the Little Ice Age. The cores were hydraulically drilled on June 2, 1994 and subsequently slabbed and x-rayed to reveal high density (HD) and low density (LD) banding. The distance between HD bands was approximately 10 mm per year. Each LD-HD band couplet represents one year of growth and chronology was determined by counting number of couplets starting with the top layer, which represented the year 1994. Samples for isotopic analysis were extracted from the slabs by the method of Watanabe and Oba, 2000. Isotope values are reported vs PDB, and water temperature values are in degrees C. DATA: 1700-1705 AD: Distance(mm) d180 error d13C error T 0.45 -3.59 0.022 -0.63 0.025 22.03 0.75 -3.85 0.021 -0.69 0.011 23.17 1.65 -4.06 0.011 -0.42 0.007 24.15 2.25 -4.02 0.021 -0.54 0.008 23.93 3.15 -3.96 0.021 -0.8 0.016 23.69 3.75 -3.98 0.018 -0.75 0.014 23.77 4.65 -4.1 0.028 -0.73 0.008 24.32 5.25 -4.09 0.022 -0.49 0.01 24.28 6.15 -4.37 0.013 -0.97 0.008 25.53 6.45 -4.39 0.013 -1.05 0.011 25.64 6.75 -4.42 0.024 -1.27 0.014 25.78 7.05 -4.41 0.027 -1.19 0.015 25.69 7.35 -4.31 0.026 -1.12 0.01 25.26 7.65 -4.23 0.017 -1.24 0.018 24.89 8.25 -4.01 0.023 -1.24 0.014 23.9 9.15 -3.98 0.013 -0.89 0.013 23.75 9.45 -3.81 0.026 -0.73 0.013 23.01 9.75 -3.67 0.017 -0.49 0.016 22.39 9.9 -3.83 0.024 -0.69 0.017 23.08 10.05 -3.71 0.012 -0.68 0.01 22.56 10.35 -3.77 0.025 -0.69 0.016 22.82 10.65 -0.87 0.009 10.95 -3.8 0.012 -0.63 0.016 22.97 11.25 -0.82 0.015 11.55 -3.79 0.02 -0.5 0.005 22.9 11.85 -3.86 0.017 -0.48 0.016 23.21 12 -3.9 0.033 -0.63 0.017 23.41 12.15 -0.17 0.016 12.45 -3.79 0.029 -0.48 0.013 22.93 12.75 -4.01 0.021 -0.6 0.011 23.91 13.65 -4.26 0.026 -0.89 0.014 25.05 14.25 -4.39 0.022 -0.97 0.015 25.62 14.4 -4.13 0.015 -0.48 0.015 24.45 14.55 -4.1 0.021 -0.41 0.009 24.3 14.85 -4.12 0.02 -0.28 0.009 24.42 15 -4.28 0.027 -0.33 0.015 25.13 15.15 -4.31 0.015 -0.55 0.01 25.28 15.45 -4.43 0.022 -0.94 0.014 25.82 15.6 -4.43 0.023 -0.93 0.15 25.82 15.75 -4.62 0.012 -1.31 0.09 26.68 15.9 -4.54 0.013 -1.2 0.008 26.31 16.05 -4.53 0.019 -1.28 0.017 26.25 16.35 -4.49 0.027 -1.17 0.014 26.07 16.65 -4.2 0.022 -0.91 0.017 24.78 17.25 -3.93 0.014 -0.87 0.012 23.52 18.15 -3.93 0.022 -0.96 0.013 23.55 18.75 -3.69 0.017 -0.85 0.013 22.47 19.05 -3.66 0.026 -0.81 0.008 22.33 19.35 -3.67 0.018 -0.57 0.011 22.38 19.65 -3.73 0.021 -0.47 0.011 22.64 19.95 -3.75 0.021 -0.5 0.014 22.75 20.25 -3.65 0.029 -0.15 0.008 22.29 20.55 -3.75 0.022 -0.54 0.011 22.72 20.85 -3.8 0.024 -0.68 0.007 22.95 21.15 -3.74 0.016 -0.08 0.01 22.7 21.75 -3.91 0.019 -0.2 0.03 23.45 22.65 -4.16 0.01 24.6 22.95 -4.06 0.027 -0.89 0.015 24.13 23.25 -4.13 0.022 24.45 23.55 -4.14 0.02 -0.24 0.013 24.48 23.85 -4.07 0.023 -0.47 0.011 24.18 24.15 -4.27 0.025 25.08 24.45 -4.26 0.011 -0.73 0.016 25.01 24.75 -4.39 0.02 -1.23 0.012 25.61 24.9 25.05 -4.42 0.023 -0.98 0.011 25.76 25.35 -4.38 0.028 -1.15 0.011 25.56 25.5 -4.34 0.034 -1.33 0.01 25.41 25.65 -4.47 0.028 26 25.8 -4.3 0.016 -1.12 0.01 25.22 25.95 -4.25 0.018 -1.19 0.008 24.99 26.25 -4.07 0.03 -1.11 0.01 24.17 27.15 -3.99 0.022 -1.04 0.005 23.81 27.75 -3.85 0.032 -1.08 0.005 23.2 28.05 -3.9 0.016 -1.03 0.009 23.42 28.35 -3.82 0.022 -0.95 0.012 23.04 28.65 -3.68 0.017 -0.7 0.007 22.4 28.95 -3.76 0.027 -0.53 0.017 22.77 29.25 -3.71 0.01 -0.57 0.01 22.53 29.55 -3.7 0.014 -0.52 0.014 22.49 29.85 -3.74 0.018 -0.48 0.014 22.7 30.15 -3.75 0.017 -0.6 0.012 22.72 30.45 -3.86 0.026 -0.77 0.015 23.24 30.75 -3.97 0.019 -0.95 0.011 23.73 31.65 -4.07 0.02 -0.96 0.009 24.19 31.95 -3.95 0.024 -0.5 0.011 23.65 32.25 -4.1 0.023 -0.98 0.014 24.3 32.55 -4.01 0.027 -1.03 0.011 23.92 32.85 -4.1 0.027 -1.05 0.01 24.3 33.15 -3.89 0.028 -0.71 0.018 23.38 33.45 -3.98 0.021 -0.26 0.013 23.77 33.75 -4.01 0.015 -0.1 0.011 23.91 34.05 -4.2 0.008 -0.4 0.01 24.77 34.35 -4.32 0.017 -0.8 0.009 25.29 34.5 -4.38 0.017 -1.26 0.018 25.57 34.65 -4.42 0.017 -1.18 0.014 25.78 34.8 -4.48 0.021 -1.28 0.017 26.04 34.95 -4.42 0.033 -1.38 0.014 25.75 35.25 -4.26 0.018 -1.58 0.012 25.02 36.15 -3.99 0.013 -1.57 0.008 23.81 36.75 -3.9 0.023 -1.37 0.015 23.39 37.65 -3.81 0.012 -1.08 0.021 23 37.8 -4.2 0.019 -1.12 0.01 24.76 37.95 -4.02 0.015 -1.18 0.006 23.95 38.25 -3.87 0.026 -1.06 0.021 23.25 38.55 -3.82 0.027 -0.98 0.015 23.04 38.85 -3.67 0.031 -0.72 0.014 22.38 39.15 -3.75 0.022 -0.82 0.016 22.75 39.45 -3.67 0.018 -0.66 0.01 22.37 39.75 -3.76 0.027 -0.69 0.017 22.77 40.05 -3.75 0.023 -0.77 0.008 22.74 40.35 -3.94 0.023 -0.81 0.012 23.58 40.65 -3.9 0.029 -1.14 0.011 23.4 40.95 -3.81 0.023 -1.04 0.009 23 41.25 -3.77 0.024 -0.85 0.005 22.8 41.55 -3.84 0.025 -0.8 0.013 23.13 42.15 -3.93 0.021 -0.87 0.007 23.53 42.75 -4.02 0.023 -1.22 0.013 23.97 43.5 -4.1 0.015 -1.39 0.016 24.31 43.95 -4.47 0.031 -1.23 0.024 25.97 44.1 -4.09 0.022 -1.02 0.009 24.26 44.25 -4.13 0.024 -1.25 0.018 24.43 44.55 -4.09 0.017 -0.91 0.011 24.26 44.7 -3.98 0.023 -0.73 0.015 23.75 44.85 -3.9 0.032 -0.2 0.016 23.39 45 -4.09 0.023 -0.41 0.013 24.26 45.15 -4.13 0.016 -0.4 0.015 24.44 45.3 -3.99 0.032 -0.16 0.025 23.79 45.45 -4.15 0.018 -1.46 0.016 24.54 45.6 -4.2 0.039 24.76 45.75 -4.19 0.034 -1.26 0.01 24.74 45.9 -4.21 0.034 -1.24 0.019 24.82 46.05 -4.31 0.026 25.25 46.2 -4.13 0.014 -1.23 0.011 24.46 46.65 -4.03 0.029 -1.34 0.012 23.99 47.25 -4.05 0.026 -1.41 0.01 24.08 47.85 -3.83 0.023 -1.03 0.016 23.07 48.15 -3.76 0.016 -1.08 0.015 22.76 48.45 -3.8 0.033 -0.98 0.009 22.97 48.75 -3.8 0.021 -1.15 0.015 22.96 49.05 -3.63 0.027 -1.06 0.011 22.19 49.35 -3.69 0.028 -1.04 0.016 22.47 49.65 -3.78 0.028 -1.13 0.007 22.87 50.25 -3.78 0.016 -1.05 0.014 22.87 50.55 -3.74 0.03 -0.82 0.019 22.69 50.85 -3.78 0.022 -0.65 0.022 22.86 51.15 -3.72 0.019 -0.67 0.01 22.61 51.45 -3.85 0.029 -0.92 0.014 23.18 51.75 -3.86 0.026 -1.06 0.016 23.21 52.65 -3.97 0.02 -1.3 0.007 23.72 53.25 -4.03 0.033 -1.07 0.01 24 54.15 -4.07 0.029 -1.18 0.017 24.17 1780-1785 AD: Distance(mm) d18O Error d13C Error T 1.65 -4.35 0.02 -1.441 0.008 25.66 1.95 -3.63 0.03 -0.92 0.01 22.39 2.25 -3.98 0.03 -1.19 0.012 23.97 3.15 -3.79 0.01 -0.8 0.016 23.13 3.45 -3.64 