# Eastern Equatorial Pacific Water Column Thorium Isotope Data
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#              World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder 
#                                  and 
#                       NOAA Paleoclimatology Program 
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# NOTE: Please cite original publication, online resource and date accessed when using this data.
# If there is no publication information, please cite Investigator, title, online resource and date accessed.
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#  Online_Resource: http://www.hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/pls/paleox/f?p=519:1:::::P1_STUDY_ID:
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# Original_Source_URL: ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/paleo/contributions_by_author/singh2013/singh2013
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# Archive: Paleoceanography
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# Contribution_Date
# Date: 2013-10-30
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# Title: Eastern Equatorial Pacific Water Column Thorium Isotope Data
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# Investigators: Singh, A.; Marcantonio, F.; Lyle, M.
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# Description and Notes 
#   Description: Eight deep-water casts were all taken during cruise MV1014. Standard uranium series analysis by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used.
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# Publication 
#   Authors: Singh, A., F. Marcantonio and M. Lyle
#   Journal_Name: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
#   Published_Title: Dissolved 230Th-232Th Dynamics in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean
#   Published_Date_or_Year: 2013
#   Volume: 362
#   Pages: 294-304
#   DOI: 
# Abstract: In an effort to investigate the cause of higher-than-expected sediment inventories of 230Th in the Panama Basin, thorium isotopes were measured in eight deep-water casts within the Guatemala, Panama, and Peru Basins along a meridional transect at ~86°W between 6.5°N and 8.5°S. Dissolved 230Th concentrations increase linearly from the surface to 1000 m at each transect station. Below 1000 m, the deep waters of the Panama Basin show the highest deficit (~50%) of 230Th assuming a reversible exchange of 230Th between dissolved and sinking particulate matter, and in comparison with the globally averaged water-column 230Th. Peru Basin waters have a larger range of dissolved 230Th concentrations (7.9-16.5 fg/kg) than that within Panama Basin waters (5.7-7.1 fg/kg). There is a progressive decrease in average dissolved deep-water (>1000 m) 230Th concentrations from the southernmost sites in the Peru Basin toward the Panama Basin. We suggest that intense scavenging by upwelling-derived-productivity near the equator (±2º) and resuspension of ubiquitous Mn-rich particulates in Panama Basin sediments are the primary causes of the significant south-to-north lateral gradient in deep-water dissolved 230Th. Although 230Th from Peru Basin waters may be transported and then scavenged and ultimately buried in the Panama Basin, our calculations suggest that the quantity of advected 230Th is relatively small (between 15-30% of the total 230Th being produced within water column of the Panama Basin itself). Panama Basin sediment focusing factors greater than 1.3 cannot be explained by lateral export and excess scavenging of water column 230Th. Dissolved 232Th concentrations, in addition to being the lowest reported so far in the literature, fall within a very narrow range (6 pg/kg to 26 pg/kg), and are generally invariable with depth. This invariability suggests the dissolution of dust in surface waters as a likely sole source of dissolved 232Th for the entire water column.
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# Funding_Agency: 
#    Funding_Agency_Name: National Science Foundation
#    Grant: OCE-0851056
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# Site Information: 
# 	Site_Name: WC-13
#   	Location: Eastern Pacific Ocean
#	 Northernmost_Latitude: -8.3  
# 	 Southernmost_Latitude: -8.3
# 	 Easternmost_Longitude: -88
#  	Westernmost_Longitude:  -88
# 	Elevation:  -4178
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# Data Collection 
# 	Collection_Name: WC-13 Singh13 
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# 	Chronology    
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# 	Variables    
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# 	Data variables follow (have no #)
# 	Data line variables format:  Variables list, one per line, shortname-tab-longname-tab-longname components (9 components: what, material, error, units, seasonality, archive, detail, method, C or N for Character or Numeric data) 

# Data: