# North Atlantic Deglacial Isotope Data and Reconstructions of Salinity and SST #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using these data, # If there is no publication information, please cite investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Online_Resource: http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID: # Online_Resource: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/thornalley2011/thornalley2011-12-1k-plank.txt # # Archive: Paleoceanography #-------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2014-05-21 #-------------------- # Title # Study_Name: North Atlantic Deglacial Isotope Data and Reconstructions of Salinity and SST #-------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Thornalley, D.J.R.; McCave, I.N.; Elderfield, H. #-------------------- # Description_and_Notes # Description: Data collected by David J.R. Thornalley (Univ. of Cambridge); Principal Investigator: I. Nick McCave (Univ. of Cambridge); cruise CD-159, funded by UK RAPID program. # Stable isotope values relative to VPDB standard, run in Godwin Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge. Temperature calculated using Mg/Ca = B exp (0.1 × T). B = 0.794, 0.76 and 0.52 for G. bulloides, G. inflata and N. pachy. (s) respectively. # RAPiD-10-1P: N. pachy. (s) and Cib. spp. isotope data originally presented in Thornalley, Elderfield & McCave, 2010, DOI:10.1029/2009PA001833. # RAPiD-12-1K: Please cite Thornalley, Elderfield & McCave, Nature, 2009. For % sand and G. inflata d13C data, please cite Thornalley, Elderfield & McCave, 2010, Paleoceanography, DOI:10.1029/2009PA001833. Vital effect of -0.24 applied to Melonis d18O data. Salinity calculated using Kim and O'Neil (1997) to obtain d18Osw, including a 0.6‰ offset for G. bulloides, and VPDB to SMOW conversion of 0.27‰; # Converted to salinity using Schmidt and Legrande (2006) N. Atlantic d18Osw-S relationship; Also corrected for whole ocean d18O and salinity changes (1 per mil glacial-interglacial) scaled to Fairbanks (1989) sea-level curve. Core-top age assignment: The core-top was not lost; assume 0cm=2004AD, but account for top 2 cm well mixed by bioturbation. # RAPiD-15-4P: All data except N. pachy.(s) originally presented in Thornalley, McCave & Elderfield, 2010, Paleoceanography, DOI:10.1029/2009PA001772. N. pachy. (s) isotope data originally presented in Thornalley, Elderfield & McCave, 2010, Paleoceanography, DOI:10.1029/2009PA001833. # d18Osw calculated using Kim and O'Neil (1997), including a -0.6‰ offset for G. bulloides. Note - no offset used for N. pachy.(s) contrary to manuscript, and VPDB to SMOW conversion of 0.27‰ # "Ice-volume corrected" for whole ocean changes using Fairbanks (1989) sea-level curve, assuming a LGM to late Holocene shift of 1‰. Salinity calculated based on North Atlantic relation of LeGrande and Schmidt (2006) and also for N. pachyderma for mixing with a freshwater endmember # RAPiD-17-5P: C. wuell. And IRD data originally presented in Thornalley, Elderfield & McCave, 2010, Paleoceanography, DOI:10.1029/2009PA001833. d18Osw calculated using Kim and O'Neil (1997), including a 0.6‰ offset for G. bulloides, and VPDB to SMOW conversion of 0.27‰ # "Ice-volume corrected" for whole ocean changes using Fairbanks (1989) sea-level curve, assuming a LGM to late Holocene shift of 1‰. # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Thornalley, D.J.R., H. Elderfield, and I.N. McCave # Published_Date_or_Year: 2011 # Published_Title: Reconstructing North Atlantic deglacial surface hydrography and its link to the Atlantic overturning circulation # Journal_Name: Global and Planetary Change # Volume: 79 # Issue: # Pages: 163-175 # DOI: 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.06.003 # Abstract: Paired Mg/Ca–d18O measurements on multiple species of planktic foraminifera are combined with published benthic isotope records from south of Iceland in order to assess the role North Atlantic freshwater input played in determining the evolution of hydrography and climate during the last deglaciation. We demonstrate that Globigerina bulloides and Globorotalia inflata are restricted to intervals when warm Atlantic waters reached the area south of Iceland, and therefore Mg/Ca–d18O data from these species monitor changes in the temperature and seawater d18O signature of the northward inflow of Atlantic water to the area. In