Arabian Sea 20KYr Carbonate and Stable Isotope Data ----------------------------------------------------------------------- World Data Center for Paleoclimatology, Boulder and NOAA Paleoclimatology Program ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTE: PLEASE CITE ORIGINAL REFERENCE WHEN USING THIS DATA!!!!! NAME OF DATA SET: Arabian Sea 20KYr Carbonate and Stable Isotope Data LAST UPDATE: 1/2011 (addition of data for core RC27-28) 10/2010 (Original receipt by WDC Paleo) CONTRIBUTORS: Overpeck, J., D. Anderson, S. Trumbore, and W. Prell IGBP PAGES/WDCA CONTRIBUTION SERIES NUMBER: 2010-121 WDC PALEO CONTRIBUTION SERIES CITATION: Overpeck, J.T., et al. 2010. Arabian Sea 20KYr Carbonate and Stable Isotope Data. IGBP PAGES/World Data Center for Paleoclimatology Data Contribution Series # 2010-121. NOAA/NCDC Paleoclimatology Program, Boulder CO, USA. ORIGINAL REFERENCE: Overpeck, J., D. Anderson, S. Trumbore, and W. Prell. 2010. The southwest Indian Monsoon over the last 18 000 years. Climate Dynamics, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 213-225. DOI: 10.1007/BF00211619 ABSTRACT: Previously published results suggest that the strength of the SW Indian Monsoon can vary significantly on century- to millennium time scales, an observation that has important implications for assessments of future climate and hydrologic change over densely populated portions of Asia. We present new, well-dated, multi-proxy records of past monsoon variation from three separate Arabian Sea sediment cores that span the last glacial maximum to late-Holocene. To a large extent, these records confirm earlier published suggestions that the monsoon strengthened in a series of abrupt events over the last deglaciation. However, our data provide a somewhat refined picture of when these events took place, and suggest the primacy of two abrupt increases in monsoon intensity, one between 13 and 12.5 ka, and the other between 10 and 9.5 ka. This conclusion is supported by the comparisons between our new marine data and published paleoclimatic records throughout the African-Asian monsoon region. The comparison of data sets further supports the assertion that maximum monsoon intensity lagged peak insolation forcing by about 3000 years, and extended from about 9.5 to 5.5 ka. The episodes of rapid monsoon intensification coincided with major shifts in North Atlantic-European surface temperatures and ice-sheet extent. This coincidence, coupled with new climate model experiments, suggests that the large land-sea thermal gradient needed to drive strong monsoons developed only after glacial conditions upstream of, and on, the Tibetan Plateau receded (cold North Atlantic sea-surface temperatures, European ice-sheets, and extensive Asian snow cover). It is likely that abrupt changes in seasonal soil hydrology were as important to past monsoon forcing as were abrupt snow-related changes in regional albedo. Our analysis suggests that the monsoon responded more linearly to insolation forcing after the disappearance of glacial boundary conditions, decreasing gradually after about 6 ka. Our data also support the possibility that significant century-scale decreases in monsoon intensity took place during the early to mid-Holocene period of enhanced monsoon strength, further highlighting the need to understand paleomonsoon dynamics before accurate assessments of future monsoon strength can be made. ADDITIONAL REFERENCE: Anderson, D.M. 1991. Foraminifer evidence of monsoon upwelling off Oman during the late Quaternary. PhD thesis, Brown University. GEOGRAPHIC REGION: Arabian Sea PERIOD OF RECORD: 20KYrBP - present FUNDING SOURCES: US National Science Foundation, US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, France CNRS. DESCRIPTION: High-resolution carbonate concentration and foraminiferal stable isotope data from 2 marine sediment cores in the Arabian Sea, ~150 km offshore Oman, as a proxy for SW Indian Monsoon strength over the past 20,000 years. Core RC27-14: 18.25°N, 57.66°E, 590m water depth Core RC27-23: 18.00°N, 57.59°E, 815m water depth DATA: 1. AMS data typed in from data sheets Depths are the upper edge of a 1cm slab G. bulloides is Globigerina Bulloides, N. dut is Neogloboquadrina dutertrei hi,lo are age+error and age-error for plotting Core Depth Species Age Age-400 Errors hi lo 2-sigma 13C ETH LDGO RC2714 22 G. bull 5960 5560 70 5630 5490 RC2714 48 N. dut 7350 6950 80 7030 6870 160 0.0+/-1.2 5996 1139 g115 6950 RC2714 76.5 N. dut 9460 9060 90 9150 8970 180 0.7+/-1.4 5997 1140 g116 9060 RC2714 106 N. dut 10960 10560 90 10650 10470 180 -5.4+/-1.0 5999 1142 g118 10560 RC2714 126 N. dut 12300 11900 120 12020 11780 240 3.6+/-1.7 6000 1143 g119 11900 RC2714 152.5 N. dut 14290 13890 120 14010 13770 240 -1.2+/-1.1 6001 1152 g120 13890 RC2714 176 N. dut 16410 16010 150 16160 15860 300 1.1+/-1.2 6002 1153 g121 16010 RC2714 225 N. dut 17910 17510 170 17680 17340 340 0.9+/-1.3 6003 1154 g122 17510 RC2714 240 N. dut 19240 18840 210 19050 18630 420 23.2+/-1.2! 6004 1155 g123 18840 RC2714 275 N. dut 21740 21340 240 21580 21100 480 -3.4+/-1.3 6005 1156 g124 21340 RC2723 22 G. bull 2530 2130 70 2200 2060 RC2723 62 G. bull 5040 4640 70 4710 4570 RC2723 62 N. dut 4940 4540 80 4620 4460 RC2723 92 G. bull 7500 7100 100 7200 7000 RC2723 92 N. dut 7190 6790 70 6860 6720 RC2723 92 N. dut 7180 6780 80 6860 6700 RC2723 122 G. bull 9750 9350 100 9450 9250 RC2723 122 N. dut 9770 9370 100 9470 9270 RC2723 142 G. bull 9850 9450 120 9570 9330 RC2723 142 N. dut 10340 9940 110 10050 9830 RC2723 162 G. bull 11610 11210 110 11320 11100 RC2723 162 N. dut 11200 10800 140 10940 10660 RC2723 182 G. bull 12780 12380 140 12520 12240 RC2723 203 G. bull 14550 14150 160 14310 13990 RC2723 262 G. bull 18210 17810 180 17990 17630 RC2723 272.5 G. bull 14410 14010 220 14230 13790 RC2723 272.5 N. dut 15660 15260 150 15410 15110 RC2723 342 G. bull 23020 22620 290 22910 22330 RC2723 458 G. bull 27320 26920 530 27450 26390 RC2828 20 N. dut 4815 4415 80 4495 4335 RC2828 35 N. dut 5160 4760 75 4835 4685 RC2828 70 N. dut 7080 6680 85 6765 6595 RC2828 102 N. dut 9350 8950 100 9050 8850 RC2828 120 N. dut 10180 9780 110 9890 9670 RC2828 140 N. dut 10920 10520 110 10630 10410 RC2828 150 N. dut 13080 12680 130 12810 12550 RC2828 170 N. dut 14190 13790 140 13930 13650 RC2828 200 N. dut 14610 14210 160 14370 14050 RC2828 230 N. dut 16300 15900 120 16020 15780 RC2828 255 N. dut 12670 12270 150 12420 12120 RC2828 264.5 G. bull 10660 10260 120 10380 10140 RC2728 264.5 N. dut 10730 10330 100 10430 10230 2. Core RC27-14 carbonate data Core Depth %carb. error operator note rc27-14 1 41.91 avg rc2714 4 47.81 0.70 sb rc2714 8 56.50 1.34 sb rc2714 12 60.82 0.82 sb rc2714 16 60.34 1.40 sb rc27-14 20 60.36 0.73 ss pc rc2714 22 60.12 1.56 sb rc2714 32 60.79 0.92 sb rc27-14 40 59.28 1.01 ss pc rc2714 42 61.72 1.50 sb rc2714 52 60.06 1.28 sb rc27-14 60 55.64 0.65 ss pc rc2714 62 56.30 1.57 sb rc2714 72 58.54 1.83 sb rc27-14 80 54.94 0.84 ss pc rc2714 82 58.56 0.95 sb rc2714 92 56.14 1.43 sb rc27-14 100 56.54 0.86 ss pc rc2714 102 56.47 1.86 sb rc2714 112 57.59 1.54 sb rc27-14 120 51.99 0.72 ss pc rc2714 122 55.21 0.91 sb rc2714 132 54.19 0.84 sb rc27-14 140 54.49 0.69 ss pc rc2714 142 51.86 0.68 sb rc2714 152 51.00 0.95 sb rc27-14 160 48.93 avg rc2714 162 50.21 0.57 sb rc2714 172 50.31 0.96 sb rc27-14 180 46.10 0.91 ss pc rc2714 182 49.41 0.73 sb rc2714 192 50.10 1.08 sb rc27-14 200 45.60 0.82 ss pc rc2714 202 49.32 0.71 sb rc2714 212 49.26 1.18 sb rc27-14 220 43.67 0.53 ss pc rc2714 222 47.66 0.67 sb rc2714 232 47.46 1.11 sb rc27-14 240 42.55 0.68 ss pc rc2714 242 47.42 1.24 sb rc2714 252 44.68 0.70 sb rc27-14 260 42.96 0.71 ss pc rc2714 262 48.47 1.19 sb rc27-14 280 45.56 0.73 ss pc rc2714 282 49.43 1.07 sb rc27-14 300 45.49 0.58 ss pc rc2714 302 48.84 1.37 sb rc27-14 320 41.31 avg rc2714 322 41.91 1.33 sb rc27-14 340 46.23 0.67 ss pc rc2714 342 49.01 0.81 sb rc27-14 360 46.88 0.61 ss pc rc2714 362 47.41 1.23 sb rc2714 362 49.06 0.82 sb rc27-14 380 44.75 0.87 ss pc rc27-14 400 45.46 0.75 ss pc rc2714 402 46.42 0.73 sb rc27-14 420 47.06 0.87 ss pc rc2714 422 49.15 0.65 sb rc27-14 440 47.36 0.61 ss pc rc2714 442 45.08 0.85 sb rc27-14 460 47.27 0.76 ss pc rc27-14 480 46.46 0.63 ss pc rc27-14 500 46.18 0.75 ss pc rc27-14 520 47.30 0.32 ss pc rc27-14 540 46.43 0.61 ss pc rc27-14 560 48.01 0.82 ss pc rc27-14 580 45.04 0.81 ss pc rc27-14 600 45.93 0.62 ss pc rc27-14 620 38.97 avg rc27-14 640 42.05 0.55 ss pc rc27-14 660 42.12 0.76 ss pc rc27-14 680 44.75 0.55 ss pc rc27-14 700 44.37 0.70 ss pc rc27-14 720 42.58 0.69 ss pc rc27-14 740 42.50 0.70 ss pc rc27-14 760 43.43 0.57 ss pc rc27-14 780 44.07 avg rc27-14 800 43.80 0.64 ss pc rc27-14 820 44.24 0.58 ss pc rc27-14 840 44.49 0.88 ss pc rc27-14 860 47.04 0.66 ss pc rc27-14 880 49.06 0.80 ss pc rc27-14 900 41.59 pc rc27-14 920 46.79 0.32 ss pc rc27-14 940 47.74 0.61 ss pc rc27-14 960 47.98 0.82 ss pc rc27-14 980 48.29 0.88 ss pc rc27-14 1000 48.70 0.64 ss pc rc27-14 1020 49.11 0.85 ss pc rc27-14 1040 49.98 0.62 ss pc rc27-14 1060 48.65 0.87 ss pc rc27-14 1080 48.30 0.58 ss pc 3. RC27-14 oxygen and carbon isotopes, from Anderson 1991 thesis Measured on Globigerina bulloides Depth del13Cgb del18Ogb 22 -1.35 -1.08 32 -1.28 -1.07 42 -1.34 -1.15 52 -1.43 -1.25 62 -1.58 -1.25 72 -1.66 -1.33 82 -1.55 -0.99 92 -1.63 -0.94 102 -1.62 -0.79 112 -1.89 -0.64 122 -1.63 -0.58 132 -1.78 -0.25 142 -3.16 -0.46 152 -1.93 0.44 162 -1.95 0.33 172 -1.91 0.39 182 -1.68 0.53 192 -1.86 0.42 202 -2.04 0.36 212 -2.01 0.2 222 -1.67 0.31 232 -1.94 0.03 242 -1.82 0.25 262 -1.75 0.08 262 -1.42 0.5 282 -2.52 -0.01 302 -2.26 0.02 342 -2.11 -0.19 362 -1.81 0.12 382 -1.87 0 402 -1.68 -0.05 402 -1.79 0.08 422 -2.2 -0.31 442 -2 -0.16 4. RC27-23 Carbonate data Core Depth %carb. error operator rc27-23 1 40.25 1.09 tw rc27-23 20 47.89 0.88 tw rc27-23 40 48.84 0.9 tw rc27-23 60 56.68 0.57 tw rc27-23 80 56.63 1.11 tw rc27-23 100 57.67 1.4 tw rc2723 112 59.39 0.66 sb rc2723 117 60.02 1.13 sb rc27-23 120 57.80 0.98 tw rc2723 127 59.11 0.85 sb rc2723 132 58.56 1.24 sb rc2723 137 53.19 0.88 sb rc27-23 140 53.61 0.5 tw rc2723 147 55.97 1.33 sb rc2723 152 54.06 0.74 sb rc2723 157 56.06 1.31 sb rc27-23 160 51.94 0.97 tw rc2723 167 54.39 1.41 sb rc2723 172 57.80 0.88 sb rc2723 177 57.12 1.4 sb rc27-23 180 52.76 1.61 tw rc2723 187 52.41 1.13 sb rc2723 192 50.30 1.41 sb rc2723 197 49.64 1.57 sb rc27-23 200 49.29 1.39 tw rc2723 207 52.71 1.74 sb rc2723 212 49.52 1.33 sb rc2723 217 49.64 0.83 sb rc27-23 220 45.33 0.89 tw rc2723 227 49.66 0.78 sb rc2723 232 50.10 0.66 sb rc2723 237 46.83 0.88 sb rc27-23 240 44.38 0.87 tw rc2723 247 48.46 0.55 sb rc2723 252 43.47 0.84 sb rc2723 257 49.16 0.94 sb rc27-23avg 260 41.25 rc2723 267 46.88 0.7 sb rc2723 272 49.21 1.06 sb rc2723 277 46.18 0.69 sb rc27-23avg 280 44.93 rc2723 287 45.30 0.98 sb rc2723 292 42.63 1.11 sb rc2723 297 45.18 1.09 sb rc27-23 300 43.44 0.43 tw rc2723 307 45.11 0.63 sb rc2723 312 44.78 1.06 sb rc2723 317 43.46 1.15 sb rc27-23 320 44.71 0.4 tw rc2723 332 41.00 0.65 sb rc27-23 340 40.93 0.65 tw rc2723 352 43.63 1.09 sb rc27-23 360 40.63 0.87 tw rc2723 372 44.38 0.97 sb rc27-23 380 43.49 0.62 tw rc2723 392 45.18 0.75 sb rc27-23 400 45.47 0.22 tw rc27-23 420 42.31 0.81 tw rc27-23avg 440 40.05 rc27-23 460 45.09 0.89 tw rc27-23 480 42.32 0.58 tw rc27-23 500 44.31 0.35 tw rc27-23 520 44.97 0.45 tw rc27-23 540 43.85 0.4 tw rc27-23 560 45.22 