# Eastern Equatorial Pacific Stable Isotope and Geochemistry Data since the Last Glacial Termination #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # World Data Service for Paleoclimatology, Boulder # and # NOAA Paleoclimatology Program #----------------------------------------------------------------------- # Template Version 3.0 # Encoding: UTF-8 # NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data. # If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed. # # Description/Documentation lines begin with # # Data lines have no # # # Online_Resource: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/31672 # Description: NOAA Landing Page # Online_Resource: https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/stott2019/stott2019-odp1242.txt # Description: NOAA location of the template # # # Data_Type: Paleoceanography # # Dataset_DOI: # # Parameter_Keywords: carbon isotopes, oxygen isotopes, trace metals in carbonates #--------------------------------------- # Contribution_Date # Date: 2020-10-26 #--------------------------------------- # File_Last_Modified_Date # Date: 2020-10-26 #--------------------------------------- # Title # Study_Name: Eastern Equatorial Pacific Stable Isotope and Geochemistry Data since the Last Glacial Termination #--------------------------------------- # Investigators # Investigators: Stott, Lowell D.; Harazin, Kathleen M.; Quintana Krupinski, Nadine B. #--------------------------------------- # Description_Notes_and_Keywords # Description: # Provided Keywords: pCO2, hydrotheral carbon, glacial termination #--------------------------------------- # Publication # Authors: Stott, Lowell D., Kathleen M. Harazin, and Nadine B. Quintana Krupinski # Published_Date_or_Year: 2019 # Published_Title: Hydrothermal carbon release to the ocean and atmosphere from the eastern equatorial Pacific during the last glacial termination # Journal_Name: Environmental Research Letters # Volume: 14 # Edition: # Issue: # Pages: # Report_Number: # DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aafe28 # Online_Resource: # Full_Citation: # Abstract: Arguably among the most globally impactful climate changes in Earth's past million years are the glacial terminations that punctuated the Pleistocene epoch. With the acquisition and analysis of marine and continental records, including ice cores, it is now clear that the Earth's climate was responding profoundly to changes in greenhouse gases that accompanied those glacial terminations. But the ultimate forcing responsible for the greenhouse gas variability remains elusive. The oceans must play a central role in any hypothesis that attempt to explain the systematic variations in pCO2 because the Ocean is a giant carbon capacitor, regulating carbon entering and leaving the atmosphere. For a long time, geological processes that regulate fluxes of carbon to and from the oceans were thought to operate too slowly to account for any of the systematic variations in atmospheric pCO2 that accompanied glacial cycles during the Pleistocene. Here we investigate the role that Earth's hydrothermal systems had in affecting the flux of carbon to the ocean and ultimately, the atmosphere during the last glacial termination. We document late glacial and deglacial intervals of anomalously old 14C reservoir ages, large benthic-planktic foraminifera 14C age differences, and increased deposition of hydrothermal metals in marine sediments from the eastern equatorial Pacific (EEP) that indicate a significant release of hydrothermal fluids entered the ocean at the last glacial termination. The large 14C anomaly was accompanied by a ~4-fold increase in Zn/Ca in both benthic and planktic foraminifera that reflects an increase in dissolved [Zn] throughout the water column. Foraminiferal B/Ca and Li/Ca results from these sites document deglacial declines in [] throughout the water column; these were accompanied by carbonate dissolution at water depths that today lie well above the calcite lysocline. Taken together, these results are strong evidence for an increased flux of hydrothermally-derived carbon through the EEP upwelling system at the last glacial termination that would have exchanged with the atmosphere and affected both ?14C and pCO2. These data do not quantify the amount of carbon released to the atmosphere through the EEP upwelling system but indicate that geologic forcing must be incorporated into models that attempt to simulate the cyclic nature of glacial/interglacial climate variability. Importantly, these results underscore the need to put better constraints on the flux of carbon from geologic reservoirs that affect the global carbon budget. #--------------------------------------- # Funding_Agency # Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation # Grant: OCE, MG&G 1558990 #--------------------------------------- # Site_Information # Site_Name: ODP 1242A # Location: eastern Pacific Ocean # Northernmost_Latitude: 7.855867 # Southernmost_Latitude: 7.855867 # Easternmost_Longitude: -83.606967 # Westernmost_Longitude: -83.606967 # Elevation: -1364 #--------------------------------------- # Data_Collection # Collection_Name: ODP1242A isotopes Stott2019 # First_Year: 23000 # Last_Year: 