contrast, Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) calcifies within local subpolar/polar waters and new Mg/Ca–d18O analyses on this species document changes in this water mass. We observe two major surface ocean events during Heinrich Stadial 1 (~ 17–14.7 ka): an early freshening of the Atlantic Inflow (~ 17–16 ka), and a later interval (16–14.7 ka) of local surface freshening, sea-ice formation and brine rejection that was associated with a further reduction in deep ocean ventilation. Centennial-scale cold intervals during the Bølling–Allerød (BA, 14.7–12.9 ka) were likely triggered by the rerouting of North American continental run-off during ice-sheet retreat. However, the relative effects of these freshwater events on deep ventilation and climate south of Iceland appear to have been modulated by the background climate deterioration. Two freshwater events occurred during the Younger Dryas cold interval (YD, 12.9–11.7 ka), both accompanied by a reduction in deep ventilation south of Iceland: an early YD freshening of the Atlantic Inflow and local subpolar/polar waters, and a late YD ice-rafted detritus event that was possibly related to brine formation south of Iceland. Based on our reconstructions, the strengthening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation at the onset of BA and Holocene may have been promoted by the subsurface warming of subpolar/polar water, brine formation that drew warm saline Atlantic water northwards, and the high background salinity of the Atlantic Inflow. # #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Thornalley, D.J.R., I.N. McCave, and H. Elderfield # Published_Date_or_Year: 2010 # Published_Title: Freshwater input and abrupt deglacial climate change in the North Atlantic # Journal_Name: Paleoceanography # Volume: 25 # Issue: # Report Number: PA1201 # DOI: 10.1029/2009PA001772 # Abstract: Greenland ice core records indicate that the last deglaciation (~7–21 ka) was punctuated by numerous abrupt climate reversals involving temperature changes of up to 5°C–10°C within decades. However, the cause behind many of these events is uncertain. A likely candidate may have been the input of deglacial meltwater, from the Laurentide ice sheet (LIS), to the high-latitude North Atlantic, which disrupted ocean circulation and triggered cooling. Yet the direct evidence of meltwater input for many of these events has so far remained undetected. In this study, we use the geochemistry (paired Mg/Ca-d18O) of planktonic foraminifera from a sediment core south of Iceland to reconstruct the input of freshwater to the northern North Atlantic during abrupt deglacial climate change. Our record can be placed on the same timescale as ice cores and therefore provides a direct comparison between the timing of freshwater input and climate variability. Meltwater events coincide with the onset of numerous cold intervals, including the Older Dryas (14.0 ka), two events during the Allerød (at ~13.1 and 13.6 ka), the Younger Dryas (12.9 ka), and the 8.2 ka event, supporting a causal link between these abrupt climate changes and meltwater input. During the Bølling-Allerød warm interval, we find that periods of warming are associated with an increased meltwater flux to the northern North Atlantic, which in turn induces abrupt cooling, a cessation in meltwater input, and eventual climate recovery. This implies that feedback between climate and meltwater input produced a highly variable climate. A comparison to published data sets suggests that this feedback likely included fluctuations in the southern margin of the LIS causing rerouting of LIS meltwater between southern and eastern drainage outlets, as proposed by Clark et al. (2001). #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Thornalley, D.J.R., H. Elderfield, and I.N. McCave # Published_Date_or_Year: 2010 # Published_Title: Intermediate and Deep Water Paleoceanography of the Northern North Atlantic Over the Past 21,000 years # Journal_Name: Paleoceanography # Volume: 25 # Issue: 1 # Report Number: PA1211 # DOI: 10.1029/2009PA001833 # Abstract: Benthic foraminiferal stable isotope records from four high-resolution sediment cores, forming a depth transect between 1237 m and 2303 m on the South Iceland Rise, have been used to reconstruct intermediate and deep water paleoceanographic changes in the northern North Atlantic during the last 21 ka (spanning Termination I and the