# Northern Hemisphere Benthic Foraminiferal Trace Metals and Stable Isotopes Data from the late Pliocene and the Holocene to the Last Glacial Maximum #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/17351 # Online_Resource: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/woodard2014/woodard2014-1208-tm.txt # # Archive: Paleoceanography #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2014-10-24 #--------------------------------------- # Title: Northern Hemisphere Benthic Foraminiferal Trace Metals and Stable Isotopes from the late Pliocene and the Holocene to the Last Glacial Maximum #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Woodard, Stella C.; Rosenthal, Yair; Miller, Kenneth G.; Wright, James D.; Chiu, Beverly K.; Lawrence, Kira T. #--------------------------------------- # Description and Notes # Description: All data was generated using benthic foraminifera Uvigerina sp. Records are not necessarily continuous. #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Woodard, Stella C.; Rosenthal, Yair; Miller, Kenneth G.; Wright, James D.; Chiu, Beverly K.; Lawrence, Kira T. # Published_Date_or_Year: 2014 # Published_Title: Antarctic Role in Northern Hemisphere Glaciation # Journal_Name: Science # Volume: # Issue: ScienceExpress # Pages: # Report Number: # DOI: 10.1126/science.1255586 # Abstract: Earth’s climate underwent a major transition from the warmth of the late Pliocene, when global surface temperatures were ~2-3°C higher than today, to extensive Northern Hemisphere glaciation (NHG) at ~2.73 Ma. We show that North Pacific deep waters were significantly colder (4oC) and likely fresher than North Atlantic deep water prior to the intensification of NHG. At ~2.73 Ma, the Atlantic-Pacific temperature gradient was reduced to <1°C suggesting the initiation of stronger heat transfer from the North Atlantic to the deep Pacific. We posit that increased glaciation of Antarctica, deduced from the 21±10 m sea-level fall from 3.15-2.75 Ma, and the development of a strong polar halocline, fundamentally altered deep ocean circulation, which enhanced inter-hemispheric heat and salt transport thereby contributing to the NHG. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant: MG&G 1334691 #--------------------------------------- # Site Information # Site_Name: ODP1208 # Location: North Pacific Ocean # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 36.13 # Southernmost_Latitude: 36.13 # Easternmost_Longitude: 158.2 # Westernmost_Longitude: 158.2 # Elevation: -3346 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: ODP1208 Pliocence TM Wo14 # First_Year: 33159 # Last_Year: 24999 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: #--------------------------------------- # Chronology: #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## depth_m Depth,,,revised meters composite depth,,,,,N ## age_calkaBP Age,,,kiloyears before present,,,,,N ## Mg/Ca-uvige Magnesium/Calcium,Uvigerina sp,,mmol/mol,,,,analytical technique: inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy,N ## Fe/Ca-uvige Iron/Calcium,Uvigerina sp,,umol/mol,,,,analytical technique: inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy,N ## Al/Ca-uvige Aluminum/Calcium,Uvigerina sp,,umol/mol,,,,analytical technique: inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy,N ## notes ,,,,,,,,C # Data # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing Value: NaN depth_m age_calkaBP Mg/Ca-uvige Fe/Ca-uvige Al/Ca-uvige notes 116.12 2499.9 0.93 17 7 1208 13-5 123-125 116.28 2503.7 0.93 19 21 1208 13-5 140-142 116.47 2508.1 1.08 16 30 1208 13-6 10-12 116.57 2510.4 1.01 14 20 1208 13-6 20-22 116.66 2512.5 0.94 12 6 1208 13-6 30-32 116.78 2514.8 0.94 13 12 1208 13-6 42-44 116.86 2516.2 0.94 14 5 1208 13-6 50-52 116.95 2518.1 1.03 20 29 1208 13-6 60-62 117.05 2519.9 0.92 18 55 1208 13-6 70-72 117.14 2521.7 0.89 20 22 1208 13-6 80-82 117.24 2523.5 1.10 18 14 1208 13-6 90-92 117.55 2529.6 0.92 16 10 1208 13-6 123-125 117.62 2530.9 0.85 13 39 1208 13-6 130-132 117.84 2535.1 1.07 18 12 1208 13-7 3-5 118.2 2542.2 0.95 19 25 1208 13-7 40-42 118.29 2544.5 0.94 13 29 1208 13-7 50-52 118.39 2546.8 1.25 20 25 1208 13-7 60-62 118.63 2552.5 1.07 12 10 1208 13-CC 20-22 118.73 2555.1 1.05 13 10 1208 14-1 3-5 118.79 2556.9 1.00 16 11 1208 14-1 10-12 118.89 2559.4 1.04 17 10 1208 14-1 20-22 118.98 2561.9 1.02 20 15 1208 14-1 30-32 119.08 2564.4 1.27 16 11 1208 14-1 40-42 119.3 2570.2 1.07 14 7 1208 14-1 63-65 119.38 2572.5 1.04 18 32 1208 14-1 72-74 119.46 2574.6 1.01 17 16 1208 14-1 80-82 119.55 2577.1 1.05 54 71 1208 14-1 90-92 119.65 2579.7 1.01 14 8 1208 14-1 100-102 119.74 2582.3 1.03 19 15 1208 14-1 110-112 119.86 2585.6 1.20 46 39 1208 14-1 123-125 119.93 2587.4 1.24 43 50 1208 14-1 130-132 120.04 2590.4 1.02 27 30 1208 14-1 142-144 120.15 2593.3 1.05 12 9 1208 14-2 3-5 120.21 2595.0 1.09 99 197 1208 14-2 10-12 120.31 2596.8 0.88 14 13 1208 14-2 20-22 120.52 2600.9 0.96 13 10 1208 14-2 43-45 120.68 2603.9 1.10 11 6 1208 14-2 60-62 120.78 2605.6 1.04 20 16 1208 14-2 70-72 120.87 2607.4 0.81 18 18 1208 14-2 80-82 120.97 2609.2 1.13 16 69 1208 14-2 90-92 121.06 2610.9 1.13 24 22 1208 14-2 100-102 121.16 2612.7 1.16 36 48 1208 14-2 110-112 121.28 2615.0 1.13 31 40 1208 14-2 123-125 121.35 2616.6 1.10 44 47 1208 14-2 130-132 121.44 2618.9 0.94 21 18 1208 14-2 140-142 121.56 2621.9 0.99 39 58 1208_14-3 3-5 121.63 2623.6 1.04 36 52 1208_14-3 10-12 121.72 2625.9 1.00 32 45 1208_14-3 20-22 121.82 2628.2 1.06 32 36 1208 14-3 30-32 121.91 2630.5 1.05 93 148 1208_14-3 40-42 sample with Fe/Ca or Al/Ca values which fall outside 2 s.d. of the mean values measured (see supplementary text) 122.01 2632.8 1.01 35 36 1208_14-3 50-52 122.13 2635.8 1.07 13 16 1208_14-3 63-65 122.2 2637.5 0.91 19 38 1208_14-3 70-72 122.39 2642.5 0.95 24 5 1208_14-3 90-92 122.39 2642.5 1.02 11 15 1208_14-3 90-92 122.48 2645.0 1.07 23 23 1208_14-3 100-102 122.86 2654.7 1.03 34 67 1208_14-3 140-142 122.98 2657.5 0.96 NaN 79 1208_14-4 3-5 123.05 2658.9 1.04 19 4 1208_14-4 10-12 123.14 2661.0 