0 # Time_Unit: cal yr BP # Core_Length: # Notes: Piston Core #--------------------------------------- # Chronology_Information # Chronology: # # Labcode sample identification used by University of California AMS 14C laboratory # Depth_cm Depth (cm) mid. point within 2cm thick sample # mat.dated Material Dated # wt. Sample weight (mg) # Plk.14C.raw Planktic conventional radiocarbon age, years before 1950AD # Ben. 14C.raw Benthic conventional radiocarbon age, years before 1950AD # 14C.raw_err radiocarbon age, standard error # datemeth Dating method # notes Notes # # Labcode Depth_cm mat.dated wt. Plk. 14C.raw Ben. 14C.raw 14C.raw_err datemeth notes # # 111860 129 Mixed Benthics 3.916 NaN 10195 30 14C AMS NaN # 111859 161 Mixed Planktonics 3.138 10460 NaN 60 14C AMS NaN # 110011 161 Mixed Benthics 2.197 NaN 11215 35 14C AMS NaN # 110010 171 Mixed Planktonics 3.645 11015 NaN 30 14C AMS NaN # 111862 171 Mixed Benthics 2.046 NaN 11500 100 14C AMS NaN # 111861 181 Mixed Planktonics 6.106 11445 NaN 30 14C AMS NaN # 110013 181 Mixed Benthics 3.563 NaN 12480 35 14C AMS NaN # 110012 201 Mixed Planktonics 6.327 12350 NaN 30 14C AMS NaN # 109031 201 Mixed Benthics 4.077 NaN 13110 35 14C AMS NaN # 109030 211 Mixed Planktonics 4.063 12875 NaN 35 14C AMS NaN # 109033 211 Mixed Benthics 2.538 NaN 13625 50 14C AMS NaN # 109032 221 Mixed Planktonics 6.162 13450 NaN 30 14C AMS NaN # 109035 221 Mixed Benthics 2.229 NaN 14210 80 14C AMS NaN # 109034 231 Mixed Planktonics 4.392 14060 NaN 35 14C AMS NaN # 109037 231 Mixed Benthics 2.41 NaN 14800 60 14C AMS NaN # 109036 261 Mixed Planktonics 6.007 15465 NaN 40 14C AMS NaN # 110014 261 Mixed Benthics 3.481 NaN 16190 45 14C AMS NaN # 108035 269 Mixed Planktonics 2.342 15800 NaN 150 14C AMS NaN # 110015 269 Mixed Benthics 3.711 NaN 17050 70 14C AMS NaN # 108036 291 Mixed Planktonics 5.834 16960 NaN 45 14C AMS NaN # 110016 291 Mixed Benthics 3.561 NaN 18740 60 14C AMS NaN # 108037 301 Mixed Planktonics 3.464 17020 NaN 55 14C AMS NaN # 108039 301 Mixed Benthics 4.529 NaN 19120 60 14C AMS NaN # 108038 311 Mixed Benthics 2.829 NaN 18980 350 14C AMS NaN # 108040 323 Mixed Planktonics 2.386 18030 NaN 80 14C AMS NaN # 108042 323 Mixed Benthics 4.06 NaN 19970 80 14C AMS NaN # 108041 331 Mixed Planktonics 3.834 19470 NaN 70 14C AMS NaN # 110017 331 Mixed Benthics 3.044 NaN 20590 80 14C AMS NaN # 108043 341 Mixed Planktonics 5.363 20170 NaN 70 14C AMS NaN # 110018 341 Mixed Benthics 2.306 NaN 20720 90 14C AMS NaN # 108044 361 Mixed Planktonics 2.439 21230 NaN 110 14C AMS NaN # 110019 361 Mixed Benthics 3.209 NaN 22160 90 14C AMS NaN # 108045 NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN NaN # #--------------------------------------- # Variables # Data variables follow that are preceded by "##" in columns one and two. # Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) ## depth_cm depth,,,centimeter,,paleoceanography,,,N, ## d18O delta 18O,Cibicidoides mundulus,,per mil VPDB,,paleoceanography,anomalized,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,Benthic foraminifera ## d13C delta 18O,Cibicidoides mundulus,,per mil VPDB,,paleoceanography,anomalized,isotope ratio mass spectrometry,N,Benthic foraminifera ## Carbonate notes,,,,,paleoceanography,,,C,Observations of carbonate and aragonite relative abundance and preservation #------------------------ # Data: # Data lines follow (have no #) # Data line format - tab-delimited text, variable short name as header # Missing_Values: -999 depth_cm d18O d13C Carbonate 11.00 -0.06 2.48 -999 20.00 -0.01 2.38 -999 40.00 0.02 2.49 -999 51.00 0.03 2.77 -999 59.00 -0.04 2.44 -999 71.00 -0.09 2.50 -999 81.00 -0.07 2.81 -999 93.00 -0.06 2.53 -999 101.00 -0.08 2.54 -999 112.00 -0.13 2.55 Almost no forams at this interval. Not enough for AMS sample. This continues to the top of the core 120.00 -0.15 2.73 No G.ruber found, planktonic foraminifera heavily fragmented 129.00 -999 -999 No G.ruber found, planktonic foraminifera heavily fragmented 141.00 -999 -999 No G.ruber found, planktonic foraminifera heavily fragmented 151.00 -0.18 2.88 -999 161.00 -999 -999 Very low foram abundance 181.00 -0.54 3.09 -999 189.00 -0.34 3.46 Even lower foram abundance than at 251cm; benthics partially dissolved 201.00 -0.55 3.54 -999 211.00 -0.48 3.40 -999 221.00 -0.38 3.65 -999 231.00 -0.28 3.59 -999 241.00 -0.24 4.14 -999 251.00 -0.15 4.29 A clear decline in foram abundance; benthics partially dissolved 261.00 -0.34 4.09 -999 269.00 -0.22 4.00 -999 281.00 -0.23 4.28 A clear decline in foram abundance. First appearance of benthics partially dissolved 291.00 -0.30 4.02 Slight foram adundance and preservation decline compared to 441cm 301.00 -0.21 3.95 Slight foram adundance and preservation decline compared to 441cm 311.00 -0.16 3.67 -999 321.00 -0.34 4.06 -999 323.00 -999 -999 Slight decline in foram abundance compared to 441cm. Orbulina is present in this interval 331.00 -0.25 3.97 -999 341.00 -0.26 3.97 -999 351.00 -0.17 3.95 -999 361.00 -0.20 3.94 -999 371.00 -0.16 3.95 -999 381.00 -0.17 3.76 -999 391.00 -0.25 3.85 -999 401.00 -0.19 3.63 -999 411.00 -0.25 3.66 -999 421.00 -0.29 3.72 -999 431.00 -0.17 3.56 -999 441.00 -0.17 3.56 Glacial: High foram abundance, preservation good 449.00 -0.12 3.84 -999