Holocene). Typically, a sampling resolution of ~100 years is attained. Deglacial core chronologies are accurately tied to North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP) ice core records through the correlation of tephra layers and changes in the percent abundance of Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) with transitions in NGRIP. The evolution from the glacial mode of circulation to the present regime is punctuated by two periods with low benthic d13C and d18O values, which do not lie on glacial or Holocene water mass mixing lines. These periods correlate with the late Younger Dryas/Early Holocene (11.5–12.2 ka) and Heinrich Stadial 1 (14.7–16.8 ka) during which time freshwater input and sea-ice formation led to brine rejection both locally and as an overflow exported from the Nordic seas into the northern North Atlantic, as earlier reported by Meland et al. (2008). The export of brine with low d13C values from the Nordic seas complicates traditional interpretations of low d13C values during the deglaciation as incursions of southern sourced water, although the spatial extent of this brine is uncertain. The records also reveal that the onset of the Younger Dryas was accompanied by an abrupt and transient (~200–300 year duration) decrease in the ventilation of the northern North Atlantic. During the Holocene, Iceland-Scotland Overflow Water only reached its modern flow strength and/or depth over the South Iceland Rise by 7–8 ka, in parallel with surface ocean reorganizations and a cessation in deglacial meltwater input to the North Atlantic. #-------------------- # Publication # Authors: Thornalley, D.J.R., H. Elderfield, and I.N. McCave # Published_Date_or_Year: 2009 # Published_Title: Holocene oscillations in temperature and salinity of the subpolar North Atlantic # Journal_Name: Nature # Volume: 457 # Issue: 5 # Pages: 711-714 # DOI: 10.1038/nature07717 # Abstract: The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) transports warm salty surface waters to high latitudes, where they cool, sink and return southwards at depth. Through its attendant meridional heat transport, the AMOC helps maintain a warm northwestern European climate, and acts as a control on the global climate. Past climate fluctuations during the Holocene epoch (~11,700 years ago to the present) have been linked with changes in North Atlantic Ocean circulation. The behaviour of the surface flowing salty water that helped drive overturning during past climatic changes is, however, not well known. Here we investigate the temperature and salinity changes of a substantial surface inflow to a region of deep-water formation throughout the Holocene. We find that the inflow has undergone millennial-scale variations in temperature and salinity (~3.5°C and ~1.5 practical salinity units, respectively) most probably controlled by subpolar gyre dynamics. The temperature and salinity variations correlate with previously reported periods of rapid climate change. The inflow becomes more saline during enhanced freshwater flux to the subpolar North Atlantic. Model studies predict a weakening of AMOC in response to enhanced Arctic freshwater fluxes, although the inflow can compensate on decadal timescales by becoming more saline. Our data suggest that such a negative feedback mechanism may have operated during past intervals of climate change. #--------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: # Grant: #--------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: RAPiD-12-1K # Location: North Atlantic Ocean # Country: # Northernmost_Latitude: 62.0905 # Southernmost_Latitude: 62.0905 # Easternmost_Longitude: -17.819667 # Westernmost_Longitude: -17.819667 # Elevation: -1938 #------------------ # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: RAPiD-12-1K planktics Th11 # Earliest_Year: 11869 # Most_Recent_Year: -21 # Time_Unit: calyr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: Please cite Thornalley, Elderfield & McCave, Nature, 2009 "Holocene oscillations in temperature and salinity of the subpolar North Atlantic" # Sample depth is top of sample. For % sand and G. inflata d13C data, please cite Thornalley, Elderfield & McCave, 2010, Paleoceanography, 2009PA001833. # Stable isotope values relative to VPDB standard, run in Godwin Laboratory, Univ. of Cambridge # # Temperature calculated using Mg/Ca = B exp (0.1 × T); B = 0.794 and 0.760 