1.21 36 98 1208_14-4 20-22 123.24 2663.2 1.20 45 67 1208_14-4 30-32 123.33 2665.3 0.99 13 39 1208_14-4 40-42 123.43 2667.4 0.91 18 46 1208_14-4 50-52 123.52 2669.5 1.04 31 2 1208_14-4 60-62 123.61 2671.6 1.08 77 118 1208_14-4 70-72 sample with Fe/Ca or Al/Ca values which fall outside 2 s.d. of the mean values measured (see supplementary text) 123.8 2675.8 1.01 25 34 1208_14-4 90-92 124.12 2681.9 1.01 27 40 1208_14-4 123-125 124.18 2682.9 1.04 101 17 1208_14-4 130-132 sample with Fe/Ca or Al/Ca values which fall outside 2 s.d. of the mean values measured (see supplementary text) 124.28 2684.3 0.86 19 30 1208_14-4 140-142 124.4 2686.2 0.80 12 7 1208_14-5 3-5 124.47 2687.2 0.88 19 25 1208_14-5 10-12 124.56 2688.6 0.91 17 116 1208_14-5 20-22 124.65 2690.0 0.95 12 6 1208_14-5 30-32 124.75 2693.1 0.97 13 15 1208_14-5 40-42 124.84 2696.1 1.01 27 33 1208_14-5 50-52 125.13 2705.0 1.11 17 29 1208_14-5 80-82 125.32 2708.2 0.92 13 9 1208_14-5 100-102 125.53 2712.0 0.76 14 3 1208_14-5 123-125 125.6 2713.2 0.77 9 4 1208_14-5 130-132 125.82 2717.0 0.86 18 116 1208_14-6 3-5 125.86 2717.7 0.84 79 67 1208_14-6 8-10 sample with Fe/Ca or Al/Ca values which fall outside 2 s.d. of the mean values measured (see supplementary text) 126.45 2728.0 0.93 18 29 1208_14-6 70-72 126.64 2733.4 1.01 18 46 1208_14-6 90-92 126.95 2742.3 0.83 39 1208_14-6 123-125 127.02 2744.1 1.00 36 51 1208_14-6 130-132 127.11 2746.8 0.85 30 1208_14-6 140-142 127.11 2746.8 0.87 38 23 1208_14-6 140-142 127.3 2752.2 0.92 16 23 1208_14-7 10-12 127.4 2755.0 0.85 16 24 1208_14-7 20-22 127.4 2755.0 0.85 21 25 1208_14-7 20-22 127.58 2762.3 0.93 14 527 1208_14-7 40-42 127.68 2766.1 0.90 67 59 1208_14-7 50-52 sample with Fe/Ca or Al/Ca values which fall outside 2 s.d. of the mean values measured (see supplementary text) 127.8 2771.0 1.05 20 107 1208_14-7 63-65 127.87 2773.6 1.13 16 19 1208_14-7 70-72 127.93 2776.2 0.95 25 1208_14-CC 0-2 128.03 2780.0 0.87 21 25 1208_14-CC 10-12 128.12 2785.4 0.94 27 29 1208_14-CC 20-22 128.23 2791.4 0.86 23 23 1208_15-1 3-5 128.29 2795.0 1.01 18 26 1208_15-1 10-12 128.41 2799.3 0.80 16 32 1208_15-1 22-24 128.58 2805.4 0.88 12 43 1208_15-1 40-42 128.67 2808.8 0.92 27 1208_15-1 50-52 128.8 2813.3 0.84 13 25 1208_15-1 63-65 128.86 2815.7 0.88 19 20 1208_15-1 70-72 128.96 2819.1 0.93 15 56 1208_15-1 80-82 129.05 2822.5 0.81 46 113 1208_15-1 90-92 129.15 2825.4 0.90 34 34 1208_15-1 100-102 129.24 2828.3 0.99 32 32 1208_15-1 110-112 129.36 2832.1 0.96 40 447 1208_15-1 123-125 129.43 2834.1 0.90 31 46 1208_15-1 130-132 129.52 2837.0 0.77 20 16 1208_15-1 140-142 129.62 2840.0 0.95 17 27 1208_15-2 0-2 129.71 2841.7 0.86 8 70 1208_15-2 10-12 129.81 2843.5 1.00 41 48 1208_15-2 20-22 129.9 2845.2 0.87 31 37 1208_15-2 30-32 130.02 2847.5 0.79 19 38 1208_15-2 43-45 130.09 2848.8 0.88 43 64 1208_15-2 50-52 130.28 2852.3 0.84 18 16 1208_15-2 70-72 130.37 2854.0 0.93 28 48 1208_15-2 80-82 130.47 2855.8 1.06 31 98 1208_15-2 90-92 130.56 2857.5 0.84 21 36 1208_15-2 100-102 130.66 2860.1 0.92 32 773 1208_15-2 110-112 sample