0.71 tw rc27-23 580 43.23 0.93 tw rc27-23 600 42.63 0.62 tw rc27-23 620 38.95 0.21 tw rc27-23 640 40.95 1.12 tw rc27-23avg 660 31.72 rc27-23 680 38.58 0.74 tw rc27-23avg 700 35.62 rc27-23 720 42.44 0.86 tw rc27-23 740 42.93 1.08 tw rc27-23avg 760 36.83 rc27-23 780 47.15 0.46 tw rc27-23 800 49.49 1.31 tw rc27-23avg 820 53.24 rc27-23 840 49.74 0.98 tw rc27-23du 860 47.96 0.47 tw rc27-23 880 47.11 0.63 tw rc27-23 900 49.92 0.38 tw rc27-23 920 48.66 0.48 tw rc27-23 940 49.22 0.45 tw rc27-23 960 46.97 0.74 tw rc27-23 980 47.75 1.01 tw rc27-23 1000 48.03 0.69 tw rc27-23 1020 49.43 1.24 tw rc27-23 1040 48.64 1.39 tw rc27-23 1060 48.05 1.05 tw 5. RC27-23 oxygen and carbon isotopes, from Anderson 1991 thesis Measured on G. bulloides Depth Age d13Cgb d18Ogb 1 0 -1.18 -0.97 22 2.27 -1.57 -1.14 42 3.50 -1.42 -1.12 62 4.76 -1.72 -1.24 82 6.05 -1.79 -1.07 92 -999 -999 -999 102 7.36 -2.04 -1.06 112 8.02 -2.01 -0.97 117 8.35 -2.19 -0.91 122 8.68 -2.02 -1.17 127 9.01 -2.10 -1.11 132 9.34 -2.03 -1.03 137 9.67 -2.15 -0.98 142 10.01 -2.11 -0.72 147 10.34 -2.31 -0.87 152 10.67 -2.37 -0.52 157 11.01 -2.57 -0.44 162 11.34 -2.13 -0.38 167 11.67 -2.51 -0.40 172 12.00 -2.63 -0.80 177 12.33 -999 -999 182 12.66 -2.06 -0.72 187 12.99 -2.52 -0.32 192 13.32 -2.19 0.04 197 13.65 -2.30 -0.14 202 13.98 -2.17 0.37 204 14.30 -999 -999 207 14.63 -2.47 -0.26 212 14.95 -2.54 0.30 217 15.27 -2.24 0.12 222 15.59 -1.7 -0.3 227 15.91 -2.37 0.07 232 16.23 -2.29 -0.08 242 16.54 -2.08 -0.28 247 16.86 -2.20 0.14 252 17.17 -2.22 0.26 257 17.47 -2.27 0.25 262 17.78 -1.71 0.21 267 18.09 -2.50 -0.12 272 18.39 -2.57 -0.32 277 18.69 -2.5 -0.4 282 18.98 -2.15 0.1 287 19.28 -2.61 0.13 292 19.57 -2.40 0.06 297 19.85 -2.40 -0.07 6. Carbonate data for RC2728 Core Depth carb error operator rc2728gc 1 42.55 0.8 tw rc2728gc 5 45.29 1.81 tw rc2728gc 10 46.16 0.93 tw rc2728-000 15 46.96 1.16 wk rc2728gc 20 51.61 0.9 tw rc2728-000 20 47.28 1.24 wk rc2728-000 25 46.64 0.7 wk rc2728gc 30 51.16 0.5 tw rc2728-000 30 48.84 0.96 wk rc2728-000 35 59.09 1.15 wk rc2728gc 40 56.40 1.09 tw rc2728-000 45 56.48 1.24 wk rc2728avg 50 60.16 tw rc2728-000 55 58.53 0.71 wk rc2728gc 60 59.87 0.57 tw rc2728-000 65 57.70 1.18 wk rc2728gc 70 58.40 0.51 tw rc2728-000 70 55.71 0.99 wk rc2728-000 75 56.98 0.71 wk rc2728gc 80 59.25 0.91 tw rc2728-000 85 58.24 1.35 wk rc2728gc 90 56.82 1.19 tw rc2728du 90 58.38 0.76 tw rc2728-000 95 54.28 1.26 wk rc2728avg 100 59.07 tw rc2728-000 105 49.43 0.87 wk rc2728-000 110 52.63 1.14 wk rc2728-000 115 52.10 1.01 wk rc2728gc 120 55.47 0.41 tw rc2728-000 120 54.11 0.67 wk rc2728-000 130 51.12 1.05 wk rc2728-000 135 54.47 0.83 wk rc2728gc 140 54.84 1.02 tw rc2728-000 140 47.94 0.71 wk rc2728-000 145 46.92 0.83 wk rc2728-000 155 46.88 1.15 wk rc2728du 160 48.85 0.48 tw rc2728-000 160 47.59 1.21 wk rc2728-000 165 45.11 1.06 wk rc2728-000 170 49.46 0.82 wk