for G. bulloides and G. inflata, respectively # # Salinity calculated using Kim and O'Neil (1997) to obtain d18Osw, including a 0.6‰ offset for G. bulloides, and VPDB to SMOW conversion of 0.27‰; # Converted to salinity using Schmidt and Legrande (2006) N. Atlantic d18Osw-S relationship; # Also corrected for whole ocean d18O and salinity changes (1 per mil glacial-interglacial) scaled to Fairbanks (1989) sea-level curve # # Core-top age assignment: The core-top was not lost; assume 0cm=2004AD, but account for top 2 cm well mixed by bioturbation #------------------ # Chronology: # # #------------------ # Variables # # Data line variables format: one variable per line, shortname- 9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) # Data line format: tab-delimited text, variable short name as header ## depth_cm depth,,,cm,,,,,N ## age_calkaBP age,,,calendar kyr before 1950AD,,,,,N ## %sand sand fraction (>63 micron),,,percent,,paleoceanography,,,N ## d18Og.bull delta 18O,Globigerina bulloides,,per mil VPDB,,paleoceanography,,,N ## Mg/Ca-g.bull Magnesium Calcium ratio,Globigerina bulloides,,mmol/mol,,paleoceanography,,,N ## sst-Mg/Ca-g.bull sea surface temperature,Magnesium Calcium ratio G. bulloides,,degrees Celsius,,paleoceanography,,,N ## d18Osw-ivc-g.bull delta 18O,seawater using G. bulloides ice-volume corrected,,per mil VPDB,,paleoceanography,,,N ## sal-g.bull salinity,G. bulloides,,psu,,paleoceanography,,,N ## sal-g.bull-woc salinity,G. bulloides,,psu,,paleoceanography,with whole ocean change correction,,N ## d18Og.infla delta 18O,Globorotalia inflata,,per mil VPDB,,paleoceanography,,,N ## d13Cg.infla delta 13C,Globorotalia inflata,,per mil VPDB,,paleoceanography,,,N ## Mg/Ca-g.infla Magnesium Calcium ratio,Globorotalia inflata,,mmol/mol,,paleoceanography,,,N ## sst-Mg/Ca-g.infla sea surface temperature,Magnesium Calcium ratio G. inflata,,degrees Celsius,,paleoceanography,,,N ## d18Osw-ivc-g.infla delta 18O,seawater using G. inflata ice-volume corrected,,per mil VPDB,,paleoceanography,,,N ## sal-g.infla salinity,Globorotalia inflata,,psu,,paleoceanography,,,N ## sal-g.infla-woc salinity,Globorotalia inflata,,psu,,paleoceanography,with whole ocean change correction,,N #----------------- # Data: # Missing Value: NaN depth_cm age_calkaBP %sand d18Og.bull Mg/Ca-g.bull sst-Mg/Ca-g.bull d18Osw-ivc-g.bull sal-g.bull sal-g.bull-woc d18Og.infla d13Cg.infla Mg/Ca-g.infla sst-Mg/Ca-g.infla d18Osw-ivc-g.infla sal-g.infla sal-g.infla-woc 0 -0.021 57.36 1.66 2.385 11.00 0.21 34.88 34.88 1.74 0.92 1.800 8.62 0.34 35.14 35.14 2 0.029 56.74 1.95 2.404 11.08 0.52 35.45 35.45 1.85 0.92 1.420 6.25 -0.10 34.32 34.33 4 0.095 58.00 1.55 2.224 10.30 -0.06 34.39 34.39 1.77 1.06 1.530 6.99 -0.01 34.50 34.50 6 0.161 57.82 1.61 2.311 10.68 0.08 34.66 34.65 1.84 0.90 1.778 8.50 0.41 35.26 35.27 8 0.228 54.53 1.63 2.154 9.98 -0.06 34.41 34.40 1.77 0.96 1.665 7.84 0.19 34.85 34.86 10 0.294 61.62 1.68 2.485 11.41 0.32 35.09 35.08 1.82 0.98 1.579 7.31 0.12 34.72 34.73 12 0.360 65.29 1.71 2.277 10.54 0.14 34.78 34.77 1.85 0.94 1.533 7.02 0.07 34.64 34.65 14 0.426 65.37 1.62 2.195 10.17 -0.03 34.46 34.45 1.97 1.03 1.551 7.13 0.22 34.90 34.91 16 0.493 66.52 1.67 2.407 11.09 0.23 34.93 34.92 1.8 0.88 1.636 7.66 0.17 34.82 34.83 18 0.559 66.47 1.62 2.527 11.58 0.29 35.04 35.03 1.89 1.06 1.462 6.54 0.00 34.50 34.51 20 0.625 65.76 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.95 0.94 1.646 7.73 0.34 35.12 35.13 22 0.698 63.46 1.61 2.370 10.94 0.13 34.75 34.74 1.77 1.01 1.382 5.98 -0.26 34.04 34.06 24 0.771 59.46 1.77 2.321 10.73 0.24 34.96 34.95 1.86 0.89 1.457 6.51 -0.04 34.43 34.45 26 0.845 57.02 1.65 2.442 11.24 0.23 34.95 34.94 1.88 1.07 1.423 6.27 -0.08 34.37 34.39 28 0.918 58.45 1.65 2.340 10.81 0.13 34.77 34.75 1.97 0.99 1.664 7.83 0.37 35.19 35.21 30 0.991 64.64 1.82 2.262 10.47 0.22 34.94 34.92 NaN NaN 1.620 7.57 NaN NaN NaN 32 1.064 61.63 1.64 2.373 10.95 0.15 34.81 34.79 1.8 0.97 1.828 8.78 0.42 35.27 35.29 34 1.138 65.29 1.68 2.367 10.92 0.19 34.87 34.85 1.78 0.89 1.741 8.29 0.28 35.02 35.05 36 1.211 66.26 1.57 2.369 10.93 0.08 34.68 34.65 1.73 1.01 1.582 7.33 0.01 34.53 34.56 38 1.284 69.19 1.60 2.317 10.71 0.06 34.65 34.62 1.70 0.73 1.580 7.32 -0.02 34.47 34.50 40 1.357 69.85 1.70 2.345 10.83 0.18 34.87 34.84 1.54 0.93 1.633 7.65 -0.11 34.31 34.34 42 1.430 72.42 1.65 2.044 9.46 -0.18 34.21 34.18 1.82 0.97 1.590 7.38 0.11 34.71 34.74 44 1.504 69.41 1.65 