with Fe/Ca or Al/Ca values which fall outside 2 s.d. of the mean values measured (see supplementary text) 130.78 2863.3 0.80 16 46 1208_15-2 123-125 130.85 2865.0 0.84 15 25 1208_15-2 130-132 130.94 2867.5 0.94 17 45 1208_15-2 140-142 131.04 2870.0 1.03 28 60 1208_15-3 0-2 131.13 2872.5 0.85 19 46 1208_15-3 10-12 131.13 2872.5 0.79 14 9 1208_15-3 10-12 131.21 2874.5 0.99 11 495 1208_15-3 18-20 131.32 2877.5 0.93 24 2044 1208_15-3 30-32 sample with Fe/Ca or Al/Ca values which fall outside 2 s.d. of the mean values measured (see supplementary text) 131.41 2879.6 1.02 7 216 1208_15-3 40-42 131.51 2881.8 0.82 23 37 1208_15-3 50-52 131.62 2884.4 0.96 19 25 1208_15-3 62-64 131.7 2886.1 1.05 23 54 1208_15-3 70-72 131.79 2888.2 0.99 18 39 1208_15-3 80-82 131.98 2892.5 0.89 16 1068 1208_15-3 100-102 sample with Fe/Ca or Al/Ca values which fall outside 2 s.d. of the mean values measured (see supplementary text) 132.08 2894.3 0.94 29 595 1208 15-3 110-112 sample with Fe/Ca or Al/Ca values which fall outside 2 s.d. of the mean values measured (see supplementary text) 132.2 2896.5 0.93 NaN 32 1208 15-3 123-125 132.26 2897.7 0.90 19 19 1208 15-3 130-132 132.36 2899.5 1.02 18 21 1208 15-3 140-142 132.45 2901.2 0.88 25 28 1208 15-4 0-2 132.55 2903.0 1.03 17 7 1208 15-4 10-12 132.64 2904.7 0.90 15 17 1208 15-4 20-22 132.74 2906.4 0.75 12 12 1208 15-4 30-32 133.4 2928.7 0.84 NaN 50 1208 15-4 100-102 133.4 2928.7 0.83 NaN 74 1208 15-4 100-102R 133.49 2932.4 0.79 16 47 1208 15-4 110-112 133.68 2938.9 0.88 13 35 1208 15-4 130-132 134.53 2958.4 0.91 NaN 52 1208 15-5 70-72 134.82 2965.0 0.89 NaN 52 1208 15-5 100-102 134.91 2967.8 1.02 16 422 1208 15-5 110-112 sample with Fe/Ca or Al/Ca values which fall outside 2 s.d. of the mean values measured (see supplementary text) 135.03 2971.7 0.92 13 11 1208 15-5 123-125 135.03 2971.7 0.87 34 16 1208 15-5 123-125R 135.1 2973.7 0.97 16 12 1208 15-5 130-132 135.19 2976.7 0.83 16 23 1208 15-5 140-142 135.38 2982.5 1.00 16 22 1208 15-6 10-12 135.48 2985.5 0.94 26 23 1208 15-6 20-22 135.57 2988.4 0.97 29 85 1208 15-6 30-32 135.67 2991.3 0.95 33 57 1208 15-6 40-42 135.76 2994.2 0.90 NaN 37 1208 15-6 50-52 135.86 2997.1 0.96 20 42 1208 15-6 60-62 135.95 3000.0 0.88 18 25 1208 15-6 70-72 136.04 3002.1 1.00 23 33 1208 15-6 80-82 136.14 3004.2 0.96 21 45 1208 15-6 90-92 136.23 3006.3 1.04 21 25 1208 15-6 100-102 136.33 3008.4 0.89 20 44 1208 15-6 110-112 136.45 3011.1 0.91 23 87 1208 15-6 123-125 136.52 3012.6 0.83 19 115 1208_15-6 130-132 136.61 3014.6 0.81 19 16 1208_15-6 140-142R 136.61 3014.6 0.76 26 20 1208 15-6 140-142 136.71 3016.7 0.91 16 41 1208 15-7 0-2 137.08 3025.0 0.89 NaN 44 1208 15-7 40-42 137.18 3027.9 0.88 12 10 1208_15-7 50-52 137.27 3030.6 0.80 28 42 1208_15-7 60-62 137.37 3033.3 0.80 13 11 1208_15-7 70-72 137.41 3034.4 0.78 18 28 1208_15-CC 0-2 137.5 3037.1 0.84 22 118 1208_15-CC 10-12 137.6 3040.0 0.88 17 25 1208_15-CC 20-22 137.75 3045.0 1.01 15 33 1208_16-1 5-7 137.78 3045.7 1.05 24 354 1208 16-1 9-11R 137.91 3047.9 1.11 31 110 1208_16-1 22-24 