rc2728-000 175 46.21 0.95 wk rc2728-000 175 46.21 0.95 wk rc2728gc 180 48.15 3.41 tw rc2728-000 185 44.15 0.82 wk rc2728-000 190 46.32 0.83 wk rc2728-000 195 46.29 0.98 wk rc2728gc 200 47.47 0.88 tw rc2728-000 205 42.20 0.73 wk rc2728-000 215 47.15 0.69 wk rc2728-000 215 42.07 0.77 wk rc2728gc 220 44.19 0.9 tw rc2728-000 220 45.13 0.6 wk rc2728-000 225 43.95 0.71 wk rc2728avg 240 41.72 tw rc2728gc 260 45.59 1.32 tw 7. Isotope data for RC2728 trans is transducer pressure del18O and del13C referenced to PDB status S=suspect (usually low trans) D=duplicate comments and date not transferred from Bobs MAC files DEPTH Species DATE RUN TRANS del13C del18O STATUS 10 G. bulloides see T4 4.10 -1.54 -1.48 15 G. bulloides see T4 3.30 -1.70 -1.42 15 G. bulloides see T4 1.10 -1.67 -1.17 20 G. bulloides see T4 3.00 -1.89 -1.51 25 G. bulloides see T4 5.60 -1.64 -1.33 30 G. bulloides see T4 5.60 -1.67 -1.28 35 G. bulloides see T4 2.60 -1.85 -1.28 40 G. bulloides see T4 1.90 -1.92 -1.24 40 G. bulloides see T4 0.70 -1.78 -1.34 45 G. bulloides see T4 4.80 -1.84 -1.40 50 G. bulloides see T4 3.70 -1.89 -1.38 55 G. bulloides see T4 3.30 -1.68 -1.24 60 G. bulloides see T4 4.10 -2.06 -1.32 65 G. bulloides see T4 8.10 -1.73 -1.43 70 G. bulloides see T4 5.90 -1.52 -1.04 75 G. bulloides see T4 5.60 -1.70 -1.21 80 G. bulloides see T4 5.20 -2.03 -1.46 85 G. bulloides see T4 5.60 -1.90 -1.24 90 G. bulloides see T4 3.70 -1.89 -1.21 95 G. bulloides see T4 4.80 -2.23 -1.21 100 G. bulloides see T4 5.90 -2.04 -1.17 105 G. bulloides see T4 1.50 -1.85 -0.96 110 G. bulloides see T4 5.20 -2.16 -1.40 115 G. bulloides see T4 6.70 -1.99 -1.08 120 G. bulloides see T4 3.30 -2.25 -0.87 125 G. bulloides see T4 6.30 -2.09 -1.07 130 G. bulloides see T4 4.40 -1.88 -1.02 135 G. bulloides see T4 3.70 -2.25 -0.99 140 G. bulloides see T4 4.10 -1.95 -0.85 145 G. bulloides see T4 3.30 -2.14 -0.60 150 G. bulloides see T4 3.30 -2.10 -0.73 150 G. bulloides see T4 1.90 -2.11 -0.81 155 G. bulloides see T4 8.50 -2.32 -0.18 160 G. bulloides see T4 2.20 -2.24 -0.22 165 G. bulloides see T4 5.60 -2.37 -0.15 170 G. bulloides see T4 1.10 -2.21 0.17 175 G. bulloides see T4 6.30 -2.17 -0.66 180 G. bulloides see T4 5.20 -2.38 -0.41 185 G. bulloides see T4 3.30 -2.78 -0.35 190 G. bulloides see T4 4.40 -2.32 -0.07 195 G. bulloides see T4 4.10 -2.07 -0.60 200 G. bulloides see T4 3.70 -2.33 -0.34 205 G. bulloides see T4 2.60 -2.49 0.21 210 G. bulloides see T4 3.00 -2.03 0.08 215 G. bulloides see T4 5.20 -2.27 -0.09 220 G. bulloides see T4 5.90 -2.24 -0.67 225 G. bulloides see T4 3.30 -2.38 -0.39 230 G. bulloides see T4 1.90 -2.39 -0.37 235 G. bulloides see T4 3.30 -2.34 -0.10 240 G. bulloides see T4 1.10 -2.47 -0.32 245 G. bulloides see T4 1.50 -2.19 -0.04 250 G. bulloides see T4 4.40 -2.22 -0.63 255 G. bulloides see T4 0.70 -2.08 0.04 260 G. bulloides see T4 4.80 -2.25 -0.32