2.368 10.93 0.15 34.82 34.78 1.7 1.05 1.606 7.48 0.01 34.53 34.56 46 1.577 68.44 1.60 2.244 10.39 -0.02 34.51 34.47 1.68 0.91 1.519 6.93 -0.14 34.25 34.28 48 1.650 66.03 1.54 2.333 10.78 0.00 34.55 34.52 1.48 0.8 1.645 7.72 -0.16 34.22 34.26 50 1.723 65.61 1.55 2.185 10.12 -0.14 34.29 34.26 1.69 0.83 1.830 8.79 0.30 35.06 35.09 52 1.797 65.22 1.62 2.355 10.87 0.10 34.73 34.70 1.34 0.76 1.562 7.20 -0.42 33.75 33.78 54 1.857 65.03 1.52 2.256 10.44 -0.09 34.38 34.34 NaN NaN 1.629 7.62 NaN NaN NaN 56 1.917 65.94 1.46 2.266 10.49 -0.15 34.28 34.24 1.49 0.86 1.679 7.93 -0.10 34.32 34.36 58 1.977 68.66 1.48 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.64 0.87 1.662 7.82 0.02 34.55 34.59 60 2.037 67.74 1.61 2.098 9.72 -0.17 34.24 34.19 1.53 0.84 1.868 8.99 0.18 34.84 34.88 62 2.098 64.89 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.78 0.90 1.635 7.66 0.12 34.73 34.77 64 2.158 64.92 1.50 2.467 11.34 0.08 34.70 34.66 NaN NaN 1.604 7.47 NaN NaN NaN 66 2.218 66.76 1.64 2.187 10.13 -0.06 34.45 34.40 1.75 0.92 1.819 8.73 0.34 35.12 35.17 68 2.278 66.67 1.39 1.955 9.01 -0.56 33.54 33.49 1.48 1.01 1.577 7.30 -0.27 34.03 34.07 70 2.339 65.94 1.59 2.290 10.59 0.00 34.56 34.51 1.69 0.91 1.832 8.80 0.29 35.03 35.08 72 2.399 68.64 1.56 2.294 10.61 -0.03 34.51 34.46 1.85 0.93 1.923 9.28 0.56 35.53 35.58 74 2.459 69.88 1.42 1.941 8.94 -0.55 33.57 33.52 1.66 0.85 1.775 8.48 0.19 34.85 34.90 76 2.519 68.68 1.54 2.483 11.40 0.13 34.80 34.74 1.7 0.96 1.969 9.52 0.46 35.35 35.40 78 2.579 67.76 1.45 2.368 10.93 -0.07 34.43 34.38 1.71 0.91 1.619 7.56 0.02 34.54 34.59 80 2.640 64.15 1.40 2.120 9.82 -0.37 33.89 33.83 1.92 1.03 1.902 9.17 0.60 35.60 35.66 82 2.700 66.85 1.58 2.259 10.46 -0.05 34.48 34.42 1.65 0.94 1.738 8.27 0.12 34.74 34.79 84 2.760 67.98 1.60 2.278 10.54 -0.01 34.55 34.49 1.78 0.96 1.946 9.40 0.51 35.44 35.50 86 2.820 68.49 1.54 2.013 9.31 -0.36 33.92 33.86 1.63 0.94 1.592 7.39 -0.11 34.31 34.38 88 2.881 68.96 1.53 2.325 10.74 -0.04 34.50 34.44 1.33 0.89 1.858 8.94 -0.05 34.42 34.48 90 2.997 68.05 1.62 2.251 10.42 -0.02 34.53 34.47 1.69 0.94 2.042 9.88 0.53 35.47 35.53 92 3.114 65.98 1.66 2.087 9.66 -0.16 34.29 34.22 1.59 0.94 1.614 7.53 -0.12 34.29 34.36 94 3.231 65.74 1.62 2.298 10.63 0.02 34.61 34.54 1.70 0.98 1.629 7.63 0.01 34.53 34.60 96 3.347 68.27 1.56 2.281 10.55 -0.06 34.47 34.40 1.33 0.76 1.695 8.02 -0.27 34.02 34.09 98 3.464 71.87 1.57 1.889 8.67 -0.48 33.71 33.63 1.66 0.89 1.614 7.53 -0.05 34.41 34.49 100 3.581 76.01 1.52 2.232 10.33 -0.15 34.31 34.23 1.59 0.93 1.607 7.49 -0.14 34.26 34.34 102 3.698 77.86 1.56 2.064 9.56 -0.29 34.06 33.98 1.71 1.00 1.649 7.75 0.04 34.58 34.66 104 3.814 78.07 1.33 2.561 11.71 -0.04 34.52 34.44 1.47 0.98 1.750 8.34 -0.06 34.39 34.47 106 3.931 79.92 1.47 2.154 9.98 -0.29 34.06 33.98 1.88 1.04 1.547 7.11 0.06 34.62 34.70 108 4.048 73.51 1.35 2.350 10.85 -0.22 34.20 34.12 1.59 0.92 1.983 9.59 0.34 35.12 35.21 110 4.164 76.74 1.31 2.156 9.99 -0.45 33.78 33.69 1.81 1.05 1.748 8.33 0.26 34.99 35.08 112 4.281 75.76 1.36 2.209 10.23 -0.35 33.96 33.87 1.64 1.01 1.624 7.59 -0.08 34.37 34.46 114 4.398 75.86 1.58 2.042 9.44 -0.31 34.03 33.94 1.62 1.03 1.659 7.81 -0.05 34.43 34.52 116 4.515 75.13 1.46 2.479 11.38 0.00 34.61 34.52 1.8 0.96 1.796 8.60 0.31 35.08 35.17 118 4.658 67.24 1.49 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.73 0.71 1.877 9.04 0.34 35.13 35.23 120 4.802 68.51 1.61 2.308 10.67 -0.01 34.59 34.49 1.66 1.01 1.644 7.72 -0.04 34.44 34.54 122 4.946 64.35 1.73 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.74 0.84 1.992 9.63 0.48 35.39 35.50 124 5.090 36.08 1.87 2.047 9.47 -0.03 34.56 34.45 1.91 1.18 1.601 7.45 0.14 34.77 34.88 126 5.234 62.50 1.92 2.121 9.82 0.10 34.81 34.69 1.83 0.95 1.789 8.56 0.32 35.09 35.20 128 5.378 75.09 1.78 2.473 11.36 0.30 35.17 35.06 1.66 0.85 1.872 9.01 0.25 34.96 35.08 130 5.522 72.00 1.43 2.041 9.44 -0.49 33.74 33.62 1.80 1.04 1.774 8.48 0.27 35.00 35.12 132 5.665 68.59 1.73 1.958 9.03 -0.28 34.12 34.00 1.34 0.81 1.952 9.43 0.02 34.55 34.67 134 5.809 72.57 NaN 2.098 9.71 NaN NaN NaN 1.81 0.98 1.659 7.81 0.11 34.71 34.84 136 5.953 71.15 1.91 2.403 11.08 0.36 35.29 35.16 1.79 0.98 1.766 8.43 0.24 34.94 35.06 138 6.097 72.95 1.69 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.78 0.90 1.562 7.21 -0.06 34.40 34.53 140 6.241 73.27 1.76 2.212 10.25 0.01 34.67 34.54 1.6 0.97 1.633 7.65 -0.14 34.25 34.38 142 6.385 71.72 1.49 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.92 1.04 1.440 6.39 -0.12 34.29 34.43 144 6.529 68.99 NaN 1.895 8.70 NaN NaN NaN 1.65 0.87 1.608 7.49 -0.13 34.27 34.41 146 6.624 72.53 1.59 2.078 9.62 -0.30 34.11 33.96 1.89 0.99 1.455 6.50 -0.12 34.28 34.43 148 6.719 73.30 1.42 2.295 10.62 -0.25 34.20 34.05 1.44 0.84 1.509 6.86 -0.50 33.61 33.75 150 6.814 74.93 1.47 2.188 10.14 -0.31 34.08 33.94 1.90 0.96 1.442 6.41 -0.14 34.25 34.39 152 6.909 72.50 1.41 2.210 10.23 -0.35 34.02 33.87 1.61 0.91 1.583 7.34 -0.22 34.11 34.26 154 7.004 70.01 1.61 2.019 9.33 -0.36 34.01 33.86 1.86 1.06 1.386 6.01 -0.29 33.99 34.14 156 7.099 68.05 1.53 2.508 11.50 0.05 34.75 34.60 1.47 0.88 1.449 6.45 -0.57 33.47 33.63 158 7.195 71.78 1.51 2.179 10.10 -0.29 34.14 33.99 1.86 0.96 1.462 6.54 -0.16 34.22 34.37 160 7.290 74.11 1.91 2.153 9.98 0.08 34.82 34.66 1.59 0.92 1.454 6.49 -0.44 33.70 33.86 164 7.480 75.59 1.49 2.237 10.36 -0.25 34.21 34.05 1.47 0.84 1.598 7.43 -0.35 33.88 34.04 168 7.670 65.84 1.54 2.381 10.98 -0.07 34.55 34.39 1.61 0.86 1.568 7.24 -0.25 34.05 34.21 172 7.861 63.29 1.62 2.107 9.76 -0.26 34.19 34.03 1.47 0.78 1.542 7.08 -0.43 33.72 33.89 176 8.051 61.85 NaN 2.085 9.65 NaN NaN NaN 1.69 0.87 1.516 6.91 -0.25 34.05 34.21 180 8.092 54.46 1.58 2.215 10.26 -0.19 34.33 34.16 1.62 0.87 1.534 7.02 -0.30 33.97 34.14 184 8.133 51.44 1.46 2.336 10.79 -0.19 34.33 34.16 1.52 0.82 1.743 8.30 -0.10 34.33 34.49 188 8.174 51.04 1.42 2.385 11.00 -0.19 34.34 34.17 1.6 0.9 1.499 6.79 -0.37 33.83 34.00 192 8.216 42.34 1.33 2.097 9.71 -0.57 33.65 33.48 1.29 0.68 1.455 6.49 -0.75 33.14 33.31 196 8.257 42.97 1.48 1.990 9.19 -0.54 33.70 33.53 1.63 0.78 1.512 6.88 -0.32 33.92 34.09 200 8.298 37.24 1.60 2.461 11.31 0.06 34.79 34.63 1.39 0.59 1.562 7.20 -0.49 33.62 33.79 204 8.339 38.04 1.49 1.989 9.18 -0.53 33.71 33.55 1.58 0.8 1.622 7.58 -0.21 34.13 34.30 208 8.380 37.71 1.44 1.998 9.23 -0.57 33.64 33.48 1.63 0.8 1.586 7.36 -0.21 34.13 34.29 212 8.421 48.63 1.53 2.419 11.14 -0.04 34.60 34.43 1.78 0.88 1.600 7.45 -0.04 34.43 34.60 216 8.463 50.05 NaN 2.183 10.11 NaN NaN NaN 1.82 0.73 1.782 8.52 0.25 34.96 35.13 220 8.527 44.36 1.56 1.996 9.22 -0.46 33.85 33.68 1.97 0.85 1.561 7.20 0.09 34.67 34.84 224 8.592 38.51 1.56 2.233 10.34 -0.20 34.32 34.14 1.92 0.85 1.600 7.44 0.09 34.67 34.85 228 8.657 41.94 1.47 2.134 9.89 -0.40 33.96 33.78 2.06 0.79 1.610 7.50 0.24 34.95 35.13 232 8.722 41.09 1.67 2.302 10.64 -0.03 34.63 34.45 1.86 0.75 1.731 8.23 0.21 34.88 35.07 236 8.787 37.83 1.48 1.980 9.14 -0.57 33.66 33.47 2.08 0.81 1.660 7.81 0.32 35.10 35.29 240 8.852 37.90 1.42 2.165 10.03 -0.43 33.92 33.73 1.76 0.7 1.675 7.90 0.02 34.55 34.74 244 8.917 44.03 1.55 2.135 9.89 -0.33 34.10 33.90 1.86 0.56 1.974 9.55 0.50 35.41 35.61 248 8.982 60.09 1.41 1.881 8.63 -0.77 33.31 33.11 1.85 0.61 1.656 7.79 0.08 34.65 34.85 252 9.047 62.58 1.69 2.185 10.12 -0.15 34.44 34.24 1.86 0.56 1.801 8.63 0.28 35.01 35.22 256 9.112 57.11 1.42 2.293 10.61 -0.31 34.15 33.94 1.77 0.63 2.075 10.05 0.51 35.43 35.64 260 9.176 51.58 1.58 2.234 10.35 -0.22 34.33 34.11 1.85 0.56 1.729 8.22 0.17 34.81 35.03 264 9.241 54.90 1.26 2.077 9.61 -0.71 33.44 33.22 1.9 0.67 1.695 8.02 0.17 34.81 35.03 268 9.306 51.14 1.61 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.85 0.69 1.842 8.85 0.30 35.06 35.29 272 9.371 53.79 1.26 2.207 10.22 -0.58 33.69 33.46 1.78 0.54 1.839 8.83 0.22 34.92 35.15 276 9.436 52.12 NaN 2.085 9.66 NaN NaN NaN 1.81 0.61 1.669 7.87 0.02 34.55 34.79 280 9.501 56.47 1.49 2.546 11.65 -0.04 34.68 34.44 1.84 0.53 1.857 8.93 0.29 35.04 35.29 284 9.566 66.74 1.49 2.181 10.10 -0.39 34.04 33.79 1.97 0.65 1.723 8.19 0.25 34.96 35.21 288 9.631 60.92 1.48 2.129 9.86 -0.46 33.92 33.66 1.87 0.63 NaN 11.10 0.81 35.98 36.23 292 9.696 58.48 1.59 2.345 10.83 -0.14 34.51 34.25 1.91 0.62 1.845 8.87 0.33 35.11 35.38 296 9.761 56.80 1.36 2.701 12.24 -0.06 34.67 34.40 1.93 0.43 2.130 10.31 0.67 35.74 36.00 300 9.826 46.06 1.62 2.259 10.45 -0.20 34.41 34.14 1.88 0.61 1.955 9.45 0.43 35.28 35.56 304 9.843 46.83 1.49 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.72 0.4 2.080 10.07 0.41 35.25 35.52 308 9.861 41.23 1.56 2.221 10.29 -0.31 34.23 33.95 1.81 0.56 1.788 8.55 0.15 34.78 35.05 312 9.878 45.53 1.44 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.86 0.51 1.891 9.12 0.33 35.10 35.38 316 9.896 55.16 1.50 2.073 9.59 -0.53 33.83 33.55 1.74 0.51 1.879 9.05 0.19 34.85 35.13 320 9.913 34.24 1.45 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.79 