0.02 -0.73 0.023 22.46 3.75 -3.53 0.01 -0.61 0.01 21.97 4.65 -3.67 0.03 -0.61 0.011 22.57 4.95 -3.18 0.01 -0.32 0.008 20.36 5.25 -3.34 0.02 -0.5 0.015 21.08 5.55 -3.75 0.01 -0.59 0.019 22.93 6.15 -3.76 0.01 -0.53 0.009 23 6.75 -3.84 0.01 -0.71 0.007 23.34 7.65 -3.89 0.02 -0.81 0.017 23.6 8.25 -3.9 0.02 -1.18 0.007 23.65 9.15 -3.92 0.03 -0.7 0.012 23.73 9.45 -3.82 0.02 -0.68 0.021 23.27 9.75 -4.01 0.01 -1.25 0.008 24.14 10.05 -4.02 0.03 -1.41 0.012 24.17 10.25 -4.02 0.02 -1.13 0.01 24.15 10.45 -4.05 0.01 -1.09 0.01 24.29 10.55 -4.01 0.03 -1.19 0.017 24.11 10.65 -3.87 0.02 -0.81 0.008 23.49 10.75 -3.95 0.02 -0.74 0.017 23.84 10.85 -3.82 0.02 -0.7 0.01 23.26 12.15 -3.58 0.02 -0.64 0.011 22.18 12.45 -3.65 0.03 -0.75 0.021 22.52 12.75 -3.63 0.03 -0.6 0.012 22.43 13.65 -3.49 0.03 -0.46 0.014 21.78 13.85 -3.73 0.02 -0.51 0.007 22.11 13.95 -3.56 0.02 -0.42 0.013 22.54 14.05 -3.66 0.03 -0.52 0.015 23.57 14.45 -3.89 0.02 -0.14 0.016 23.63 14.55 -3.9 0.03 -1.09 0.011 25.03 14.75 -4.35 0.01 -0.89 0.013 24.79 15.05 -4.12 0.02 -0.64 0.018 24.82 15.35 -4.05 0.021 -0.88 0.008 22.85 15.75 -4.21 0.02 -0.43 0.009 25.67 16.25 -4.12 0.03 -0.78 0.015 24.62 16.65 -4.16 0.02 -0.59 0.012 24.32 17.25 -4.16 0.02 -0.96 0.004 24.65 17.9 -4.09 0.01 -0.51 0.017 24.51 19.15 -4.24 0.02 -0.76 0.015 25.16 19.25 -4.12 0.02 -1.16 0.006 24.61 19.35 -4.13 0.03 -0.82 0.029 24.67 19.45 -4.2 0.03 -1.42 0.015 24.97 19.55 -4.13 0.03 -1.2 0.022 24.68 19.65 -4.53 0.03 -0.75 0.022 26.46 19.75 -4.18 0.02 -1.43 0.012 24.89 20.15 -3.9 0.02 -0.89 0.014 23.63 20.75 -3.64 0.02 -0.43 0.01 22.48 21.95 -3.55 0.01 -0.51 0.006 22.03 22.25 -3.49 0.02 -0.37 0.022 21.77 22.55 -3.76 0.03 -0.88 0.004 23 23.45 -3.82 0.02 -0.72 0.011 23.28 23.75 -3.81 0.01 0.01 0.084 23.24 24.2 -3.6 0.02 -0.64 0.006 22.28 24.65 -3.48 0.02 -0.76 0.013 21.75 25.25 -3.54 0.02 -0.33 0.014 21.99 25.85 -3.68 0.01 -0.89 0.009 22.63 26.2 -3.98 0.03 -0.98 0.018 24 26.25 -3.98 0.03 -0.77 0.004 23.98 26.35 -3.44 0.04 -0.96 0.012 21.55 26.7 -3.86 0.02 -1.28 0.013 23.43 26.75 -3.98 0.02 -0.74 0.021 23.98 27.05 -3.83 0.01 -1.09 0.008 23.33 27.35 -3.46 0.031 -0.86 0.009 21.66 27.65 -4.27 0.02 -1.22 0.015 25.28 27.95 -4.09 0.02 -1.34 0.012 24.47 28.25 -4.17 0.02 -0.96 0.005 24.87 29.25 -4.12 0.021 -0.19 0.018 24.34 29.75 -4.06 0.03 -0.67 0.013 24.4 30.05 -4.07 0.02 -1.01 0.007 24.26 30.35 -4.04 0.02 -1.04 0.017 24.53 30.45 -4.1 0.03 -1.28 0.016 25.36 30.55 -4.28 0.04 -0.95 0.006 22.49 30.75 -3.59 0.02 -0.64 0.019 21.63 30.75 -3.65 0.02 -0.7 0.019 22.15 30.85 -3.46 0.03 -0.75 0.011 22.56 31.05 -3.52 0.02 -0.87 0.016 23.96 31.25 -3.57 0.02 -0.32 0.016 20.91 31.35 -3.55 0.03 -0.79 0.018 24.38 31.55 -3.66 0.03 -0.18 0.027 23.12 31.65 -3.68 0.01 -0.7 0.009 20.54 31.85 -3.97 0.01 -0.91 0.02 24.65 31.95 -3.44 0.02 -0.85 0.008 22.21 32.15 -3.3 0.02 -0.57 0.03 21.92 32.25 -3.21 0.02 -0.72 0.012 22.03 32.45 -4.07 0.03 -0.88 0.016 22.66 32.55 -3.6 0.02 -0.58 0.015 21.54 32.75 -3.79 0.02 -0.33 0.017 20.53 32.85 -3.53 0.02 -0.44 0.009 22.27 33.15 -3.48 0.02 -0.42 