137.91 3047.9 0.75 20 37 1208 16-1 22-24R 137.98 3049.4 0.95 16 37 1208_16-1 30-32 138.17 3052.9 0.80 15 35 1208_16-1 50-52 138.28 3055.0 0.85 31 42 1208_16-1 62-64 138.36 3056.4 0.93 29 32 1208_16-1 70-72 138.44 3058.0 0.89 64 49 1208_16-1 79-80 138.57 3061.5 0.90 23 28 1208_16-1 93-95 138.64 3063.2 0.88 38 20 1208_16-1 100-102 138.71 3065.1 1.05 20 15 1208_16-1 108-110 138.79 3067.1 1.12 34 46 1208_16-1 116-118 138.92 3070.5 0.89 25 17 1208_16-1 130-132 139.01 3072.9 1.01 21 8 1208_16-1 140-142 139.11 3075.4 1.05 25 27 1208_16-2 0-2 139.20 3077.8 0.99 21 46 1208_16-2 10-12 139.30 3080.3 1.02 25 29 1208_16-2 20-22 139.39 3082.7 1.09 22 19 1208_16-2 30-32 139.47 3084.7 0.95 21 25 1208_16-2 38-40 139.58 3087.6 1.05 NaN 148 1208_16-2 50-52 139.67 3090.0 0.93 20 10 1208_16-2 60-62 139.86 3095.0 0.93 25 18 1208_16-2 80-82 139.95 3097.5 0.96 40 42 1208_16-2 90-92 140.05 3100.0 0.93 33 19 1208_16-2 100-102 140.14 3102.1 0.96 14 57 1208_16-2 110-112 140.25 3104.7 0.89 28 36 1208_16-2 122-124 140.42 3108.7 0.89 20 12 1208_16-2 140-142 140.63 3113.5 0.76 13 10 1208 16-3 12-14 140.77 3116.8 0.79 22 12 1208 16-3 27-29 140.91 3120.0 0.83 16 4 1208 16_3 42-44 140.99 3122.1 0.80 16 4 1208 16_3 50-52 141.10 3125.2 0.82 19 23 1208 16_3 62-64 141.17 3127.2 0.77 13 7 1208 16_3 70-72 141.27 3129.8 0.68 27 34 1208 16_3 80-82 141.83 3145.1 0.80 33 60 1208 16_3 140-142 142.11 3152.7 0.91 23 28 1208 16_4 20-22 142.20 3154.9 0.85 26 43 1208 16_4 29-31 142.43 3161.1 0.94 NaN 23 1208 16_4 54-56 142.57 3164.8 0.97 43 50 1208 16_4 69-71 142.77 3170.0 0.90 38 52 1208 16_4 90-92 143.35 3184.6 0.79 15 29 1208 16-5 2-4 143.48 3189.8 0.88 13 41 1208 16-5 15-17 143.66 3197.2 0.68 10 6 1208 16-5 32-34 143.71 3199.3 0.84 38 73 1208_16-5 40-42 143.9 3207.1 0.91 58 114 1208_16-5 60-62 sample with Fe/Ca or Al/Ca values which fall outside 2 s.d. of the mean values measured (see supplementary text) 144.16 3217.5 0.91 16 25 1208 16-5 88-90 144.18 3218.2 0.89 52 85 1208_16-5 90-92 144.27 3221.5 0.83 20 21 1208_16-5 100-102 144.37 3224.9 0.97 11 15 1208_16-5 110-112 144.37 3224.9 1.07 20 28 1208_16-5 110-112 144.48 3228.9 0.91 20 104 1208_16-5 122-124 144.55 3231.6 0.79 15 20 1208_16-5 130-132 145.21 3250.0 0.88 64 102 1208_16-6 50-52 sample with Fe/Ca or Al/Ca values which fall outside 2 s.d. of the mean values measured (see supplementary text) 145.49 3257.5 0.79 18 191 1208_16-6 80-82 145.78 3265.0 0.75 8 79 1208_16-6 110-112 146.24 3277.5 0.84 18 33 1208_16-7 10-12 146.34 3280.0 0.80 21 32 1208_16-7 20-22 146.45 3282.6 0.77 32 447 1208_16-7 32-34 146.53 3284.4 0.84 14 19 1208_16-7 40-42 146.62 3286.7 0.77 17 32 1208_16-7 50-52 146.71 3288.9 0.87 18 29 1208_16-7 60-62 146.81 3291.1 0.76 11 8 1208_16-7 70-72 147.32 3303.4 0.89 19 24 1208_17-1 13-15 147.6 3310.0 0.71 15 10 1208 17-1 42-44 147.79 3314.2 0.85 34 48 1208 17-1 63-65 147.87 3315.9 0.81 129 78 1208 17-1 71-73 sample with Fe/Ca or Al/Ca values which fall outside 2 s.d. of the mean values measured (see supplementary text) 147.87 3315.9 0.79 25 23 1208 17-1 71-73