0.69 1.815 8.71 0.16 34.80 35.08 324 9.931 51.11 1.51 2.246 10.40 -0.33 34.18 33.90 1.92 0.57 2.062 9.98 0.58 35.57 35.85 328 9.948 25.49 1.46 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.82 0.46 1.831 8.79 0.21 34.89 35.17 332 9.966 57.70 1.40 2.095 9.70 -0.60 33.69 33.41 1.87 0.59 1.717 8.15 0.11 34.71 34.99 336 9.983 51.58 1.51 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.83 0.68 1.718 8.15 0.07 34.63 34.92 340 10.001 63.90 1.48 2.163 10.02 -0.45 33.97 33.68 1.95 0.65 1.756 8.38 0.24 34.94 35.23 343 10.014 56.13 1.59 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.86 0.68 1.702 8.06 0.08 34.65 34.93 347 10.031 56.82 1.57 2.291 10.60 -0.24 34.37 34.08 1.71 0.55 1.884 9.08 0.16 34.80 35.08 351 10.049 56.54 1.38 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.72 0.49 1.676 7.91 -0.10 34.32 34.61 355 10.066 54.24 1.60 2.062 9.54 -0.45 33.99 33.70 1.95 0.57 1.947 9.41 0.47 35.36 35.65 359 10.084 57.08 1.40 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.88 0.43 1.774 8.48 0.19 34.85 35.14 363 10.101 54.13 1.60 2.291 10.60 -0.21 34.42 34.13 2.11 0.68 1.785 8.54 0.43 35.29 35.58 367 10.119 52.64 1.53 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.97 0.74 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 371 10.136 24.67 1.38 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.83 0.57 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 376 10.158 54.49 1.57 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.09 0.56 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 380 10.176 52.37 1.60 2.128 9.86 -0.38 34.11 33.81 1.88 0.52 1.780 8.51 0.19 34.85 35.15 384 10.193 48.32 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2 0.64 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 388 10.211 45.02 1.31 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.79 0.32 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 392 10.222 48.76 1.64 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.01 0.59 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 396 10.234 50.49 1.53 2.321 10.73 -0.26 34.34 34.04 1.99 0.59 1.860 8.95 0.39 35.23 35.53 400 10.245 52.52 1.67 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.94 0.59 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 404 10.257 40.57 1.67 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.93 0.66 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 408 10.269 42.70 1.78 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.85 0.59 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 412 10.280 43.41 1.66 2.152 9.97 -0.30 34.26 33.95 2.03 0.34 1.694 8.02 0.22 34.90 35.21 416 10.292 40.66 1.64 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.85 0.48 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 420 10.304 35.35 1.64 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.96 0.55 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 424 10.315 33.75 1.70 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2 0.52 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 428 10.327 32.00 1.57 2.379 10.97 -0.17 34.51 34.20 1.95 0.54 1.682 7.94 0.12 34.72 35.03 432 10.338 32.78 1.66 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.88 0.43 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 436 10.350 36.27 1.40 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.86 0.34 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 440 10.362 33.83 1.43 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.02 0.47 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 444 10.373 30.29 1.45 2.129 9.86 -0.55 33.83 33.52 1.93 0.41 1.808 8.67 0.26 34.98 35.30 448 10.385 26.26 1.34 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.05 0.53 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 452 10.418 25.74 1.58 2.587 11.81 0.02 34.86 34.55 1.87 0.4 1.815 8.71 0.21 34.89 35.20 456 10.451 16.73 1.49 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2 0.5 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 460 10.483 33.82 1.70 2.416 11.13 -0.02 34.80 34.48 2.08 0.45 1.883 9.07 0.50 35.41 35.73 464 10.516 31.80 1.59 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.98 0.43 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 468 10.549 30.84 1.63 2.066 9.56 -0.45 34.02 33.70 2.04 0.44 2.068 10.01 0.67 35.72 36.05 472 10.582 27.11 1.73 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.93 0.37 