0.013 21.98 33.45 -3.71 0.03 -0.47 0.007 21.73 33.75 -3.54 0.03 -0.76 0.017 22.77 34.05 -3.53 0.03 -0.64 0.014 22 34.1 -3.22 0.02 -0.88 0.02 21.94 34.35 -3.16 0.02 -0.79 0.007 22.34 34.65 -3.51 0.02 -0.84 0.017 21.86 35.15 -3.21 0.02 -0.43 0.013 20.51 35.25 -3.67 0.03 -0.78 0.007 22.6 35.35 -3.55 0.03 -0.42 0.016 22.04 35.55 -3.96 0.02 -0.55 0.01 23.91 35.65 -3.52 0.02 -0.55 0.012 21.92 36.15 -3.59 0.02 -0.66 0.012 22.22 36.75 -3.66 0.02 -0.25 0.009 22.54 38.25 -4.02 0.03 -0.65 0.018 24.17 38.55 -3.98 0.03 0.07 0.017 24.01 38.85 -4.52 0.03 -0.57 0.013 26.45 39.15 -4.1 0.02 -0.4 0.008 24.55 39.45 -4.3 0.02 -0.76 0.022 25.86 39.65 -4.16 0.02 -0.69 0.01 24.79 39.75 -4.43 0.02 -0.72 0.016 26.03 39.85 -4.48 0.03 -0.77 0.031 26.26 39.95 -4.55 0.02 -0.73 0.026 26.59 40.05 -4.48 0.03 -0.98 0.007 26.26 40.15 -3.95 0.03 -0.81 0.014 23.85 41.25 -3.74 0.02 -0.67 0.015 22.91 42.75 -3.67 0.03 -0.59 0.017 22.59 43.05 -3.38 0.01 -0.36 0.021 21.28 43.35 -3.2 0.01 -0.21 0.011 20.48 43.65 -3.25 0.02 -0.23 0.014 20.7 44.15 -3.53 0.02 -0.29 0.009 21.94 44.35 -3.36 0.02 -0.25 0.008 21.17 44.45 -3.68 0.02 -0.53 0.015 22.64 44.55 -3.69 0.03 -0.35 0.014 22.67 44.65 -3.72 0.01 -0.32 0.015 22.83 44.75 -3.5 0.03 -0.23 0.01 21.83 44.85 -3.27 0.02 -0.36 0.007 20.79 44.95 -3.67 0.03 -0.32 0.013 22.6 45.05 -3.65 0.02 -0.28 0.012 22.52 45.15 -3.71 0.03 -0.28 0.014 22.77 45.35 -3.57 0.03 -0.13 0.012 22.16 45.75 -3.74 0.02 -0.07 0.016 22.92 46.35 -3.75 0.02 -0.31 0.008 22.96 47.25 -4.1 0.01 -0.96 0.021 24.54 47.85 -3.97 0.02 -0.67 0.017 23.95 48.75 -3.83 0.03 -0.54 0.021 23.31 49.35 -4.17 0.02 -1.39 0.01 24.87 49.65 -4.26 0.02 -1.66 0.007 25.27 49.75 -4.25 0.03 -1.86 0.018 25.21 49.85 -4.29 0.02 -1.72 0.015 25.39 49.95 -4.06 0.01 -1.72 0.012 24.34 50.25 -3.95 0.03 -1.76 0.015 23.85 1810-1815 AD: Distance(mm) d18O error d13C error T 1.65 -3.88 0.019 -0.59 0.014 23.53 1.9 -4.07 0.017 -0.96 0.016 24.63 3.15 -4.12 0.02 -0.79 0.014 25 3.45 -4.2 0.019 -1.09 0.018 23.1 3.65 -3.78 0.023 -1.14 0.005 24.31 3.75 -4.05 0.014 -1.17 0.019 24.51 3.85 -4.1 0.021 -1.6 0.025 25.94 3.95 -4.41 0.017 -1.6 0.014 27.53 4.05 -4.76 0.034 -1.63 0.015 24.73 4.15 -4.14 0.02 -1.67 0.012 27.04 4.25 -4.65 0.033 -1.48 0.014 25.36 4.35 -4.28 0.025 -1.34 0.013 25.28 4.65 -4.26 0.027 -1.32 0.01 24.84 6.15 -4.17 0.024 -0.5 0.024 22.82 7.55 -3.72 0.025 -0.86 0.006 22.78 8.05 -3.71 0.017 -0.45 0.016 22.66 9.05 -3.68 0.009 -0.62 0.008 24.66 9.15 -4.13 0.021 -0.57 0.012 22.79 9.25 -3.71 0.007 -0.56 0.017 23.46 9.35 -3.86 0.03 -0.38 0.007 22.15 9.45 -3.57 0.015 -0.36 0.013 21.86 9.55 -3.51 0.022 -0.58 0.01 22.38 9.65 -3.62 0.028 -0.63 0.015 23.77 9.75 -3.93 0.023 0.69 0.012 23.47 10.65 -3.86 0.021 -0.66 0.009 25.04 12.15 -4.21 0.024 -0.28 0.005 23.87 12.75 -3.95 0.021 -0.26 0.014 24.48 12.9 -4.09 0.018 -0.62 0.011 24.73 13.65 -4.14 0.024 -0.88 0.014 25.86 13.95 -4.39 0.015 -0.81 0.021 24.88 14.25 -4.18 0.018 -1.26 0.023 26.91 14.35 -4.62 0.02 -1.22 0.016 25.43 14.45 -4.3 0.019 -1.42 0.017 27.75 14.5 -4.81 0.019 -0.93 0.022 25.45 14.55 -4.3 0.025 -1.3 0.013 25.15 14.7 -4.24 0.029 -1.5 0.013 25.11 14.85 -4.23 0.018 -1.16 0.005 23.62 15.45 -3.9 0.02 -0.99 0.007 23 15.75 -3.81 0.012 -0.75 0.025 22.77 16.05 -3.71 0.022 -0.79 0.017 22.24 16.8 -3.59 0.02 -1.02 0.022 24.67 17 -4.13 0.03 -0.43 0.016 21.95 17.3 -3.53 0.012 -0.55 0.019 21.14 17.45 -3.35 0.025 -0.54 0.013 20.64 17.75 -3.24 0.024 -1.3 0.017 25.36 18.2 -4.28 0.03 -0.93 0.012 24.21 18.8 -4.03 0.021 -1.17 0.012 24.44 18.85 -4.08 0.027 -0.78 0.014 22.03 18.95 -3.55 0.019 -1.11 0.012 24.39 19.4 -4.02 0.025 -1.71 0.008 24.17 19.85 -3.9 0.023 -1.15 0.017 23.65 20.15 -3.86 0.028 -0.76 0.02 23.46 20.75 -4.2 0.018 -0.58 0.015 24.98 20.9 -4.32 0.009 -0.96 0.011 25.53 21.35 -4.17 0.019 -1.19 0.014 24.86 21.4 -4.48 0.028 -1.4 0.017 26.26 21.6 -3.81 0.02 -1.14 0.012 23.23 21.7 0.03 -1.41 0.008 28.25 21.85 -4.24 0.03 -1.2 0.015 25.18 21.95 -4 0.031 -1.11 0.017 24.09 22.15 -4.19 0.011 -0.75 0.013 24.94 22.35 -4.06 0.024 -1.3 0.013 24.35 22.45 -3.83 0.02 -0.89 0.014 23.33 22.6 -4.16 0.011 -1.14 0.006 24.79 22.65 -4.82 0.021 -1.07 0.008 27.79 22.7 -4.71 0.002 -0.97 0.022 27.28 22.85 -4.26 0.02 -1.05 0.004 25.27 23.15 -4.01 0.021 -0.93 0.007 24.11 23.6 -3.84 0.03 -0.85 0.014 23.37 23.75 -4.08 0.013 -0.78 0.018 24.46 24.05 -3.63 0.018 -0.68 0.009 22.41 24.2 -3.65 0.03 -0.71 0.009 22.48 24.35 -3.31 0.029 -0.51 0.013 20.98 24.5 -3.87 0.025 -0.83 0.008 23.5 24.65 -3.65 0.03 -0.61 0.014 22.5 25.1 -3.77 0.027 -0.84 0.012 23.03 25.25 -4.07 0.011 -0.84 0.021 24.41 25.85 -3.98 0.027 -0.94 0.011 23.98 26.15 -3.99 0.023 -0.86 0.008 24.05 26.6 -3.64 0.017 -0.73 0.019 22.45 26.851 -4.03 0.024 -0.53 0.008 24.22 26.95 -3.84 0.029 -0.53 0.013 23.35 27.1 -3.53 0.012 -0.37 0.009 21.98 27.2 -3.66 0.028 -0.51 0.01 22.56 27.35 -3.67 0.028 -0.94 0.018 22.61 27.6 -3.72 0.029 -0.58 0.006 22.81 27.7 -3.82 0.017 -0.41 0.01 23.29 27.85 -4.01 0.025 -0.68 0.011 24.13 28.25 -4.17 0.031 -0.6 0.01 24.85 28.85 -3.86 0.019 -1.01 0.012 23.44 29.15 -3.91 0.01 -0.94 0.012 23.68 29.75 -4.19 0.028 -0.9 0.014 24.95 30.35 -4.16 0.03 -1.35 0.01 24.83 31.25 -4.36 0.026 -0.87 0.022 25.72 31.55 -4.29 0.018 -1.11 0.008 25.38 31.85 -3.96 0.022 -0.14 0.01 23.9 32.1 -4.12 0.024 -0.07 0.01 24.61 32.2 -4.02 0.02 -0.3 0.02 24.18 32.3 -4.4 0.013 -0.79 0.013 25.91 32.35 -3.95 0.025 -0.58 0.007 23.86 32.6 -4.35 0.027 -1.1 0.022 25.68 32.75 -4.52 0.021 -1.21 0.009 26.46 33.35 -4.13 0.032 -1.36 0.013 24.68 34.25 -3.73 0.013 -1.05 0.013 22.87 34.85 -3.63 0.006 -1.04 0.011 22.41 35.75 -3.74 0.018 -0.8 0.015 22.89 35.9 -3.43 0.022 -0.83 0.009 21.51 36.1 -3.72 0.024 -0.5 0.016 21.42 36.35 -3.41 0.021 -0.76 0.015 22.58 36.55 -3.75 0.019 -0.81 0.017 23.83 36.65 -3.67 0.018 -0.72 0.013 21.82 36.95 -3.94 0.034 -0.74 0.008 23.14 37.15 -3.5 0.023 -0.62 0.012 24.48 37.35 -3.79 0.008 -0.89 0.01 24.24 37.45 -3.89 0.024 -0.78 0.008 23.8 37.6 -4.09 0.019 -0.68 0.018 21.9 37.65 -4.03 0.018 -0.57 0.008 23.78 37.75 -3.94 0.025 -0.77 0.013 23.88 37.85 -3.52 0.021 -0.63 0.016 22.01 37.95 -3.93 0.016 -0.65 0.02 22.64 38.05 -3.95 0.019 -0.66 0.012 24.07 38.05 -3.65 0.024 -0.73 0.01 23.74 38.15 -3.54 0.016 -0.74 0.015 23.43 38.35 -3.68 0.015 -0.79 0.008 23.5 38.75 -4 0.029 -0.95 0.008 24.72 38.85 -3.76 0.025 -1.27 0.013 24.95 39.05 -3.54 0.016 -0.92 0.01 24.99 39.15 -3.62 0.016 -0.36 0.015 23.88 39.25 -4.05 0.022 -0.06 0.017 22.94 39.35 -4 0.012 -0.56 0.004 23.06 39.35 -3.92 0.024 -0.54 0.004 22.5 39.45 -3.94 0.017 -1 0.014 26.42 39.55 -3.71 0.018 -1.24 0.014 26.66 39.65 -4.04 0.025 -1.18 0.01 24.67 40.15 -4.02 0.03 -0.98 0.011 25.28 40.25 -3.85 0.017 0.42 0.015 21.42 40.75 -4.15 0.009 -1.08 0.011 22.82 40.85 -3.87 0.014 -1.07 0.014 22.94 41.15 -4.14 0.026 -0.91 0.009 23.58 41.45 -4.19 0.028 -0.75 0.016 22.5 41.65 -4.07 0.031 0.58 0.012 22.99 41.75 -4.2 0.023 -0.47 0.02 22 41.95 -3.95 0.018 -0.39 0.014 22.36 42.05 -3.96 0.016 -0.58 0.013 24.29 42.25 -3.73 0.017 -0.75 0.013 24.08 42.35 -3.75 0.029 -0.58 0.009 23.82 42.45 -4.16 0.01 -0.67 0.007 22.77 42.55 -4.02 0.03 -0.79 0.013 24.27 42.65 -4.21 0.016 -0.72 0.01 24.18 42.65 -3.77 0.017 -0.7 0.01 24.76 42.75 -4.15 0.021 -0.57 0.009 24.42 42.85 -3.86 0.012 -0.29 0.012 23.85 42.85 -3.65 0.024 0.18 0.012 22.88 42.95 -4.52 0.019 -0.58 0.011 24.81 42.95 -4.28 0.012 -0.7 0.011 24.17 43.05 -4.57 0.018 -0.89 0.011 25.03 43.15 -4.16 0.015 -0.92 0.018 24.77 43.25 -4.13 0.014 -1.01 0.014 23.44 43.35 -4.11 0.023 -1.24 0.021 25.34 43.55 -4.26 0.026 -1.02 0.009 24.79 43.75 -3.95 0.022 -1.15 0.017 24.56 43.85 -3.41 0.015 -0.91 0.012 23.86 44.35 -3.85 0.018 -0.97 0.012 23.39 45.25 -3.65 0.023 -0.98 0.008 22.49 45.55 -3.83 0.023 -0.95 0.009 23.31 45.85 -3.43 0.017 -0.97 0.006 21.49 46.15 -3.86 0.01 -0.99 0.01 23.45 46.45 -3.85 0.016 0.87 0.005 23.41 46.65 -3.71 0.025 -0.97 0.013 22.78 46.85 -3.77 -0.028 -0.87 0.009 23.04 47.15 -3.83 0.023 -0.6 0.011 23.31 47.35 -3.8 0.025 -0.82 0.014 23.17 47.65 -3.81 0.025 -0.88 0.008 23.22 47.85 -3.9 0.021 -1 0.014 23.64 48.25 -3.82 0.016 -0.98 0.012 23.26 48.85 -4.02 0.021 -0.94 0.01 24.18 49.75 -3.97 0.021 -0.56 0.022 23.96 50.35 -4.01 0.022 -0.93 0.016 24.13 50.95 -4.32 0.021 -1.49 0.019 25.55 51.25 -4.3 0.013 -1.58 0.018 25.46 51.35 -4.44 0.022 -1.53 0.018 26.08 51.45 -4.24 0.014 -1.35 0.015 25.16 51.75 -4.14 0.025 -1.2 0.017 24.72 51.95 -4.12 0.027 -1.19 0.008 24.63 52.25 -4.05 0.013 -1.2 0.007 24.33 52.45 -4.12 0.023 1.36 0.021 24.63 53.35 -3.51 0.022 -0.53 0.009 21.86 53.95 -3.62 0.027 -0.81 0.011 22.39 54.85 -3.6 0.029 -0.66 0.014 22.26 55.45 -3.99 0.024 -0.97 0.011 24.05 1984-1989 AD: Distance(mm) d18O Error d13C Error T 0.15 -4.26 0.03 0.019 27.04 0.67 -4.02 0.021 0.011 25.94 0.82 -4.03 0.024 0.01 26 0.92 -4.11 0.021 -1.042857143 0.01 26.37 1.03 -4.07 0.017 -1.155714286 0.013 26.18 1.13 -1.128571429 0.013 1.33 -4.14 0.026 -1.151428571 0.014 26.5 1.63 -4.19 0.02 -1.244285714 0.014 26.74 1.93 -4.25 0.02 -1.287142857 0.008 26.99 2.53 -4.14 0.016 -1.17 0.01 26.49 4.03 -4.41 0.021 -1.862857143 0.024 27.73 4.93 -4.57 0.016 -1.835714286 0.019 28.45 5.53 -4.68 0.025 -2.698571429 0.021 28.94 5.83 -4.6 0.017 28.57 5.93 -4.62 0.027 -3.194285714 0.02 28.68 5.98 -4.8 0.018 -3.617142857 0.008 29.47 6.13 -5 0.019 -3.82 0.024 6.33 -4.67 0.028 -3.34 0.018 28.88 6.38 -4.84 0.021 -3.63 0.01 29.67 6.43 -4.74 0.026 -3.45 0.008 29.18 6.52 -4.82 0.012 -3.41 0.007 29.58 6.58 -4.8 0.017 -3.13 0.019 29.47 6.63 -4.61 0.023 -2.92 0.016 28.61 6.82 -4.74 0.018 -3.07 0.015 29.21 6.88 -4.34 0.032 27.39 6.92 -4.38 0.032 -2.49 0.012 27.56 6.95 -4.43 0.03 -2.48 0.016 27.79 7.02 -4.65 0.02 -2.62 0.014 28.79 7.33 -4.54 0.022 -2.42 0.016 28.3 7.63 -4.38 0.016 -2.2 0.015 27.57 8.53 -4.15 0.024 -1.84 0.013 26.55 9.13 -4.17 0.024 -1.76 0.006 26.61 9.43 -4.13 0.012 -1.78 0.011 26.46 9.73 -4.08 0.014 -1.48 0.009 26.21 10.03 -4.08 0.023 -1.07 0.005 26.21 10.33 -4.1 0.012 -0.82 0.011 26.33 10.63 -4.17 0.016 -0.73 0.02 26.61 11.23 -4.36 0.026 -1.116666667 0.012 27.5 11.38 -4.41 0.029 -1.263333333 0.021 27.73 12.13 -4.25 0.008 -1.02 0.016 27 12.43 -4.22 0.023 -1.236666667 0.013 26.85 13.03 -4.63 0.028 -2.883333333 0.02 28.7 13.18 -4.71 0.015 -2.71 0.012 29.07 13.33 -1.906666667 0.007 13.38 -4.58 0.019 -2.423333333 0.011 28.5 13.43 -4.77 0.017 -3.56 0.012 29.32 13.53 -4.48 0.019 -2.55 0.023 28.02 13.63 -2.78 0.011 13.73 -4.31 0.02 -2.37 0.014 27.24 13.83 -4.52 0.015 -3.08 0.017 28.19 13.93 -4.54 0.017 -3.2 0.014 28.31 13.98 -4.3 0.014 -2.96 0.012 27.2 14.58 -4.39 0.027 -2.08 0.014 27.6 14.88 -4.35 0.009 -1.82 0.02 27.43 15.18 -4.44 0.014 -1.28 0.024 27.84 15.78 -4.22 0.018 -1.16 0.01 26.84 16.23 -4.15 0.031 -1.29 0.005 26.54 16.38 -4.19 0.025 -1.1 0.005 26.72 16.53 -4.28 0.031 -0.99 0.019 27.12 16.68 -4.61 0.018 28.59 16.83 -0.49 0.009 16.98 -4.26 0.01 -0.784545455 0.022 27.03 17.28 -4.19 0.027 -0.649090909 0.021 26.72 17.58 -4.54 0.033 -1.143636364 0.026 28.31 17.73 -4.27 0.018 -0.868181818 0.018 27.08 17.88 -4.47 0.027 -1.232727273 0.01 27.98 18.18 -4.74 0.023 29.2 18.48 -4.58 0.03 -2.001818182 0.015 28.46 18.63 -4.53 0.025 -2.436363636 0.018 28.25 18.78 -4.59 0.033 -2.540909091 0.016 28.55 19.08 -4.61 0.023 -3.005454545 0.016 28.61 19.38 -4.74 0.02 -3.32 0.011 29.2 19.68 -4.8 0.018 -3.233846154 0.006 29.47 19.98 -4.53 0.03 -2.917692308 0.018 28.27 20.58 -4.32 0.034 -2.421538462 0.009 27.32 21.18 -4.51 0.026 -2.215384615 0.006 28.18 21.48 -4.43 0.023 -1.959230769 0.016 27.82 21.78 -4.34 0.01 -1.443076923 0.018 27.41 22.08 -4.37 0.018 -1.486923077 0.015 27.55 22.38 -4.27 0.029 -1.380769231 0.009 27.08 22.68 -4.57 0.025 -1.394615385 0.015 28.45 22.83 -4.42 0.018 -1.508461538 0.016 27.74 22.98 -4.23 0.027 -1.142307692 0.011 26.92 23.13 -4.54 0.027 -1.596153846 0.009 28.32 23.28 -4.12 0.024 -0.93 0.008 26.42 23.43 -4.48 0.017 -1.14 0.012 28.02 23.73 -4.5 0.025 -1.72 0.006 28.11 24.03 -4.45 0.007 -1.19 0.009 27.91 24.33 -4.42 0.006 -1.2 0.008 27.76 24.63 -4.43 0.027 -1.32 0.009 27.81 24.93 -4.59 0.025 -2.01 0.008 28.51 25.23 -4.58 0.029 -2.2 0.025 28.46 25.38 -4.57 0.017 -2.63 0.01 28.45 25.53 -4.79 0.027 -3.04 0.01 29.41 25.68 -4.66 0.006 -3.13 0.009 28.85 25.83 -4.75 0.04 -3.09 0.017 29.25 26.13 -4.74 0.014 -3.59 0.008 29.2 26.43 -4.68 0.008 -3.28 0.014 28.92 26.73 -4.41 0.03 -2.62 0.014 27.72 27.03 -4.46 0.015 -2.37 0.008 27.91 27.33 -4.31 0.014 -1.1 0.022 27.27 27.63 -4.37 0.012 -0.77 0.022 27.53 27.93 -4.24 0.009 -1.308181818 0.009 26.95 28.08 -4.26 0.022 -1.226363636 0.016 27.04 28.38 -4.09 0.053 -1.094545455 0.039 26.25 28.68 -4.15 0.023 -1.282727273 0.012 26.56 28.83 -4.31 0.003 -1.320909091 0.006 27.28 29.13 -4.29 0.011 -1.149090909 0.048 27.17 29.43 -4.33 0.007 -1.397272727 0.01 27.35 29.73 -4.41 0.02 -1.215454545 0.009 27.7 30.03 -4.47 0.015 -1.373636364 0.012 27.96 30.33 -4.47 0.012 -1.331818182 0.012 27.98 30.63 -4.4 0.073 -1.25 0.037 27.67 30.93 -4.59 0.018 -1.258181818 0.015 28.53 31.23 -4.35 0.024 -1.186363636 0.011 27.44 31.38 -4.47 0.015 -1.224545455 0.015 27.96 31.68 -4.66 0.02 -1.552727273 0.012 28.86 31.83 -4.47 0.021 -1.190909091 0.018 27.96 32.13 -4.78 0.054 -1.309090909 0.025 29.4 32.28 -4.61 0.01 -1.517272727 0.017 28.63 32.43 -4.57 0.027 28.45 32.73 -4.73 0.006 -1.983636364 0.01 29.14 33.03 -4.81 0.021 -1.941818182 0.011 29.51 33.48 -4.65 0.041 -1.42 0.015 28.81 33.63 -4.81 0.024 -1.688181818 0.073 29.52 33.93 -4.71 0.021 -1.366363636 0.009 29.08 34.23 -4.72 0.012 -2.564545455 0.021 29.13 34.53 -4.781 0.011 -2.752727273 0.0071 29.39 34.83 -4.91 0.024 -2.840909091 0.009 29.99 35.13 -4.83 0.029 -3.009090909 0.011 29.59 35.43 -4.79 0.008 -2.897272727 . 29.41 35.73 -4.63 0.013 -3.015454545 0.004 28.71 36.03 -4.55 0.022 -3.043636364 0.013 28.33 36.33 -4.47 0.046 -3.061818182 0.009 28 36.48 -4.65 0.016 -3.13 0.025 28.79 36.78 -4.45 0.026 -2.835 0.011 27.88 36.93 -4.42 0.016 -2.64 0.005 27.74 37.08 -4.35 0.024 -2.595 0.013 27.44 37.23 -4.25 0.013 -2.32 0.008 26.97 37.38 -4.17 0.004 -1.925 0.008 26.64 37.68 -4.15 0.017 -1.74 0.009 26.52 37.83 -4.22 0.013 -1.265 0.016 26.86 38.13 -4.11 0.022 -0.72 0.014 26.35 38.43 -4.04 0.004 -1.151578947 0.008 26.03 38.73 -4.2 0.013 -1.363157895 0.008 26.76 39.03 -4.09 0.013 -1.354736842 0.004 26.27 39.33 -4.16 0.025 -1.286315789 0.007 26.57 39.63 -4.28 0.005 -1.387894737 0.011 27.14 39.93 -4.31 0.017 -1.539473684 0.01 27.24 40.23 -4.3 0.009 -1.451052632 0.004 27.22 40.53 -4.54 0.013 -1.642631579 0.01 28.28 40.83 -4.67 0.03 -1.854210526 0.005 28.86 41.13 -4.67 0.01 -1.735789474 0.006 28.9 41.43 -4.76 0.023 -2.047368421 0.013 29.3 41.73 -4.69 0.014 -1.998947368 0.007 28.96 42.03 -4.62 0.019 -2.110526316 0.005 28.64 42.33 -4.67 0.022 -1.972105263 0.011 28.87 42.63 -4.64 0.023 -2.023684211 0.011 28.73 42.93 -4.77 0.017 -2.305263158 0.014 29.34 43.08 -4.73 0.023 -3.016842105 0.006 29.17 43.23 -4.68 0.021 -2.988421053 0.135 28.94 43.38 -4.73 0.011 -3.31 0.002 29.17 43.53 -4.82 0.022 -2.353333333 0.043 29.56 43.83 -4.71 0.012 -2.486666667 0.014 29.06 43.98 -4.86 0.026 -1.97 0.025 29.72 44.13 -4.88 0.023 29.84 44.28 -4.99 0.024 30.33 44.43 -4.79 0.026 -1.64 0.065 29.42 44.58 -4.85 0.028 29.71 44.88 -4.75 0.01 -1.966666667 0.041 29.26 45.63 -4.58 0.015 0.062 28.48 45.78 -4.39 0.025 0.03 27.63 45.93 -4.52 0.027 0.055 28.22