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 476 10.614 20.38 1.83 2.115 9.80 -0.20 34.48 34.15 2.07 0.37 2.091 10.12 0.72 35.81 36.14 480 10.647 18.17 1.78 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.92 0.3 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 484 10.674 29.61 1.80 2.282 10.56 -0.06 34.74 34.40 1.92 0.4 2.009 9.72 0.47 35.37 35.70 488 10.701 33.80 1.83 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.03 0.39 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 492 10.729 37.36 1.84 2.249 10.41 -0.05 34.75 34.41 1.97 0.39 2.012 9.74 0.52 35.46 35.80 496 10.756 32.93 1.68 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.03 0.43 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 500 10.783 24.72 1.85 2.194 10.16 -0.10 34.66 34.32 2.02 0.42 2.097 10.15 0.66 35.72 36.06 504 10.810 27.30 1.70 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.01 0.33 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 508 10.838 26.71 1.97 2.423 11.16 0.24 35.29 34.94 2.01 0.36 1.990 9.62 0.53 35.47 35.82 512 10.865 27.23 1.75 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.97 0.4 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 516 10.892 26.50 1.82 2.270 10.51 -0.06 34.74 34.39 NaN NaN 2.078 10.06 NaN NaN NaN 520 10.919 23.09 1.76 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 1.99 0.2 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 524 10.946 19.77 1.79 2.409 11.10 0.04 34.93 34.58 2.13 0.36 2.030 9.82 0.69 35.76 36.12 528 10.974 24.18 1.94 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.14 0.29 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 532 11.001 24.03 2.05 2.410 11.10 0.29 35.40 35.05 2.09 0.13 1.939 9.37 0.54 35.49 35.85 536 11.028 21.30 1.89 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.21 0.27 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 540 11.055 24.53 2.02 2.407 11.09 0.26 35.34 34.98 NaN NaN 2.170 10.49 NaN NaN NaN 544 11.083 27.94 2.03 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.2 0.32 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 548 11.110 17.20 1.85 2.308 10.67 -0.01 34.86 34.49 2.11 0.24 1.862 8.96 0.46 35.35 35.71 552 11.137 17.14 1.93 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.2 0.28 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 556 11.164 16.96 1.91 2.322 10.73 0.05 34.98 34.60 2.12 0.11 2.321 11.17 0.96 36.25 36.63 560 11.191 14.56 2.11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.19 0.22 1.805 8.65 0.45 35.33 35.71 564 11.219 19.77 1.96 1.989 9.18 -0.26 34.42 34.03 2.26 0.33 2.086 10.10 0.85 36.05 36.44 568 11.246 20.53 2.11 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN #N/A 1.805 8.65 NaN NaN NaN 572 11.273 20.68 2.06 1.988 9.18 -0.17 34.60 34.19 2.34 0.46 2.127 10.29 0.96 36.25 36.66 576 11.300 20.18 1.87 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 2.34 0.3 2.037 9.86 0.86 36.07 36.47 580 11.327 19.96 2.05 2.284 10.57 0.12 35.14 34.73 2.25 0.42 2.139 10.35 0.87 36.10 36.51 584 11.355 22.24 2.03 2.072 9.59 -0.12 34.70 34.28 2.3 0.5 1.885 9.08 0.63 35.65 36.07 588 11.391 24.73 2.03 1.995 9.21 -0.22 34.54 34.11 2.25 0.51 1.625 7.60 0.23 34.92 35.35 592 11.430 14.31 1.97 2.075 9.60 -0.20 34.59 34.15 2.44 0.55 1.909 9.21 0.78 35.93 36.37 596 11.469 9.76 2.17 1.929 8.88 -0.17 34.64 34.20 2.37 0.59 1.901 9.17 0.70 35.77 36.22 600 11.508 10.41 2.29 1.999 9.23 0.02 35.00 34.55 2.32 0.21 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 604 11.547 6.49 2.31 1.811 8.25 -0.19 34.62 34.16 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 608 11.586 4.37 2.44 2.101 9.73 0.27 35.44 34.97 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 611 11.615 4.62 2.14 1.931 8.89 -0.22 34.54 34.07 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 615 11.654 7.07 2.24 2.045 9.46 0.01 34.96 34.49 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 619 11.693 8.54 2.16 2.358 10.89 0.25 35.41 34.93 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 623 11.732 9.35 2.24 1.935 8.91 -0.13 34.73 34.25 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN 627 11.771 11.49 2.05 2.126 9.85 -0.10 34.78 34.30 2.4 0.49 1.945 9.40 0.73 35.84 36.32 631 11.810 15.85 1.99 1.991 9.19 -0.32 34.40 33.91 NaN NaN 1.894 9.13 NaN NaN NaN 635 11.849 11.57 2.15 2.261 10.46 0.13 35.22 34.73 2.47 0.47 1.868 8.99 0.71 35.79 36.28 637 11.869 9.62 2.09 2.168 10.05 -0.02 34.94 34.45 2.37 0.41 1.809 8.67 0.53 35.48 35.96